1
|
Schubert A, Griesmüller C, Gersdorff N, Bürgers R, Wiechens B, Wassmann T. Antibacterial coating of orthodontic elastomeric ligatures with silver and bismuth nanofilms by magnetron sputtering: A feasibility study. Clin Exp Dent Res 2024; 10:e864. [PMID: 38433291 PMCID: PMC10909824 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Magnetron sputtering was evaluated to equip surfaces of orthodontic elastomeric ligatures with silver and bismuth nanofilms. MATERIAL AND METHODS Antibacterial properties were evaluated by the adhesion of Streptococcus mutans. Polyurethane-based elastomeric ligatures were coated with silver and bismuth nanofilms via direct current magnetron sputtering. Surface roughness (Ra ) and surface-free energy (SFE) were assessed. Coated specimens were incubated with S. mutans for 2 h. Adhering bacteria were visualized by Hoechst staining and quantified by an ATP-based luminescence assay. One-way analysis of variance with Tukey post hoc testing and Pearson correlation analysis were performed (p < .05) to relate bacterial adhesion to surface roughness and surface-free energy. RESULTS Elastomeric ligatures were successfully coated with silver and bismuth nanofilms. Ra was significantly reduced by silver coating. Silver and bismuth coatings showed significantly higher SFE than controls. Adhesion of S. mutans was significantly decreased by silver coating. No correlation between bacterial adhesion and SFE was found. Correlation between bacterial adhesion and Ra was positive but not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Magnetron sputtering proved to be a feasible method to equip orthodontic elastomeric ligatures with silver and bismuth nanofilms. Silver coatings of elastomeric ligatures may reduce white spots and carious lesions in orthodontic patients. Future research is required to stabilize coatings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Schubert
- Department of ProsthodonticsUniversity Medical Center GoettingenGoettingenGermany
| | - Carolin Griesmüller
- Department of ProsthodonticsUniversity Medical Center GoettingenGoettingenGermany
| | - Nikolaus Gersdorff
- Department of ProsthodonticsUniversity Medical Center GoettingenGoettingenGermany
| | - Ralf Bürgers
- Department of ProsthodonticsUniversity Medical Center GoettingenGoettingenGermany
| | - Bernhard Wiechens
- Department of OrthodonticsUniversity Medical Center GoettingenGoettingenGermany
| | - Torsten Wassmann
- Department of ProsthodonticsUniversity Medical Center GoettingenGoettingenGermany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Immune System Acts on Orthodontic Tooth Movement: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:9668610. [PMID: 36330460 PMCID: PMC9626206 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9668610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is a tissue remodeling process based on orthodontic force loading. Compressed periodontal tissues have a complicated aseptic inflammatory cascade, which are considered the initial factor of alveolar bone remodeling. Since skeletal and immune systems shared a wide variety of molecules, osteoimmunology has been generally accepted as an interdisciplinary field to investigate their interactions. Unsurprisingly, OTM is considered a good mirror of osteoimmunology since it involves immune reaction and bone remolding. In fact, besides bone remodeling, OTM involves cementum resorption, soft tissue remodeling, orthodontic pain, and relapse, all correlated with immune cells and/or immunologically active substance. The aim of this paper is to review the interaction of immune system with orthodontic tooth movement, which helps gain insights into mechanisms of OTM and search novel method to short treatment period and control complications.
Collapse
|
3
|
Influence Of Orthodontic Brackets Design And Surface Properties On The Cariogenic Streptococcus mutans Adhesion. Saudi Dent J 2022; 34:321-327. [PMID: 35692239 PMCID: PMC9177871 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2022.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To compare the surface properties of self-ligating metallic (SLM), ceramic esthetic, and conventional metallic (CM) brackets, and evaluate the adhesion of Streptococcus mutans biofilms to their surface, attempting to interpret the correlation between bracket type and enamel demineralization from a microbiological perspective. Materials and methods Twenty-two brackets of each group were used. The brackets’ surface roughness was defined and the bacterial adhesion was performed using the strain S. mutans ATCC25175 with 8 h or 24 h of incubation time. The total bacterial adhesion (TBA) of biofilms was assessed using optical density (OD) methodology. To quantify bacteria viability (BV), the colony forming units (CFU) were counted. A scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation of biofilms was also performed. Results: Ceramic brackets exhibited significantly higher roughness (0.304) compared to CM (0.090) and SLM (0.067) ones (C > CM = SLM). The data obtained with the TBA and BV tests showed that S. mutans biofilm formed on bracket groups exhibited similar results for both incubation periods. From the SEM images it is possible to observe that biofilm structure formed for 24 h was denser than that for 8 h of incubation with significantly more aggregates and cells for three groups. Conclusion This in vitro study suggests that despite the higher surface roughness of ceramic brackets, this alone does not influence the adhesion of the S. mutans biofilms. Clinical relevance From a microbiological perspective, the bracket's design may be more relevant than its surface roughness with respect to the adhesion of cariogenic bacteria biofilm with potential risk to dental enamel integrity.
Collapse
|
4
|
Feres MFN, Vicioni-Marques F, Romano FL, Roscoe MG, Souza VMD, Torneri AL, Bueno-Silva B. Streptococcus mutans adherence to conventional and self-ligating brackets: an in vitro study. Dental Press J Orthod 2021; 26:e212019. [PMID: 34932711 PMCID: PMC8690864 DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.26.6.e212019.oar] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although self-ligating brackets presumably provide better hygiene conditions, no consensus has been reached so far. OBJECTIVE Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate, in an in vitro experimental design, the adherence of Streptococcus mutans (SM) in self-ligating and conventional brackets of different manufacturers and ligature types. METHODS Four commercial brands of maxillary premolar metal brackets were tested (Abzil®; Morelli®; 3M Unitek®; and GAC®). Each one was subdivided into three groups, which varied according to the type of ligature and bracket model (metallic, elastic, and self-ligating), totalizing twelve groups, composed of six brackets each. Previously sterilized brackets were initially immersed in saliva for one hour, and subsequently washed and added in a bacterial suspension, maintained in aerobiosis for 72 hours. The adhered bacteria were then separated and quantified by colony forming units (CFU/mL) counting after 48 hours of growth. The groups were compared by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn post-hoc tests (p< 0.05). RESULTS Regardless of the commercial brand, self-ligating brackets had significantly less CFU/mL. However, according to comparisons performed within each commercial brand, only Abzil® self-ligating brackets had significantly lower biofilm adhesion. Among all of the self-ligating models, GAC® brackets presented the highest bacterial adhesion rate. CONCLUSIONS Self-ligating brackets are likely to present lower rates of biofilm adhesion. Particularly, Abzil® and GAC® self-ligating brackets are less likely to accumulate biofilm. Although such results are derived from an in vitro study, practitioners might acknowledge findings concerning bacterial adhesion as one of the relevant features to be considered during bracket selection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murilo Fernando Neuppmann Feres
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Clínica Infantil (Ribeirão Preto/SP, Brazil)
| | - Fernanda Vicioni-Marques
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Clínica Infantil (Ribeirão Preto/SP, Brazil)
| | - Fábio Lourenço Romano
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Clínica Infantil (Ribeirão Preto/SP, Brazil)
| | - Marina Guimarães Roscoe
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Biomateriais e Biologia Oral (São Paulo/SP, Brazil)
| | | | - Aline Lira Torneri
- Universidade de Guarulhos, Programa de Pós-Graduação, Mestrado em Ortodontia (Guarulhos/SP, Brazil)
| | - Bruno Bueno-Silva
- Universidade de Guarulhos, Programa de Pós-Graduação, Mestrado em Ortodontia (Guarulhos/SP, Brazil)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Parmar NP, Thompson GL, Atack NE, Ireland AJ, Sherriff M, Haworth JA. Microbial colonisation associated with conventional and self-ligating brackets: a systematic review. J Orthod 2021; 49:151-162. [PMID: 34839734 PMCID: PMC9160783 DOI: 10.1177/14653125211056023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: Decalcification and gingivitis caused by plaque
accumulation around brackets are common iatrogenic effects of fixed
appliances. The influence of conventional versus self-ligating bracket
design on microbial colonisation is unknown. Objective: To assess the levels of microbial colonisation associated
with conventional and self-ligating brackets. Search sources: Three databases were searched for publications from 2009
to 2021. Data selection: Randomised controlled trials comparing levels of
microbial colonisation before and during treatment with conventional and
self-ligating brackets were assessed independently and in duplicate. Data extraction: Data were extracted independently by two authors from the
studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Risk of bias assessments were
made using the revised Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized trials. The
quality of the included studies was assessed using the Critical Appraisal
Skills Programme Checklist. Results: A total of 11 randomised controlled trials were included
in this systematic review. Six of the studies were found to be at low risk
of bias and five presented with some concerns. The studies were considered
moderate to high quality. Five trials reported no statistically significant
difference in microbial colonisation between bracket types. The remaining
studies showed mixed results, with some reporting increased colonisation of
conventional brackets and others increased colonisation of self-ligating
brackets. The heterogeneity of study methods and outcomes precluded
meta-analysis. Conclusion: Of the 11 studies included in this systematic review,
five found no differences in colonisation between conventional and
self-ligating brackets. The remaining studies showed mixed results. The
evidence is inconclusive regarding the association between bracket design
and levels of microbial colonisation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi P Parmar
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Nikki E Atack
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jablonski-Momeni A, Sambale J, Gaerttner L, Nothelfer R, Korbmacher-Steiner H. Use of bioluminescence measurements for detection of artificial demineralization adjacent to orthodontic brackets. J Orofac Orthop 2021:10.1007/s00056-021-00341-y. [PMID: 34331070 DOI: 10.1007/s00056-021-00341-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Enamel demineralization can occur as a side effect during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances and should be detected as early as possible. A new approach to assess demineralization is a system consisting of a photosensitive protein that binds to free calcium ions at the enamel surface. A camera is then used to visualize the bioluminescence spots. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the ability of the bioluminescence technology to assess artificially demineralized enamel adjacent to various orthodontic brackets. METHODS In all, 108 human enamel samples were allocated randomly to groups with different orthodontic bracket material: stainless steel, titanium, ceramic. Initial lesions were created adjacent to the brackets. The samples were assessed by bioluminescence before and after demineralization. Images were assessed for presence of bioluminescence spots (yes/no). To quantify the bioluminescence measurements, the images' pixel values (P) were calculated within a defined area (F) adjacent to each bracket before and after demineralization. Quantitative light-induced fluorescence measurements (ΔF, ΔQ) were performed as the reference standard for demineralization. RESULTS After demineralization, bioluminescence spots were visible (yes/no decision) in 87% of the samples. The pixel analysis of the bioluminescence spots showed significantly higher pixel values after demineralization compared to baseline (p < 0.0001). The bracket material had no influence on the bioluminescence measurements. All samples showed fluorescence loss with a median ΔF of -9.52% (±3.15) and a median ΔQ of -1.01% × mm2 (±3.34), respectively. CONCLUSION The bioluminescence technology is a promising tool to demonstrate demineralization adjacent to different orthodontic brackets in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Jablonski-Momeni
- Dental School, Department of Orthodontics, Philipps University of Marburg, Georg-Voigt-Str. 3, 35039, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Janine Sambale
- Dental School, Department of Orthodontics, Philipps University of Marburg, Georg-Voigt-Str. 3, 35039, Marburg, Germany
| | - Laura Gaerttner
- Dental School, Department of Orthodontics, Philipps University of Marburg, Georg-Voigt-Str. 3, 35039, Marburg, Germany
| | - Romy Nothelfer
- Dental School, Department of Orthodontics, Philipps University of Marburg, Georg-Voigt-Str. 3, 35039, Marburg, Germany
| | - Heike Korbmacher-Steiner
- Dental School, Department of Orthodontics, Philipps University of Marburg, Georg-Voigt-Str. 3, 35039, Marburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Comparison of microbial adhesion and biofilm formation on orthodontic wax materials; an in vitro study. J Dent Sci 2021; 15:493-499. [PMID: 33505622 PMCID: PMC7816049 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2020.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Orthodontic wax materials are available on the dental market and are given by orthodontists due to pain, sores and irritation caused by treatment. The aim of the study was to compare biofilm formation and microbial adhesion at different time points on different protective materials used against orthodontic wounds in vitro. Materials and methods Microbial adhesion and biofilm formation were evaluated against Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 and Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 standard strains on orthodontic wax materials at the 0, 24th, 48th, 72nd, 96th and 120th hour. The Kruskal Wallis test and Bonferroni test were used for statistical evaluations. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results It was observed that S. mutans formed statistically significantly more biofilm on OrthoDots®CLEAR (OrVance) than Ora-Aid (TBM Corporation) at the 48th hour (p < 0.05). Furthermore, L. acidophilus formed statistically significantly more biofilm on OrthoDots®CLEAR (OrVance) than Brace Gard®(Infa-Lab Inc.) at the 72nd, 96th and 120th hours (p < 0.05). Conclusion Significant differences were noted among the different orthodontic wax materials and both S. mutans and L. acidophilus created biofilm on all waxes at different time points in vitro. To prevent biofilm formation, these waxes need to be refreshed and should not be used for more than 24 h. According to our study, biofilm production performances of pathogens on Brace Gard®(Infa-Lab Inc.) are minimal and therefore it may be a better option to use in clinics. However, to our knowledge, this is the first study investigating biofilm formation on waxes and more studies are needed in this field.
Collapse
|
8
|
Jablonski-Momeni A, Nothelfer R, Morawietz M, Kiesow A, Korbmacher-Steiner H. Impact of self-assembling peptides in remineralisation of artificial early enamel lesions adjacent to orthodontic brackets. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15132. [PMID: 32934335 PMCID: PMC7493957 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72185-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Enamel demineralisation can occur as a side effect during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the self-assembling peptide P11-4 for remineralisation combined with fluorides, compared to application of fluoride varnish alone. De- and remineralisation was assessed by Quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF). Orthodontic brackets were bonded on 108 human enamel samples and white spot lesions were created. The samples were allocated randomly into three groups: Group I received no treatment, group II had a single application of fluoride varnish (22,600 ppm), and group III was treated with P11-4 following a single application of fluoride varnish. Quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) measurements were performed at baseline, after demineralisation and after storage in remineralisation solution for 7 and 30 days. Non-parametric tests (Kruskal-Wallis test and Friedman test) were used for further analysis. After demineralisation, all samples showed a median ΔF -9.38% ± 2.79. After 30 days median ΔF values were as followed: group I = -9.04% ± 2.51, group II = -7.89 ± 2.07, group III = -6.08% ± 2.79). The median ΔF values differed significantly between all groups at all investigation times (p < 0.00001). Application of P11-4 with fluoride varnish was superior to the use of fluorides alone for remineralisation of enamel adjacent to brackets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Jablonski-Momeni
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, Philipps University of Marburg, Georg-Voigt-Str. 3, 35039, Marburg, Germany.
| | - R Nothelfer
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, Philipps University of Marburg, Georg-Voigt-Str. 3, 35039, Marburg, Germany
| | - M Morawietz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems IMWS, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - A Kiesow
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems IMWS, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - H Korbmacher-Steiner
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, Philipps University of Marburg, Georg-Voigt-Str. 3, 35039, Marburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shirozaki MU, da Silva RAB, Romano FL, da Silva LAB, De Rossi A, Lucisano MP, Messora MR, Feres M, Novaes Júnior AB. Clinical, microbiological, and immunological evaluation of patients in corrective orthodontic treatment. Prog Orthod 2020; 21:6. [PMID: 32064567 PMCID: PMC7024686 DOI: 10.1186/s40510-020-00307-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The objective was to analyze clinical, microbiological, and immunological periodontal parameters in patients in corrective orthodontic treatment. Materials and methods Twenty-eight patients were selected. Plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), width of keratinized gingiva, levels of 40 bacterial species, and of 3 cytokines (IL-1β, MMP-8, and TNF-α) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were evaluated at T0, before orthodontic treatment; T1, 6 months; and T2, 12 months post-treatment. Non-parametric, Friedman, Wilcoxon, ANOVA, and Spearman correlation coefficient tests were used for statistical analyses, with the significance level of 5%. Results No significant difference was found for the width of keratinized gingiva, but PI presented a significant increase at T1 and T2 (p < 0.05) when compared with T0. The percentage of sites with BOP increased significantly from T0 to T1 (p < 0.05); however, at T2, the values decreased and did not differ anymore from T0 (p > 0.05). In the microbiological analysis, red complex pathogens were in significantly greater proportions in T2 compared with T0 (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the cytokine levels between the periods but there was a positive correlation between BOP and IL-1β (r = 0.49 p = .01) and TNF-α (r = 0.39 and p = .05). Conclusion In conclusion, corrective orthodontic treatment caused clinical periodontal alterations regarding biofilm accumulation and gingival bleeding, with alteration of periodontopathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Umekita Shirozaki
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café S/N, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Raquel Assed Bezerra da Silva
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café S/N, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Fábio Lourenço Romano
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café S/N, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Léa Assed Bezerra da Silva
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café S/N, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Andiara De Rossi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café S/N, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Marília Pacífico Lucisano
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café S/N, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil.
| | - Michel Reis Messora
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café S/N, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Magda Feres
- Department of Periodontology, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Arthur Belém Novaes Júnior
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café S/N, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Longoni JN, Lopes BMV, Freires IA, Dutra KL, Franco A, Paranhos LR. Self-ligating versus conventional metallic brackets on Streptococcus mutans retention: A systematic review. Eur J Dent 2019; 11:537-547. [PMID: 29279684 PMCID: PMC5727743 DOI: 10.4103/ejd.ejd_132_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The present study aimed to review the literature systematically and assess comparatively whether self-ligating metallic brackets accumulate less Streptococcus mutans biofilm than conventional metallic brackets. Material and methods: The systematic search was performed following PRISMA guidelines and registration in PROSPERO. Seven electronic databases (Google Scholar, LILACS, Open Grey, PubMed, SciELO, ScienceDirect, and Scopus) were consulted until April 2016, with no restriction of language and time of publication. Only randomized clinical studies verifying S. mutans colonization in metallic brackets (self-ligating and conventional) were included. All steps were performed independently by two operators. Results: The search resulted in 546 records obtained from the electronic databases. Additionally, 216 references obtained from the manual search of eligible articles were assessed. Finally, a total of 5 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. In 1 study, the total bacterial count was not different among self-ligating and conventional brackets, whereas in 2 studies the amount was lower for self-ligating brackets. Regarding the specific count of S. mutans, 2 studies showed less accumulation in self-ligating than in conventional brackets. Conclusion: Based on the limited evidence, self-ligating metallic brackets accumulate less S. mutans than conventional ones. However, these findings must be interpreted in conjunction with particularities individual for each patient – such as hygiene and dietary habits, which are components of the multifactorial environment that enables S. Mutans to proliferate and keep retained in the oral cavity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliano N Longoni
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Sacred Heart (USC - Universidade do Sagrado Coração), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Beatriz M V Lopes
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Sacred Heart (USC - Universidade do Sagrado Coração), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Irlan A Freires
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Kamile L Dutra
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina(UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Ademir Franco
- Department of Stomatology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Luiz R Paranhos
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Lagarto, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Behnaz M, Dalaie K, Mirmohammadsadeghi H, Salehi H, Rakhshan V, Aslani F. Shear bond strength and adhesive remnant index of orthodontic brackets bonded to enamel using adhesive systems mixed with TiO2 nanoparticles. Dental Press J Orthod 2018; 23:43.e1-43.e7. [PMID: 30304159 PMCID: PMC6150699 DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.23.4.43.e1-7.onl] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It is recently suggested that titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles can be added to bracket luting agents in order to reduce bacterial activity and protect the enamel. However, it is not known if this addition can affect the shear bond strength (SBS) below clinically acceptable levels. Therefore, this study examined this matter within a comprehensive setup. METHODS This in vitro experimental study was conducted on 120 extracted human premolars randomly divided into four groups (n=30): in groups 1 and 2, Transbond XT light-cured composite with or without TiO2 was applied on bracket base; in groups 3 and 4, Resilience light-cured composite with or without TiO2 was used. Brackets were bonded to teeth. Specimens in each group (n=30) were divided into three subgroups of 10 each; then incubated at 37°C for one day, one month, or three months. The SBS and adhesive remnant index (ARI) were calculated and compared statistically within groups. RESULTS The SBS was not significantly different at one day, one month or three months (p>0.05) but composites without TiO2 had a significantly higher mean SBS than composites containing TiO2 (p<0.001). The SBS of Transbond XT was significantly higher than that of Resilience (p<0.001). No significant differences were noted in ARI scores based on the type of composite or addition of TiO2 (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Addition of TiO2 nanoparticles to Transbond XT decreased its SBS to the level of SBS of Resilience without TiO2; thus, TiO2 nanoparticles may be added to Transbond XT composite for use in the clinical setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Behnaz
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Dentofacial Deformities Research Center (Tehran, Iran).Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesResearch Institute of Dental SciencesDentofacial Deformities Research CenterTehranIran
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontic (Tehran, Iran).Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesSchool of DentistryDepartment of OrthodonticTehranIran
| | - Kazem Dalaie
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontic (Tehran, Iran).Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesSchool of DentistryDepartment of OrthodonticTehranIran
| | - Hoori Mirmohammadsadeghi
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontic (Tehran, Iran).Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesSchool of DentistryDepartment of OrthodonticTehranIran
| | | | | | - Farzin Aslani
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontic (Tehran, Iran).Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesSchool of DentistryDepartment of OrthodonticTehranIran
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tupinambá RA, Claro CADA, Pereira CA, Nobrega CJP, Claro APRA. Bacterial adhesion on conventional and self-ligating metallic brackets after surface treatment with plasma-polymerized hexamethyldisiloxane. Dental Press J Orthod 2018; 22:77-85. [PMID: 28902253 PMCID: PMC5573014 DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.22.4.077-085.oar] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Plasma-polymerized film deposition was created to modify metallic orthodontic brackets surface properties in order to inhibit bacterial adhesion. Methods: Hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) polymer films were deposited on conventional (n = 10) and self-ligating (n = 10) stainless steel orthodontic brackets using the Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) radio frequency technique. The samples were divided into two groups according to the kind of bracket and two subgroups after surface treatment. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis was performed to assess the presence of bacterial adhesion over samples surfaces (slot and wings region) and film layer integrity. Surface roughness was assessed by Confocal Interferometry (CI) and surface wettability, by goniometry. For bacterial adhesion analysis, samples were exposed for 72 hours to a Streptococcus mutans solution for biofilm formation. The values obtained for surface roughness were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test while biofilm adhesion were assessed by Kruskal-Wallis and SNK test. Results: Significant statistical differences (p< 0.05) for surface roughness and bacterial adhesion reduction were observed on conventional brackets after surface treatment and between conventional and self-ligating brackets; no significant statistical differences were observed between self-ligating groups (p> 0.05). Conclusion: Plasma-polymerized film deposition was only effective on reducing surface roughness and bacterial adhesion in conventional brackets. It was also noted that conventional brackets showed lower biofilm adhesion than self-ligating brackets despite the absence of film.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rogerio Amaral Tupinambá
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Engenharia, Departamento de Materiais (Guaratinguetá/SP, Brasil)
| | | | - Cristiane Aparecida Pereira
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia (São José dos Campos/SP, Brasil)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ghasemi T, Arash V, Rabiee SM, Rajabnia R, Pourzare A, Rakhshan V. Antimicrobial effect, frictional resistance, and surface roughness of stainless steel orthodontic brackets coated with nanofilms of silver and titanium oxide: a preliminary study. Microsc Res Tech 2017; 80:599-607. [PMID: 28181353 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Nano-silver and nano-titanium oxide films can be coated over brackets in order to reduce bacterial aggregation and friction. However, their antimicrobial efficacy, surface roughness, and frictional resistance are not assessed before. Fifty-five stainless-steel brackets were divided into 5 groups of 11 brackets each: uncoated brackets, brackets coated with 60 µm silver, 100 µm silver, 60 µm titanium, and 100 µm titanium. Coating was performed using physical vapor deposition method. For friction test, three brackets from each group were randomly selected and tested. For scanning electron microscopy and atomic-force microscopy assessments, one and one brackets were selected from each group. For antibacterial assessment, six brackets were selected from each group. Of them, three were immediately subjected to direct contact with S. mutans. Colonies were counted 3, 6, 24, and 48 h of contact. The other three were stored in water for 3 months. Then were subjected to a similar direct contact test. Results pertaining to both subgroups were combined. Groups were compared statistically. Mean (SD) friction values of the groups 'control, silver-60, silver-100, titanium-60, and titanium-100' were 0.55 ± 0.14, 0.77 ± 0.08, 0.82 ± 0.11, 1.52 ± 0.24, and 1.57 ± 0.41 N, respectively (p = .0004, Kruskal-Wallis). Titanium frictions were significantly greater than control (p < .05), but silver groups were not (p > .05, Dunn). In the uncoated group, colony count increased exponentially within 48 h. The coated groups showed significant reductions in colony count (p < .05, two-way-repeated-measures ANOVA). In conclusions, all four explained coatings reduce surface roughness and bacterial growth. Nano-titanium films are not suitable for friction reduction. Nano-silver results were not conclusive and need future larger studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tania Ghasemi
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Valiollah Arash
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental material research center, Faculty of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Ramazan Rajabnia
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Amirhosein Pourzare
- Department of Material Engineering, Babol University of Technology, Babol, Iran
| | - Vahid Rakhshan
- Department of Dental Anatomy, Dental School, Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Arnold S, Koletsi D, Patcas R, Eliades T. The effect of bracket ligation on the periodontal status of adolescents undergoing orthodontic treatment. A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dent 2016; 54:13-24. [PMID: 27546466 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVES This systematic review aimed to critically appraise the evidence regarding the effect of bracket ligation type on the periodontal conditions of adolescents undergoing orthodontic treatment. DATA Search terms included randomized controlled trial (RCTs), controlled clinical trials, ligation, bracket, periodontal, inflammation. Risk of bias assessment was made using the Cochrane risk of bias tool and the quality of evidence was assessed with GRADE. SOURCES Electronic Database search of published and unpublished literature was performed without language restriction in May 25, 2016 (MEDLINE via Pubmed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Clinical Trials.gov and National Research Register). STUDY SELECTION Of 140 articles initially retrieved, 8 were eligible for inclusion in the systematic review, while 4 RCTs with unclear risk of bias were included in the quantitative synthesis, all comparing self-ligating to conventional steel ligated brackets. Random effects meta-analyses were implemented. At 4-6 weeks after bracket placement there was no evidence to support the use of either type of bracket for achieving improved plaque- (PI) and gingival index (GI). At 3-6 months, there was scarce evidence of greater PI increase for conventional brackets. GI and pocket depth pooled estimates did not reveal significant differences between the two systems. The quality of the evidence was moderate according to GRADE for all outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Overall, non-significant differences on the periodontal status of adolescents undergoing orthodontic treatment with either conventional or self-ligating brackets were detected. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The periodontal status of adolescents undergoing orthodontic treatment is of considerable importance. The synthesis of the available evidence on oral hygiene related factors will provide insights to best clinical practice during the course of orthodontic treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sina Arnold
- Clinic of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Despina Koletsi
- Clinic of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Raphael Patcas
- Clinic of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Theodore Eliades
- Clinic of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bergamo AZN, Nelson-Filho P, Andrucioli MCD, do Nascimento C, Pedrazzi V, Matsumoto MAN. Microbial complexes levels in conventional and self-ligating brackets. Clin Oral Investig 2016; 21:1037-1046. [PMID: 27270902 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-1865-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims were to evaluate the levels of bacterial species in saliva and in situ and to assess whether the design of brackets influences the risk of developing periodontal disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty patients (13.3 mean age) were bonded with self-ligating brackets and a conventional bracket. Saliva was collected before bonding and 30 and 60 days after bonding. One sample of each bracket was removed 30 and 60 days after bonding. The analysis was determined by checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization. The data was evaluated by the non-parametric test. RESULTS A significant increase in the levels of bacterial species in the saliva occurred in 15 of the 22 analyzed species. The self-ligating brackets presented the highest incidence percentages for the orange and red complexes 60 days after bonding. In situ analyses showed different patterns according to the bracket design. The levels of Campylobacter rectus showed significant differences (p = 0.011) 60 days after bonding among the three brackets; the highest values were observed in the In-Ovation®R bracket. CONCLUSIONS The bracket design seems to influence the levels of bacterial species involved in periodontal disease. Considering the wide variety of bacterial species, additional studies are needed to aid in the establishment of effective protocols to prevent the development of periodontal disease during orthodontic treatment. CLINICAL RELEVANCE A dynamic alteration in the oral microbiota may lead to inflammatory reactions in the supporting soft and hard tissues. The different types of brackets interfere with bacterial adherence. Bracket design should be considered in orthodontic treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Zilda Nazar Bergamo
- Department of Pediatric Clinic, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, S/N, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, CEP: 14040-904, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Nelson-Filho
- Department of Pediatric Clinic, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, S/N, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, CEP: 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Marcela Cristina Damião Andrucioli
- Department of Pediatric Clinic, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, S/N, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, CEP: 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Cássio do Nascimento
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Pedrazzi
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mírian Aiko Nakane Matsumoto
- Department of Pediatric Clinic, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, S/N, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, CEP: 14040-904, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Oliveira AS, Kaizer MR, Azevedo MS, Ogliari FA, Cenci MS, Moraes RR. (Super)hydrophobic coating of orthodontic dental devices and reduction of early oral biofilm retention. Biomed Mater 2015; 10:065004. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/10/6/065004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
17
|
Taurine Haloamines and Biofilm: II. Efficacy of Taurine Bromamine and Chlorhexidine Against Selected Microorganisms of Oral Biofilm. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 803:133-43. [PMID: 25833494 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-15126-7_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
|
18
|
Zhu P, Lin H, Han Y, Lin Y, Xu Y, Zhang Z. A computational fluid dynamic analysis of peri-bracket salivary flow influencing the microbial and periodontal parameters. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62242. [PMID: 23620815 PMCID: PMC3631146 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Fixed vestibular appliances decrease the “self-cleansing” action of saliva and promote aggregation of dental plaque by disturbing the salivary flow field on tooth surfaces, leading to a higher prevalence of enamel demineralization and periodontal diseases. In the current study, we investigated the salivary dynamic characteristics of plaque retention and periodontal status around appliances during orthodontic treatment. By reconstructing lower central incisors and orthodontic appliances, we simulated saliva flow on the tooth surface and then characterized and quantified the salivary flow pattern surrounding the bracket and archwire. In parallel, we tested the total peri-bracket bacterial counts and periodontal status to assess interrelations. Our results demonstrate that orthodontic appliances disturb the salivary flow field on tooth surfaces and can lead to a decrease in salivary velocity and an increase in bacterial numbers. Local vortexes forming in the areas gingival to the bracket, together with the narrow space limitation, contributed to the periodontal inflammatory response. This study confirms that changes in salivary flow are an obvious predisposing factor for bacterial accumulation, and advances the ability to replicate, invitro, the salivary characteristics of plaque retention and periodontal status around appliances during orthodontic treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhu
- Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Han Lin
- Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Han
- Department of Applied Mechanics and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Lin
- Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Xu
- Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
| | - Zhaoqiang Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Saloom HF, Mohammed-Salih HS, Rasheed SF. The influence of different types of fixed orthodontic appliance on the growth and adherence of microorganisms (in vitro study). J Clin Exp Dent 2013; 5:e36-41. [PMID: 24455049 PMCID: PMC3892232 DOI: 10.4317/jced.50988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 10/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Orthodontic appliances serve as different impact zones and modify microbial adherence and colonization, acting as foreign reserves and possible sources of infection. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of different types of fixed orthodontic appliances on the growth and adherence of microorganisms in oral flora which are Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Candida albicans. Sixty-four of four different fixed orthodontic appliance-samples were used, divided into four groups of sixteen. Type I: Sapphire brackets- Coated wires, type II: Sapphire brackets- Stainless steel wires, type III: Stainless steel brackets- Coated wires and type IV: Stainless steel brackets- Stainless steel wires. Oral strains of S. mutans and Candida albicans were studied in the present study using biochemical test then microbial suspensions were prepared to do the tests of each microorganism including the antimicrobial effects of different appliance-samples on the growth of microorganisms and their adhesion tests. The results showed significant differences between the different appliances in terms of inhibition zone formation (P<0.001). The adhesion test, which is classified into low, medium and high, showed the adhesion of S. mutans, is low with type I and II, medium with type III and high with type IV, whereas the adhesion of Candida albicans is medium with both type I and II and high with both type III and IV with high significant differences (P<0.001). Appliance with high esthetic appearance, sapphire brackets and coated arch wire, showed the least adherence of S. mutans and Candida albicans in comparison to other appliances with less esthetic and more metal components.
Key words:Orthodontic appliance, Adherence, Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hayder F Saloom
- BDS, MSc. Assistant Profesor of Orthodontics. Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Baghdad University
| | - Harraa S Mohammed-Salih
- BDS, MSc. Assistant lecturer of Orthodontics. Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Baghdad University
| | - Shaymaa F Rasheed
- BSc, MSc. Assistant Lecturer of Microbiology. Department of Biology, College of Science, Baghdad University
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Reichert C, Hagner M, Jepsen S, Jäger A. Interfaces between orthodontic and periodontal treatment: their current status. J Orofac Orthop 2012; 72:165-86. [PMID: 21744196 DOI: 10.1007/s00056-011-0023-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The contextual relationships between orthodontics and periodontology are diverse and complex. While the consequences of orthodontic tooth movements are discussed in terms of possible damage and improvements in the long-term health of periodontal tissues orthodontic treatment of adults is a routine clinical procedure nowadays, even in patients presenting already-damaged periodontal tissues. As developments in both fields have been so rapid, there is a constant need for evidence-based concepts in this interdisciplinary field. The goal of this review was to discuss the latest aspects of interdisciplinary treatment and to reflect on the latest developments in research. A treatment scheme is also presented which aims to facilitate coordination of the orthodontic treatment of patients with periodontal diseases.
Collapse
|
21
|
Ryu HS, Bae IH, Lee KG, Hwang HS, Lee KH, Koh JT, Cho JH. Antibacterial effect of silver-platinum coating for orthodontic appliances. Angle Orthod 2012; 82:151-157. [PMID: 21810004 PMCID: PMC8881025 DOI: 10.2319/021411-111.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a hard coating for stainless surfaces based on silver (Ag)-platinum (Pt) alloys. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ag-Pt alloys, which have high degree of biocompatibility, excellent resistance to sterilization conditions, and antibacterial properties to different bacteria, are associated with long-term antibacterial efficiency. Approximately 1.03-µm to 2.34-µm-thick coatings, as determined by scanning electron microscopy, were deposited on stainless surfaces by the simultaneous vaporization of both metals (Ag and Pt) in an inert argon atmosphere. The coating was done by physical vapor deposition. Microorganisms and eukaryotic culture cells were grown on these surfaces. RESULTS The coatings released sufficient Ag ions when immersed in phosphate-buffered saline and showed significant antimicrobial potency against Streptococcus mutans and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans strains. At the same time, human gingival fibroblast cells were not adversely affected. CONCLUSION Ag-Pt coatings on load-bearing orthodontic bracket surfaces can provide suitable antimicrobial activity during active orthodontic treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hwang-Sog Ryu
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Garcez AS, Suzuki SS, Ribeiro MS, Mada EY, Freitas AZ, Suzuki H. Biofilm retention by 3 methods of ligation on orthodontic brackets: A microbiologic and optical coherence tomography analysis. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2011; 140:e193-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2011.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2010] [Revised: 04/01/2011] [Accepted: 04/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
23
|
Marshall SD, Currier GF, Hatch NE, Huang GJ, Nah HD, Owens SE, Shroff B, Southard TE, Suri L, Turpin DL. Self-ligating bracket claims. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2010; 138:128-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2010.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|