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Malacarne IT, Takeshita WM, Viana MDB, Renno ACM, Ribeiro DA. Is micronucleus assay a suitable method for biomonitoring children exposed to X-ray? A systematic review with meta-analysis. Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 99:1522-1530. [PMID: 36952616 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2194405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate if the micronucleus test using oral epithelial cells is a suitable biomarker for biomonitoring children exposed to X-ray. MATERIAL AND METHODS A search was performed through the electronic databases PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science, all studies published up to February 2022 that examined the relationship between exposure of children to radiographic examinations and micronucleus. RESULTS A total of 17 full-text manuscripts were screened for eligibility. Only two studies found a difference in micronucleus labeling. On the other hand, all studies showed that X-ray was able to induce cellular death in oral mucosa cells. Following the parameters of the Effective Practices in Public Health Project (EPHPP), five manuscripts reached moderate and strong scores, and four studies were categorized as weak at final rating. In the meta-analysis, statistically significant difference was detected in micronucleated cells in children before and after radiographic examinations (SMD = 0.96, 95% CI, 0.07-1.84, p = .04), with τ2=1.09; χ2=53.37, and p < .001. CONCLUSION Radiographic examinations in children can cause genotoxic and cytotoxic damage in the oral epithelium with a large effect size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingra Tais Malacarne
- Department of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Santos, Brazil
| | - Wilton Mitsunari Takeshita
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Milena de Barros Viana
- Department of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Santos, Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia Muniz Renno
- Department of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Santos, Brazil
| | - Daniel Araki Ribeiro
- Department of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Santos, Brazil
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Faeli Ghadikolaei R, Ghorbani H, Seyedmajidi M, Ebrahimnejad Gorji K, Moudi E, Seyedmajidi S. Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity effects of x-rays on the oral mucosa epithelium at different fields of view: A cone beam computed tomography technique. CASPIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2023; 14:121-127. [PMID: 36741479 PMCID: PMC9878913 DOI: 10.22088/cjim.14.1.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is considered a common examination for dentistry problems. Cellular biology can be affected by exposure to ionizing radiations procedures. In this study, we aimed to assess the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity effects of CBCT dental examinations at two different fields of view (FOVs) in exfoliated buccal epithelial cells. Methods Sixty healthy adults participated in the current study. They were divided into two identical groups; CBCT with FOV of 6*6 cm2 and 8*11 cm2. Exfoliated oral mucosa cells were prepared immediately before and after 10-12 days of CBCT exposure. The cytological smears were stained with the Papanicolaou technique. The amounts of micronuclei and other cytotoxicity cellular changes (Pyknosis, Karyolysis, and Karyorrhexis) were evaluated. The variables of the parameters before and after CBCT examination in the two investigated FOVs were performed using Wilcoxon test and paired-samples t-test in SPSS software. Results The micronuclei and other cytotoxic changes parameters before and after CBCT exposure for both FOVs (6*6 and 8*11 cm2) increased significantly (p<0.001). Furthermore, a significant difference (p<0.05) was observed between the investigated parameters at the two FOVs. Notably, the FOV of 8*11 cm2 had more side effects than that of 6*6 cm2. There were no statistically significant among males and females for both FOVs. Conclusion CBCT examinations of dental disorders would increase the risks of inducing genetic damage. The cytotoxicity and chromosomal damage were considered in males and females in both investigated FOVs (6*6 and 8*11 cm2). In this regard, the use of CBCT must be following the ALARA principle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hakimeh Ghorbani
- Oral Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Maryam Seyedmajidi
- Dental Materials Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Kourosh Ebrahimnejad Gorji
- Department of Medical Physics Radiobiology and Radiation Protection, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ehsan Moudi
- Oral Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran,Correspondence: Ehsan Moudi, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. E-mail: , Tel: +98 1132291408
| | - Seyedali Seyedmajidi
- Dental Materials Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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Mosavat F, Mahdavi N, Safari S. Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and immunohistochemical expression of p53 in the oral mucosal epithelium of adults following cone-beam computed tomography. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2022; 879-880:503496. [PMID: 35914862 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2022.503496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study sought to assess the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of p53 in the oral mucosal epithelium of adults following cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). This before-and-after observational study evaluated 30 patients (15 males and 15 females); mean age 35 years, who required CBCT. Exfoliating epithelial cells of the buccal mucosa were collected with a cotton swab immediately before and 10 days after CBCT. Following Papanicolaou staining, genotoxicity was evaluated by the micronucleus assay. The frequencies of pyknosis, karyorrhexis, karyolysis, budding and binucleation as cytotoxicity factors were also recorded. Expression of p53 was evaluated by IHC staining. Data were analyzed by paired samples t-test. Micronucleated cells, pyknosis, karyorrhexis, karyolysis, budding, cytotoxicity, and expression of p53 increased significantly after CBCT. CBCT exerts genotoxic and cytotoxic effects and leads to overexpression of p53 protein in the oral buccal mucosal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Mosavat
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazanin Mahdavi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanaz Safari
- Oral and Maxillofacial Radiologist, Tehran, Iran.
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Julu Y, Nagarathna C. Biomonitoring of Genotoxic Effect in Children Exposed to Dental Radiographs during Pulpectomy Procedure—BMCyt Assay. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022; 15:S63-S70. [PMID: 35645505 PMCID: PMC9108814 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Radiography is one of the most valuable diagnostic tools used in comprehensive dental care. Radiation from dental radiographs was thought to cause cytogenetic changes and its plausible effects can remain for some hours, months, or generations especially in children. Aims and objectives To evaluate and compare the possible genotoxic effect of routinely used intraoral periapical radiographic exposure and radiovisiographic exposure in exfoliated epithelial cells as measured by the formation of micronuclei during single visit pulpectomy procedure using Buccal Micronucleus Cytome (BMCyt) assay in children. Materials and methods Study comprised 60 healthy children who has undergone either intraoral periapical radiography (IOPAR; group 1, n = 30) or radiovisiography (RVG; group 2, n = 30) during various steps of single visit pulpectomy procedure. Cytological smears were taken from the buccal mucosa immediately before the X-ray exposure and 10 ± 2 days after exposure. The cells were stained with Feulgen and evaluated for micronuclei by scoring 1,000 cells per sample. Results The genotoxic effect of radiation exposure from intraoral periapical radiography higher than that of RVG showing significant increase in micronucleus (MN) formation. Conclusion The X-ray radiation emitted during IOPAR or RVG does induce genotoxic changes in the form of increased frequency of micronuclei. So, great care and standard protocol should be followed to advice radiographs if necessary and reduce the cumulated biological effects of radiation exposure. Keynote Taking into account the strong evidence of a relationship between DNA damage and carcinogenesis and the extensive application of intraoral radiographs in pediatric dentistry, it would be useful to know to what extent these dental X-rays cause genotoxic effects resulting in DNA damage on oral mucosa. How to cite this article Julu Y, Nagarathna C. Biomonitoring of Genotoxic Effect in Children Exposed to Dental Radiographs during Pulpectomy Procedure—BMCyt Assay. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(S-1):S63-S70.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshang Julu
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, RajaRajeswari Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- Yoshang Julu, Department of Pediatrics and Preventive Dentistry, RajaRajeswari Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, Phone: +91 7907544470, e-mail:
| | - Chikkanarasaiah Nagarathna
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, RajaRajeswari Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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dos Santos MAL, Couto GR, Sabey MJS, Borges DDPR, Takeshita WM. Can exposure to panoramic radiographs induce genotoxic effects on the oral epithelium? A systematic review with meta-analysis. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2022; 51:20210149. [PMID: 34319790 PMCID: PMC8802704 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20210149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate, through a systematic review (SR) with meta-analysis, the occurrence of genotoxic effects in the oral epithelium after the exposure of patients to panoramic radiographs. METHODS An SR was performed with the PICOS (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, and Study design) strategy, aiming to answer the following question: "Can panoramic radiographs induce genotoxic effects on the oral epithelium?" The study was registered in the PROSPERO (International prospective register of systematic reviews) platform. A systematic search was performed in the following electronic databases: PubMed (including MedLine), Scopus, Embase, LILACS, Medline EbscoHost, and Google Scholar. Treatment effects were defined as standardized mean difference (SMD), and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were established. The Joanna Briggs Institute questionnaire for observational studies was applied to assess the risk of bias. The GRADE tool was used to assess the quality of evidence of the SR. RESULTS A total of 251 potentially relevant studies were selected through the search strategy. After screening titles and abstracts, 11 full-text manuscripts were assessed for eligibility and nine observational studies were included in the meta-analysis. The present study showed an increase in micronuclei after the exposure (SMD = 0.21, 95% CI, 0.03 to 0.28, p = 0.02), with a Tau2index = 0.00, Chi2 = 2.35, and p-value = 0.97. Therefore, the articles selected were considered homogeneous and the I² of 0% indicated low heterogeneity. CONCLUSION According to the studies analysed, although the quality of evidence was considered low, panoramic radiographs can cause genotoxic damage in the oral epithelium but with a small effect size.
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Sycheva LP, Kiselev SM, Shandala NK. Cytogenetic analysis (buccal micronucleus cytome assay) of radioactive waste management workers. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2021; 870-871:503403. [PMID: 34583823 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2021.503403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The Russian Federation is implementing a program for dismantling nuclear-powered submarines and nuclear service vessels decommissioned from the Navy. Program personnel may be exposed to mutagenic and carcinogenic factors, including ionizing radiation. Improved preclinical health diagnostics are desirable, for timely identification of health effects, optimization of preventive measures, and medical interventions. We used an improved version of the buccal micronucleus cytome assay (BMCyt) to conduct cytogenetic status assessment of 59 employees of the Far Eastern Center for Radioactive Waste Management (DalRAO). We observed a statistically significant increase in the frequency of buccal epithelial cells with cytogenetic abnormalities (2.31‰ versus 1.15‰) and a small decrease in the apoptotic index (42 % versus 44 %) in the exposure group vs. controls. An accumulation index of cytogenetic disorders (the ratio of cells with nuclear abnormalities to cells in apoptosis) was determined and significant differences were found between the exposure and control groups. The proposed approach is simple, non-invasive, and highly informative for monitoring the health status of personnel exposed to complex factors in the working environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila Petrovna Sycheva
- State Research Center - Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 123182 Zhivopisnaya str, 46, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Sergey Mikhailovich Kiselev
- State Research Center - Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 123182 Zhivopisnaya str, 46, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia Konstantinovna Shandala
- State Research Center - Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 123182 Zhivopisnaya str, 46, Moscow, Russia
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Belmans N, Oenning AC, Salmon B, Baselet B, Tabury K, Lucas S, Lambrichts I, Moreels M, Jacobs R, Baatout S. Radiobiological risks following dentomaxillofacial imaging: should we be concerned? Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2021; 50:20210153. [PMID: 33989056 PMCID: PMC8404518 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20210153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This review aimed to present studies that prospectively investigated biological effects in patients following diagnostic dentomaxillofacial radiology (DMFR). METHODS Literature was systematically searched to retrieve all studies assessing radiobiological effects of using X-ray imaging in the dentomaxillofacial area, with reference to radiobiological outcomes for other imaging modalities and fields. RESULTS There is a lot of variability in the reported radiobiological assessment methods and radiation dose measures, making comparisons of radiobiological studies challenging. Most radiological DMFR studies are focusing on genotoxicity and cytotoxicity, data for 2D dentomaxillofacial radiographs, albeit with some methodological weakness biasing the results. For CBCT, available evidence is limited and few studies include comparative data on both adults and children. CONCLUSIONS In the future, one will have to strive towards patient-specific measures by considering age, gender and other individual radiation sensitivity-related factors. Ultimately, future radioprotection strategies should build further on the concept of personalized medicine, with patient-specific optimization of the imaging protocol, based on radiobiological variables.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Caroline Oenning
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São, Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Bjorn Baselet
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Radiobiology Unit, Boeretang 200, Mol, Belgium
| | | | - Stéphane Lucas
- Laboratory of Analysis by Nuclear Reaction (LARN/PMR), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Ivo Lambrichts
- Morphology Group, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building C, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Marjan Moreels
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Radiobiology Unit, Boeretang 200, Mol, Belgium
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Milić M, Gerić M, Nodilo M, Ranogajec-Komor M, Milković Đ, Gajski G. Response to the Letter to the Editor: The importance of genotoxicity studies for biomonitoring children exposed to X-ray. Eur J Radiol 2020; 135:109506. [PMID: 33401110 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.109506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mirta Milić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Mutagenesis Unit, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marko Gerić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Mutagenesis Unit, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marijana Nodilo
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Division of Materials Chemistry, Radiation Chemistry and Dosimetry Laboratory, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mária Ranogajec-Komor
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Division of Materials Chemistry, Radiation Chemistry and Dosimetry Laboratory, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Đurđica Milković
- Srebrnjak Children's Hospital, Radiology and Ultrasound Unit, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Goran Gajski
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Mutagenesis Unit, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Application of the buccal micronucleus cytome assay on child population exposed to sinus X-ray. Eur J Radiol 2020; 129:109143. [PMID: 32593079 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.109143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Diagnostic X-ray examinations of paranasal sinuses use a low-dose ionizing radiation to achieve medically indicated purposes. The effects of low-dose radiation are still controversial, making it a highly prioritized field of research. As there is a need to evaluate the effects of low-dose ionizing radiation and that children might be a more vulnerable population, we performed simultaneous physical dosimetry and buccal cell micronucleus cytome assay on pediatric patients before and after an X-ray examination of the sinuses. METHODS The study comprised 20 subjects aged 11.9 ± 3.6 years, and BMI < 25 kg/m2. Physical dosimetry was performed using radiophotoluminiscent (RPL) glass dosimeters placed on four positions on the head. The buccal cell micronucleus cytome assay was performed before and 14 ± 1 days after the X-ray exam, to monitor DNA damaging, replicative, cytostatic, and cell death effects. RESULTS The doses in the primary beam ranged 371-1106 μGy and were several fold higher than at the other positions on the head. As for biological changes, we did not observe any DNA damaging effects. However, a significant increase in cells with condensed chromatin was observed, indicating more cells undergoing early stages of apoptosis. We also observed inter-individual differences between the subjects. A correlation between the doses detected and biological effects was not observed. CONCLUSION Although we did not observe significant increase in DNA damage, further studies are needed to increase the statistical power of the results and ensure patients' safety and optimal health care.
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Chauhan V, Wilkins RC. A comprehensive review of the literature on the biological effects from dental X-ray exposures. Int J Radiat Biol 2019; 95:107-119. [PMID: 30496029 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2019.1547436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Routine dental X-rays are among the most common sources of ionizing radiation exposure for healthy individuals globally, with 300 examinations/1000 individuals/year as documented by the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) global survey of medical radiation usage and exposure. Furthermore, in the United States of America, an increased use of dental radiography is evident. However, with the shift from using film to digital image receptors, the dose of radiation per routine examination has decreased. Despite this, there remains public concern of dental X-rays. This continuing concern highlights the need to review the literature on biological and health effects related to exposure, from dental X-rays. MATERIAL AND METHODS This report presents studies investigating biological and health effects related to exposures using dental X-rays in patients and provides a critical evaluation. Relevant studies specific to dental X-rays are reviewed from 1970 and onward with the bulk data in this field resulting from epidemiological and biomonitoring studies. RESULTS While, most epidemiological studies suggest a possible correlation between head/neck related tumors and exposure to dental X-rays, evidence for causation is lacking. Biomonitoring studies suggest that exposure to low-level radiation such as that of dental radiography may not be a factor in inducing long-term chromosomal damage, but may result in localized cytotoxicity in the irradiated region of the mouth, with no long-term harm. CONCLUSIONS In general, the total number of studies is low and the majority of the data has been generated from poorly designed experiments. This review will highlight shortcomings that could influence outcomes and provide a more balanced interpretation that could impact the public perception and the level of public concern on the health effects resulting from dental X-rays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinita Chauhan
- a Consumer and Clinical Radiation Protection Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch , Health Canada , Ottawa , Canada
| | - Ruth C Wilkins
- a Consumer and Clinical Radiation Protection Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch , Health Canada , Ottawa , Canada
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Virag P, Hedesiu M, Soritau O, Perde-Schrepler M, Brie I, Pall E, Fischer-Fodor E, Bogdan L, Lucaciu O, Belmans N, Moreels M, Salmon B, Jacobs R. Low-dose radiations derived from cone-beam CT induce transient DNA damage and persistent inflammatory reactions in stem cells from deciduous teeth. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2018; 48:20170462. [PMID: 30168750 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20170462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cone-beam CT (CBCT), a radiographic tool for diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up in dental practice, was introduced also in pediatric radiology, especially orthodontics. Such patients subjected to repetitive X-rays examinations may receive substantial levels of radiation doses. Ionizing radiation (IR), a recognized carcinogenic factor causing DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) could be harmful to undifferentiated cells such as dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) since inaccurately repaired or unrepaired DSBs may lead to malignant transformation. The H2AX and MRE11 proteins generated following DSBs formation and pro-inflammatory cytokines (CKs) secreted after irradiation are relevant candidates to monitor the cellular responses induced by CBCT. METHODS DPSCs were extracted from human exfoliated deciduous teeth and their phenotype was assessed by immunocytochemistry and flow-cytometry. Cells were exposed to IR doses: 5.4-107.7 mGy, corresponding to 0.5-8 consecutive skull exposures, respectively. H2AX and MRE11 were detected in whole cells, while IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, TNFα in supernatants, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at different time points after exposure. RESULTS The phosphorylation level of H2AX in DPSCs increased considerably at 0.5 h after exposure (p < 0.001 for 3, 5, 8 skull exposures and p < 0.05 for 1 skull exposure, respectively). MRE11 response could only be detected for the highest IR dose (p < 0.001) in the same interval. CKs secretion increased upon CBCT exposure according to doses and time. CONCLUSIONS The DPSCs exposure to CBCT induces transient DNA damage and persistent inflammatory reaction in DPSCs drawing the attention on the potential risks of IR exposures and on the importance of dose monitoring in pediatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piroska Virag
- The Oncology Institute "Prof.Dr.Ion Chiricuta", Laboratory of Radiotherapy, Radiobiology and Tumor Biology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaela Hedesiu
- "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Olga Soritau
- The Oncology Institute "Prof.Dr.Ion Chiricuta", Laboratory of Radiotherapy, Radiobiology and Tumor Biology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Maria Perde-Schrepler
- The Oncology Institute "Prof.Dr.Ion Chiricuta", Laboratory of Radiotherapy, Radiobiology and Tumor Biology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Brie
- The Oncology Institute "Prof.Dr.Ion Chiricuta", Laboratory of Radiotherapy, Radiobiology and Tumor Biology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Emoke Pall
- University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj- Napoca, Romania
| | - Eva Fischer-Fodor
- The Oncology Institute "Prof.Dr.Ion Chiricuta", Laboratory of Radiotherapy, Radiobiology and Tumor Biology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,"Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Loredana Bogdan
- Radiation Hygiene Department, National Institute of Public Health, Regional Center of Public Health Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ondine Lucaciu
- "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Niels Belmans
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.,Radiobiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Institute for Environment, Health and Safety, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK·CEN, Boeretang, Belgium
| | - Marjan Moreels
- Radiobiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Institute for Environment, Health and Safety, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK·CEN, Boeretang, Belgium
| | - Benjamin Salmon
- EA2496, Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, Dental School Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France.,Department of Odontology, AP-HP, Nord Val de Seine Hospital (Bretonneau), Paris, France
| | - Reinhilde Jacobs
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, OMFS-IMPATH Research Group, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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da Fonte JB, Andrade TMD, Albuquerque RL, de Melo MDFB, Takeshita WM. Evidence of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of X-rays in the oral mucosa epithelium of adults subjected to cone beam CT. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2017; 47:20170160. [PMID: 29091472 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20170160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess cytological evidence of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of X-rays in oral exfoliated cells of adults subjected to partial and total cone beam CT (CBCT) (stitching module) by means of micronuclei frequency, associated with counting of degenerative nuclear alterations (pyknosis, karyolysis, karyorrhexis, buds and broken eggs), besides comparing the partial and total CBCT (stitching module) in search of possible differences in the nature and/or intensity of the effects. METHODS 29 adults who were referred to total or partial CBCT were selected. All CBCT were performed with a Carestream CS 9000 3D scanner (Carestream Health Inc., Rochester, NY). Material collection was done immediately before CBCT and 10 days later, by scraping the left and right cheek mucosa with a plastic spatula. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test (paired data), at a significance level of 5%. RESULTS The statistically significant difference was noted in the frequency of micronucleated cells for both partial and total acquisition (p = 0.008 and p < 0.001, respectively). Regarding to cytotoxicity, there was a statistically significant difference for both partial and total acquisition (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The partial and total CBCT seems to offer risks of inducing genetic damage. In addition both forms of CBCT acquisition have promoted the induction of cytotoxic nuclear alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Bm da Fonte
- 1 Department of Dentistry, Master's Degree Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Sergipe, UFS, Aracaju, Brazil.,2 Department of Dentistry, Discipline of Radiology and Dental Imaging, Federal University of Sergipe, UFS Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Taís M de Andrade
- 3 Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Sergipe, UFS, Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Lc Albuquerque
- 4 Department of Dentistry, Discipline of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Tiradentes University, UNIT, Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Maria de Fátima B de Melo
- 2 Department of Dentistry, Discipline of Radiology and Dental Imaging, Federal University of Sergipe, UFS Aracaju, Brazil.,5 Departament of Oral Pathology, Radiology & Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, USA
| | - Wilton M Takeshita
- 2 Department of Dentistry, Discipline of Radiology and Dental Imaging, Federal University of Sergipe, UFS Aracaju, Brazil
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13
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Bazyka D, Finch SC, Ilienko IM, Lyaskivska O, Dyagil I, Trotsiuk N, Gudzenko N, Chumak VV, Walsh KM, Wiemels J, Little MP, Zablotska L. Buccal mucosa micronuclei counts in relation to exposure to low dose-rate radiation from the Chornobyl nuclear accident and other medical and occupational radiation exposures. Environ Health 2017; 16:70. [PMID: 28645274 PMCID: PMC5481966 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-017-0273-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ionizing radiation is a well-known carcinogen. Chromosome aberrations, and in particular micronuclei represent an early biological predictor of cancer risk. There are well-documented associations of micronuclei with ionizing radiation dose in some radiation-exposed groups, although not all. That associations are not seen in all radiation-exposed groups may be because cells with micronuclei will not generally pass through mitosis, so that radiation-induced micronuclei decay, generally within a few years after exposure. METHODS Buccal samples from a group of 111 male workers in Ukraine exposed to ionizing radiation during the cleanup activities at the Chornobyl nuclear power plant were studied. Samples were taken between 12 and 18 years after their last radiation exposure from the Chornobyl cleanup. The frequency of binucleated micronuclei was analyzed in relation to estimated bone marrow dose from the cleanup activities along with a number of environmental/occupational risk factors using Poisson regression adjusted for overdispersion. RESULTS Among the 105 persons without a previous cancer diagnosis, the mean Chornobyl-related dose was 59.5 mSv (range 0-748.4 mSv). There was a borderline significant increase in micronuclei frequency among those reporting work as an industrial radiographer compared with all others, with a relative risk of 6.19 (95% CI 0.90, 31.08, 2-sided p = 0.0729), although this was based on a single person. There was a borderline significant positive radiation dose response for micronuclei frequency with increase in micronuclei per 1000 scored cells per Gy of 3.03 (95% CI -0.78, 7.65, 2-sided p = 0.1170), and a borderline significant reduction of excess relative MN prevalence with increasing time since last exposure (p = 0.0949). There was a significant (p = 0.0388) reduction in MN prevalence associated with bone X-ray exposure, but no significant trend (p = 0.3845) of MN prevalence with numbers of bone X-ray procedures. CONCLUSIONS There are indications of increasing trends of micronuclei prevalence with Chornobyl-cleanup-associated dose, and indications of reduction in radiation-associated excess prevalence of micronuclei with time after exposure. There are also indications of substantially increased micronuclei associated with work as an industrial radiographer. This analysis adds to the understanding of the long-term effects of low-dose radiation exposures on relevant cellular structures and methods appropriate for long-term radiation biodosimetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Bazyka
- National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 53 Melnikov Street, Kyiv, 04050 Ukraine
| | - S. C. Finch
- Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 5635, 675 Hoes Lane W, Piscataway Township, New Brunswick, NJ 08854 USA
| | - I. M. Ilienko
- National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 53 Melnikov Street, Kyiv, 04050 Ukraine
| | - O. Lyaskivska
- National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 53 Melnikov Street, Kyiv, 04050 Ukraine
| | - I. Dyagil
- National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 53 Melnikov Street, Kyiv, 04050 Ukraine
| | - N. Trotsiuk
- National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 53 Melnikov Street, Kyiv, 04050 Ukraine
| | - N. Gudzenko
- National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 53 Melnikov Street, Kyiv, 04050 Ukraine
| | - V. V. Chumak
- National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 53 Melnikov Street, Kyiv, 04050 Ukraine
| | - K. M. Walsh
- UCSF Box 0520, Division of Neuroepidemiology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143-0520 USA
| | - J. Wiemels
- Box 0520, Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology, University of California San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1450 3rd Street, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - M. P. Little
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Room 7E546, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-9778 USA
| | - L.B. Zablotska
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 3333 California St, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA
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14
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Aykanat B, Demircigil GC, Buyan N, Baskin E, Gulleroglu K, Fidan K, Bayrakci US, Dalgic A, Karakayali H, Haberal M, Burgaz S. Micronuclei and other nuclear anomalies in buccal epithelial cells of children with chronic kidney disease. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2016; 67:317-325. [DOI: 10.1515/aiht-2016-67-2851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The objective of this study was to reveal the likely genomic instability in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) using micronucleus (MN) assay on buccal epithelial cells (BEC). We investigated the frequencies of micronuclei and other nuclear anomalies, such as nuclear buds, binucleated cells, condensed chromatin, and karyorrhectic and pyknotic cells in BEC. Children with CKD were grouped as follows: children in the pre-dialysis (PreD) stage (N=17), children on regular haemodialysis (HD) (N=14), and children who have undergone transplantation (Tx) (N=17). As a control group, twenty age- and gender-matched healthy children were selected. The MN frequency in BEC of all groups of children with CKD was significantly elevated (5- to 7-fold) as compared to the control group (p<0.001). In contrast, the frequencies of nuclear buds were not significantly higher in the study groups compared to the control group. The frequencies of binucleated cells and condensed chromatin cells were significantly higher in all subgroups of children with CKD relative to the control group (p<0.001). Our results show that the BEC of pediatric PreD, HD, and Tx patients with CKD display increased cytogenetic, cytokinetic, and cytotoxic effects. They also point to the sensitivity and usefulness of the BEC MN assay in the assessment of genetic susceptibility of patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banu Aykanat
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Necla Buyan
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esra Baskin
- Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kaan Gulleroglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kibriya Fidan
- Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Umut Selda Bayrakci
- Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aydin Dalgic
- Department of General Surgery, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hamdi Karakayali
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Haberal
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sema Burgaz
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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15
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Genotoxic effects of X-rays in buccal mucosal cells in children subjected to dental radiographs. BDJ Open 2016; 2:16001. [PMID: 29607062 PMCID: PMC5842858 DOI: 10.1038/bdjopen.2016.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives/Aims Bitewing and digital dental panoramic radiographs have become important adjuvants for successful dental practice in pediatric dentistry. Both methods lead to genetic changes in the oral buccal epithelium that have not yet been satisfactorily explored. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the genotoxic effects induced by X-ray radiation from bitewing and panoramic dental radiography in exfoliated buccal epithelial cells of children, using the Buccal Micronucleus Cytome assay. Materials and Methods Children (n=40) who met the inclusion criteria and provided signed informed consent were included in the study. Children were selected for undergoing bitewing radiographs (group 1; n=20) or digital dental panoramic radiographs (group 2; n=20). Exfoliated buccal mucosal cells were obtained by scraping the right/left buccal mucosa with a wooden spatula immediately before the X-ray exposure and 10±2 days after exposure. Results The frequency of micronuclei increases significantly post exposure to both bitewing and digital dental panoramic radiography in children, but the frequency was higher in bitewing radiographs. Conclusion It was concluded that the frequency of micronuclei increases post exposure to both bitewing and digital panoramic radiographs. Increased radiation exposure results in an increase in micronuclei frequency.
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