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Santos PB. Why orthodontists need to know about molar incisor hypomineralization. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2024; 165:256-261. [PMID: 38149955 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2023.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a systemic developmental qualitative defect of the enamel that affects 1-4 first permanent molars with or without incisor involvement. Enamel hypomineralization is identified visually as a demarcated opacity with a clear border with varying extensions and can be white, yellow, or brown. This opacity is characterized by a reduced quality of enamel that is of normal thickness but not fully mineralized. It is very common for the affected teeth to present with posteruptive breakdown, making them susceptible to caries, leading to their subsequent loss. Thus, MIH is a significant dental problem with clinical, economic, and psychosocial implications. The planned extraction of compromised teeth is a valid alternative to complex restorative treatment. Orthodontists' involvement is essential in developing effective treatment strategies for children affected by MIH, contributing to their oral health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Bittencourt Santos
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
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Ravazzi R, Neves JG, Santamaria MP, Rosa LP, Rosa FCS, Santamaria-Jr M. Porphyrin-associated fluorescence spectroscopy (Photogen®) for the optical diagnosis of dental biofilm in orthodontic treatment: an observational clinical trial. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 42:103580. [PMID: 37094608 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study assessed the presence of dental biofilm with fluorescence spectroscopy associated with porphyrin (Photogen®) in users of orthodontic appliances. METHODS This cross-sectional observational clinical trial included 21 patients with metallic orthodontic fixed appliances. The presence of biofilm was evaluated by fluorescence spectroscopy (Evince-MMÓptics. São Carlos-SP, Brazil) with a porphyrin photo-evidence device (Photogen®). Digital images of the buccal surface of the upper anterior teeth (central and lateral incisors and canines) without and with porphyrin were analyzed using the histogram R (red) function in ImageJ software. The results were analyzed using the maximum and mode values of the red pixels from the histograms. The statistical analysis considered the significance level of 5%. RESULTS The maximum values and modes of the red pixels were significantly higher in biofilms analyzed by porphyrin-associated optical spectroscopy compared to optical spectroscopy alone. CONCLUSIONS Porphyrin-associated fluorescence spectroscopy was able to detect dental biofilm in the oral environment of patients with orthodontic treatment. This method better evidenced the presence of biofilm on the buccal surfaces of the upper teeth compared to that observed with fluorescence spectroscopy without porphyrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Ravazzi
- Graduate Program of Orthodontics, University Center of Hermínio Ometto Foundation-FHO. Araras, SP, Brazil.
| | - José Guilherme Neves
- Graduate Program of Orthodontics, University Center of Hermínio Ometto Foundation-FHO. Araras, SP, Brazil
| | - Mauro Pedrine Santamaria
- Center for Oral Health Research, University of Kentucky - College of Dentistry, Lexington, Kentucky. USA
| | - Luciano Pereira Rosa
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal University of Bahia-UFBA. Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | | | - Milton Santamaria-Jr
- Graduate Program of Orthodontics, University Center of Hermínio Ometto Foundation-FHO. Araras, SP, Brazil; Department Social Dentistry and Children's Clinic, São Paulo State University - ICT-UNESP, College of Dentistry, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Jaiswal AA, Siddiqui HP, Samrit VD, Duggal R, Kharbanda OP, Rajeswari MR. Comparison of the efficacy of two-time versus one-time micro-osteoperforation on maxillary canine retraction in orthodontic patients: A split-mouth randomized controlled clinical trial. Int Orthod 2021; 19:415-424. [PMID: 34281788 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Micro-osteoperforation (MOP), a minimally invasive technique for accelerating the rate of orthodontic tooth movement has been research extensively, but with varied clinical results. OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy of one-time versus two-time micro-osteoperforation on the rate of maxillary canine retraction, its influence on anchorage loss, canine angulation and the levels of interleukin (IL-1β) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). MATERIALS AND METHODS The split-mouth study included 16 patients in which the left and right sides were randomly allocated to the control side (one-time MOP) and experimental side (two-time MOP). MOP was performed on both sides distal to the maxillary canines and canine retraction was carried out using NiTi closed coil springs (150gm) and direct anchorage with miniscrew implants. The second MOP was performed on experimental side one month after the first MOP. The rate of canine movement was assessed using 3D model superimposition over a period of six months. The type of tooth movement, anchorage loss and levels of IL-1β were also evaluated. RESULTS Sixteen patients (mean age, 17.87±3.34 years) were analysed for a rate of canine retraction, anchorage loss, and type of tooth movement, while 15 patients were analysed for IL-1β. The rate was significantly higher on two-time MOP side after two months (P<0.001). No statistical difference was found in anchorage loss and controlled tipping of canines was observed. The IL-1β levels immediately after 2nd MOP were significantly higher than 1st MOP (P<0.001). CONCLUSION The two-time intervention of MOP is more efficacious than one-time MOP in accelerating tooth movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijeet A Jaiswal
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Deformities, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Hamza Parvez Siddiqui
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Deformities, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Vilas D Samrit
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Deformities, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Ritu Duggal
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Deformities, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
| | - Om Prakash Kharbanda
- Dr CG Pandit National Chair of Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Department of Plastic Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Moganty R Rajeswari
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
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Simon CP, Motoc AGM, Simon GA, Brezovan D, Muselin F, Cristina RT, Bratu DC. Gingival proliferative growth - stress and cytoarchitecture related with fixed and mobile orthodontic therapy. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY 2021; 61:1287-1294. [PMID: 34171076 PMCID: PMC8343617 DOI: 10.47162/rjme.61.4.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The fixed orthodontic measures taken induce significant stress to the gingival growth process during arch wire maneuvers of aligning and leveling. We observed, for a period of one to four years, fixed orthodontic devices in 80 human subjects. From these, we selected 44 subjects (22 women and 22 men) where the inflammatory process exhibited following the orthodontic fixed treatment, and with vacuum-formed orthodontic retainers (VFR) succeeding to fixed treatment. Samples were collected from each patient and histological and immunohistochemical (IHC) methodology was made to analyze the cytoarchitecture. Statistics were made after one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), with the Bonferroni’s correction. The IHC examination performed in the early stage revealed the presence in the inflammatory infiltrate of CD8-type T-lymphocytes, and of dendritic cells in large numbers. The examination performed in the late stage revealed the presence in the inflammatory infiltrate of CD20-type B-lymphocytes, which are mature cells capable of immunoglobulin synthesis, their activation being an important step in the maturation of the antibody response. The stress generated by arch wires in both genders was significantly higher than in the case of VFR. This observation was pointed out also by the cytohistological investigation outcome but was also based on an original scale conceived by our research team, following gingival hyperplasia evaluation. Also, with statistical significance, the comparative obtained values for men (p=0.01) and for women (p=0.001) illustrate clinical observations, allowing to affirm that, in our case, men were more stressed in bearing arch wire devices (AWD) and VFR, in comparison with women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cătălin Petru Simon
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, King Michael I of Romania Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Timişoara, Romania;
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Pithon MM. Conservative treatment in adult patient with reimplanted anterior teeth after traumatic avulsion with extensive bone loss: an 8-year follow-up. Dental Press J Orthod 2021; 26:e21bbo1. [PMID: 33729292 PMCID: PMC8018757 DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.26.1.e21bbo1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Orthodontic treatment in patients with traumatized teeth is a condition that needs good planning in order to achieve satisfactory results. OBJECTIVE To discuss approaches to orthodontic treatment of malocclusions associated with trauma followed by avulsion of anterior teeth, reimplanted after a short period of time. CASE REPORT The treatment started with the distalization of upper posterior teeth, with the aid of mini-implants and sliding jigs, followed by the inclusion of anterior teeth in the arch, followed by intrusion of these teeth. RESULTS With the treatment, improved mobility of the anterior teeth was achieved, with better insertion into bone tissue. The most important factor for satisfactory treatment and a good prognosis for avulsion is the time the tooth remains outside the socket. Orthodontic treatment in patients with traumatized teeth is not contraindicated; however, clinical and radiographic aspects must be considered. CONCLUSION Among the feasible orthodontic treatment options, the conservative approach can be a very favorable treatment alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Melo Pithon
- Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Departamento de Saúde I (Jequié/BA, Brazil).,Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de Pós-graduação em Odontopediatria e Ortodontia (Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil)
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Jiang C, Fan C, Yu X, Xu T, Cai J, Fan X, Zhang J. Comparison of the efficacy of different periodic periodontal scaling protocols for oral hygiene in adolescents with fixed orthodontic appliances: A prospective cohort study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2021; 159:435-442. [PMID: 33573896 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2020.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this reseach was to compare the effects of different periodic periodontal scaling protocols on the periodontal health of adolescents with fixed orthodontic appliances by assessing the aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels in gingival crevicular fluid and periodontal clinical indexes in a prospective cohort study. METHODS Forty-eight adolescents were divided into 3 groups according to the interval of periodontal scaling (group A: once a month; group B: once every 3 months; group C: once every 6 months). The AST and ALP levels in the gingival crevicular fluid were measured before orthodontic treatment (T0) and at 1 (T1), 3 (T2), 6 (T3), and 9 (T4) months during orthodontic treatment. Periodontal clinical indexes (plaque index [PI], gingival index [GI], and probing depth) were also assessed. RESULTS At T2, significantly lower AST and ALP levels were observed in group A than in groups B and C (P <0.05). At T3 and T4, lower AST and ALP levels were detected in groups A and B than in group C (P <0.05), and there was no significant difference between the A and B groups at T4 (P >0.05). At T2, the PI and GI were increased in groups B and C compared with group A, and at T3 and T4, significantly lower PI and GI values were observed in groups A and B than in group C (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS Periodontal scaling promotes the oral hygiene of adolescents undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment, and periodontal scaling protocols administered monthly and once every 3 months are better for controlling periodontal health than treatments administered once every 6 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmiao Jiang
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, and School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Cunhui Fan
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, and School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Xinbo Yu
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, and School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, and School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jia Cai
- Department of Stomatology, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoyu Fan
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, and School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Veiga Jardim AF, Azevedo MN, Souza JB, Freitas JC, Estrela C. Evaluation of bond strength of molar orthodontic tubes subjected to reinforcement with flowable and bonding resins. J Orofac Orthop 2020; 81:350-359. [PMID: 32500218 DOI: 10.1007/s00056-020-00235-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal was to evaluate the adhesive shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic tubes bonded to molar teeth and reinforced with Transbond XT (3M Science, St. Paul, MN, USA) and flowable resin. MATERIALS AND METHODS In all, 120 molar teeth, previously extracted from patients with a mean age of 30 were included. Orthodontic molar tubes were bonded on the vestibular surface of these teeth with one of two types of adhesive (Transbond XT [3M Science, St. Paul, MN, USA] or Orthobond [Morelli, Sorocaba, Brazil]). Each of these groups was subsequently divided into four further groups: control and those subjected to the use of resin reinforcement on the occlusal surface of the bonded tubes with one of three materials (Transbond XT, Tetric N Flow [Ivoclar Vivadent, Ellwangen, Germany], Z 350 Flow [3M Science, St. Paul, MN, USA]). SBS and adhesive remnant index tests were performed to evaluate bond strength and type of fracture of the tubes bonded with the different methods. RESULTS The use of resin reinforcement with Transbond XT significantly increased the SBS of tubes bonded with both materials. Flowable composites did not increase the SBS when used as a reinforcement. Less than 50% of the adhesive remained on the vestibular surface after the SBS test in most samples of all groups. CONCLUSION Transbond XT orthodontic adhesive and Orthobond adhesive had appropriate bonding strengths for clinical use. Furthermore, the use of a resinous reinforcement with Transbond XT significantly increased the SBS of tubes bonded. However this technique with flowable adhesives (Tetric N Flow and Z350 Flow) did not significantly increase SBS when orthodontic tubes were bonded with Transbond XT or Orthobond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Fausto Veiga Jardim
- Department of Stomatological Sciences, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.
- , Alameda Coronel Eugênio Jardim, 129. Setor Marista, 74175-100, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
| | - Monarko Nunes Azevedo
- Department of Stomatological Sciences, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - João Batista Souza
- Department of Stomatological Sciences, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Jairo Curado Freitas
- Department of Stomatological Sciences, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Carlos Estrela
- Department of Stomatological Sciences, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
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Yan X, Wang T, Su H. Effects of a self-ligating appliance for orthodontic treatment of severe adult periodontitis. J Oral Sci 2019; 61:200-205. [PMID: 31217371 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.18-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the short-term effects of a self-ligating appliance for orthodontic treatment of severe adult periodontitis. Thirty patients diagnosed as severe periodontitis were recruited at Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, P. R.China, between January 2012 and January 2016. General clinical and demographic data were collected from the patients, all of whom were treated with a self-ligating appliance. Probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP) and plaque index (PI) were measured before appliance placement, and at 1 and 3 months after appliance placement, respectively. Results showed the rate of tooth loss, mean PPD, mean CAL and the BOP ratio were more favorable in healthy subjects than in the patients. Smokers accounted for a significantly higher proportion of the patients in comparison with the healthy subjects. Clinical outcomes revealed that both the mean PPD and mean CAL were significantly decreased compared with the baseline (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the percentage of BOP, PI and bone mineral density were also significantly decreased at 1 month after treatment (P < 0.05). The volume of gingival crevicular fluid, as well as the levels of alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase and glutathione peroxidase, were significantly increased in the first month after treatment, being decreased at 2 months, and finally returning to normal in the third month. In summary, orthodontic treatment using a self-ligating appliance can apparently improve the periodontal condition of patients with severe adult periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Yan
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University
| | - Tiancong Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University
| | - Han Su
- Department of Stomatology, Jinling Hospital, Clinical School, Medical College, Nanjing University
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Impact of Orthodontic Treatment on Periodontal Tissues: A Narrative Review of Multidisciplinary Literature. Int J Dent 2016; 2016:4723589. [PMID: 26904120 PMCID: PMC4745353 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4723589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review is to describe the most commonly observed changes in periodontium caused by orthodontic treatment in order to facilitate specialists' collaboration and communication. An electronic database search was carried out using PubMed abstract and citation database and bibliographic material was then used in order to find other appropriate sources. Soft and hard periodontal tissues changes during orthodontic treatment and maintenance of the patients are discussed in order to provide an exhaustive picture of the possible interactions between these two interwoven disciplines.
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Combined Periodontal, Orthodontic, and Prosthetic Treatment in an Adult Patient. Case Rep Dent 2015; 2015:716462. [PMID: 26587295 PMCID: PMC4637465 DOI: 10.1155/2015/716462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A 41-year-old man had a significant loss of bone and supporting tissues with pathologic migration of several teeth and several missing teeth. He was treated with an interdisciplinary therapeutic protocol that included nonsurgical periodontal therapy based on strict control of supragingival plaque, subgingival periodontal therapy, orthodontic and endodontic treatment, and replacement of restorations. The orthodontic therapy was performed in a severely reduced bone support and the presence of pathological tooth migration after periodontal disease control. The interdisciplinary treatment protocol was the key to achieve a significant improvement in his facial and dental esthetics, masticatory function, and quality of life.
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Davis SM, Plonka AB, Fulks BA, Taylor KL, Bashutski J. Consequences of orthodontic treatment on periodontal health: Clinical and microbial effects. Semin Orthod 2014. [DOI: 10.1053/j.sodo.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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HAAS AN, PANNUTI CM, ANDRADE AKPD, ESCOBAR EC, ALMEIDA ERD, COSTA FO, CORTELLI JR, CORTELLI SC, RODE SDM, PEDRAZZI V, OPPERMANN RV. Mouthwashes for the control of supragingival biofilm and gingivitis in orthodontic patients: evidence-based recommendations for clinicians. Braz Oral Res 2014; 28:1-8. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2014.vol28.0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the clinical performance of brackets bonded to anterior and posterior teeth, including second molars. MATERIALS AND METHODS One operator, using the straight-wire technique, bonded metallic brackets to the teeth of 127 consecutive patients. All patients were observed for 12 months during their regular orthodontic appointments. Bracket failures were recorded and summarized for statistical analysis. The Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to evaluate bracket failure rates. RESULTS Statistically significant differences in survival rates were observed between molar tubes and anterior brackets (P < .05). Twelve-month failure rates of incisor, canine, premolar, and molar brackets were 3.6, 1.6, 4.8, and 11.6%, respectively. The first and second molar did not show significant difference in bond failure. Young patients (age <18 years) showed a higher failure rate than old patients (≥18 years). CONCLUSIONS Brackets directly bonded to the buccal surfaces of molars failed significantly more often than those directly bonded to anterior teeth or premolars, but showed acceptable failure rate especially in adult patients. Bonding on second molars seems to be as reliable as bonding on the first molars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ho Jung
- a Adjunct Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Institute and School of Dentistry, Seoul National University; Private practice, Seoul, Korea
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