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Mierzati M, Miyahara Y, Curial B, Nomura CT, Taguchi S, Abe H, Tsuge T. Tacticity Characterization of Biosynthesized Polyhydroxyalkanoates Containing ( S)- and ( R)-3-Hydroxy-2-Methylpropionate Units. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:444-454. [PMID: 38135668 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), aliphatic polyesters synthesized by microorganisms, have gained considerable attention as biodegradable plastics. Recently, α-carbon-methylated PHAs have been shown to exhibit several interesting properties that differ from those of conventional PHAs, such as their crystallization behavior and material properties. This study investigated α-carbon methylated (S)- and (R)-3-hydroxy-2-methylpropionate (3H2MP) as new repeating units. 3H2MP units were homopolymerized or copolymerized with (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB) by manipulating the culture conditions of recombinant Escherichia coli LSBJ. Consequently, PHAs with 3H2MP units ranging from 5 to 100 mol % were synthesized by external addition of (R)- and (S)-enantiomers or the racemic form of 3H2MPNa. The (S)-3H2MP precursor supplemented into the culture medium was almost directly polymerized into PHA while maintaining its chirality. Therefore, a highly isotactic P(3H2MP) (R:S = 1:99) was synthesized, which displayed a melting temperature of 114-119 °C and a relatively high enthalpy of fusion (68 J/g). In contrast, in cultures supplemented with (R)-3H2MP, the precursor was racemized and polymerized into PHA, resulting in the synthesis of the amorphous polymer atactic P(3H2MP) (R:S = 40:60). However, racemization was not observed at a low concentration of the (R)-3H2MP precursor, thereby synthesizing P(3HB-co-8 mol % 3H2MP) with 100% (R)-3H2MP units. The thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the thermal degradation temperatures at 5% weight loss of P(3H2MP)s occurred at approximately 313 °C, independent of tacticity, which is substantially higher than that of P(3HB) (257 °C). This study demonstrates a new concept for controlling the physical properties of biosynthesized PHA by manipulating the polymers' tacticity using 3H2MP units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maierwufu Mierzati
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8502, Japan
| | - Yuki Miyahara
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8502, Japan
| | - Blanche Curial
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8502, Japan
| | - Christopher T Nomura
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Dr, Moscow, Idaho 83844-3010, United States
| | - Seiichi Taguchi
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Hideki Abe
- Bioplastic Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takeharu Tsuge
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8502, Japan
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2
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Using runaway replication to express polyhydroxyalkanoic acid (pha) genes from a novel marine bacterium in enteric bacteria: The influence of temperature and phasins on PHA accumulation. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275597. [PMID: 36477445 PMCID: PMC9728866 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
While plastics have revolutionized our world, plastic waste has serious environmental and economic impacts. Polyhydroxyalkanoic acid (PHA) is a bacterial carbon and energy reserve shown to be both biodegradable and biocompatible and could potentially replace conventional plastics. However, cost-effective mass production remains elusive. Bacteria often accumulate PHA as cytoplasmic granules. PHA synthase creates the PHA polymer from acetoacyl-CoA monomers, while phasins are small multifunctional proteins that are found in abundance on the granule surface. The PHA synthase gene from a novel marine isolate, Vibrio B-18 (or B-18), was placed in the presence or absence of an upstream phasin gene in a runaway replication plasmid using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology. Plasmid gene expression may be induced chemically or thermally. Overexpression of the PHA genes was demonstrated by SDS-PAGE analysis, and microscopy was used to detect PHA accumulation in three different enteric bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella aerogenes, and Shigella flexneri). While the B-18 genes were clearly overexpressed at 41°C, PHA accumulation occurred more readily at the lower (30°C) non-inducing temperature regardless of chemical induction if the phasin gene was present. A mutational analysis confirmed the identity of the start codon for the PHA synthase gene and provided evidence supporting the requirement for phasins to allow for PHA accumulation in the recombinant hosts. The findings described in this study confirm the conclusions obtained from related studies from other laboratories and lend support to the importance of including a phasin gene in addition to the basic genes needed for PHA synthesis and accumulation in recombinant enteric bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella aerogenes, and Shigella flexneri.
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Liu X, Li D, Yan X, Zhang Z, Zheng S, Zhang J, Huang W, Wu F, Li F, Chen GQ. Rapid Quantification of Polyhydroxyalkanoates Accumulated in Living Cells Based on Green Fluorescence Protein-Labeled Phasins: The qPHA Method. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:4153-4166. [PMID: 35786865 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are microbial polyesters that have the potential to replace nonbiodegradable petroplastics. A real-time in situ PHA quantification method has long been awaited to replace the traditional method, which is time- and labor-consuming. Quantification of PHA in living cells was finally developed from fluorescence intensities generated from the green fluorescence protein (GFP) fused with the Halomonas bluephagenesis phasin proteins. Phasins PhaP1 and PhaP2 were used to fuse with GFP, which reflected PHA accumulation with an R-square of over 0.9. Also, a standard correlation was established to calculate PHA contents based on the fluorescence and cell density recorded via a microplate reader with an R-square of over 0.95 when grown on various substrates. The PhaP2-GFP containing H. bluephagenesis was applied successfully to quantify PHA synthesis in a 7.5 L fermenter with high precision. Moreover, the method was found to be feasible in non-natural PHA producers such as Escherichia coli, demonstrating its broad applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Liu
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Dianjie Li
- Center for Quantitative Biology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xu Yan
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zonghao Zhang
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shuang Zheng
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jingpeng Zhang
- Center for Quantitative Biology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wuzhe Huang
- PhaBuilder Biotech Co., Ltd., Shunyi District, Zhaoquanying, Beijing 101309, China
| | - Fuqing Wu
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Fangting Li
- Center for Quantitative Biology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Chen
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,MOE Key Lab for Industrial Biocatalysis, Department Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Ceneviva LVS, Mierzati M, Miyahara Y, Nomura CT, Taguchi S, Abe H, Tsuge T. Poly(3-mercapto-2-methylpropionate), a Novel α-Methylated Bio-Polythioester with Rubber-like Elasticity, and Its Copolymer with 3-hydroxybutyrate: Biosynthesis and Characterization. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9050228. [PMID: 35621506 PMCID: PMC9137767 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9050228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A new polythioester (PTE), poly(3-mercapto-2-methylpropionate) [P(3M2MP)], and its copolymer with 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB) were successfully biosynthesized from 3-mercapto-2-methylpropionic acid as a structurally-related precursor. This is the fourth PTE of biological origin and the first to be α-methylated. P(3M2MP) was biosynthesized using an engineered Escherichia coli LSBJ, which has a high molecular weight, amorphous structure, and elastomeric properties, reaching 2600% elongation at break. P(3HB-co-3M2MP) copolymers were synthesized by expressing 3HB-supplying enzymes. The copolymers were produced with high content in the cells and showed a high 3M2MP unit incorporation of up to 77.2 wt% and 54.8 mol%, respectively. As the 3M2MP fraction in the copolymer increased, the molecular weight decreased and the polymers became softer, more flexible, and less crystalline, with lower glass transition temperatures and higher elongations at break. The properties of this PTE were distinct from those of previously biosynthesized PTEs, indicating that the range of material properties can be further expanded by introducing α-methylated thioester monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Vinicius Santini Ceneviva
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan; (L.V.S.C.); (M.M.); (Y.M.)
| | - Maierwufu Mierzati
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan; (L.V.S.C.); (M.M.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yuki Miyahara
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan; (L.V.S.C.); (M.M.); (Y.M.)
| | - Christopher T. Nomura
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Dr., Moscow, ID 83844-3010, USA;
| | - Seiichi Taguchi
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan;
| | - Hideki Abe
- Bioplastic Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan;
| | - Takeharu Tsuge
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan; (L.V.S.C.); (M.M.); (Y.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Saito S, Imai R, Miyahara Y, Nakagawa M, Orita I, Tsuge T, Fukui T. Biosynthesis of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate- co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) From Glucose by Escherichia coli Through Butyryl-CoA Formation Driven by Ccr-Emd Combination. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:888973. [PMID: 35646875 PMCID: PMC9134075 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.888973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-(R)-3-hydroxyhexanoate] [P(3HB-co-3HHx)] is a practical kind of bacterial polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). A previous study has established an artificial pathway for the biosynthesis of P(3HB-co-3HHx) from structurally unrelated sugars in Ralstonia eutropha, in which crotonyl-CoA carboxylase/reductase (Ccr) and ethylmalonyl-CoA decarboxylase (Emd) are a key combination for generation of butyryl-CoA and the following chain elongation. This study focused on the installation of the artificial pathway into Escherichia coli. The recombinant strain of E. coli JM109 harboring 11 heterologous genes including Ccr and Emd produced P(3HB-co-3HHx) composed of 14 mol% 3HHx with 41 wt% of dry cellular weight from glucose. Further investigations revealed that the C6 monomer (R)-3HHx-CoA was not supplied by (R)-specific reduction of 3-oxohexanoyl-CoA but by (R)-specific hydration of 2-hexenoyl-CoA formed through reverse β-oxidation after the elongation from C4 to C6. While contribution of the reverse β-oxidation to the conversion of the C4 intermediates was very limited, crotonyl-CoA, a precursor of butyryl-CoA, was generated by dehydration of (R)-3HB-CoA. Several modifications previously reported for enhancement of bioproduction in E. coli were examined for the copolyester synthesis. Elimination of the global regulator Cra or PdhR as well as the block of acetate formation resulted in poor PHA synthesis. The strain lacking RNase G accumulated more PHA but with almost no 3HHx unit. Introduction of the phosphite oxidation system for regeneration of NADPH led to copolyester synthesis with the higher cellular content and higher 3HHx composition by two-stage cultivation with phosphite than those in the absence of phosphite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Saito
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ryu Imai
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuki Miyahara
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Mari Nakagawa
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Izumi Orita
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takeharu Tsuge
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Fukui
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
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6
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Rekhi P, Goswami M, Ramakrishna S, Debnath M. Polyhydroxyalkanoates biopolymers toward decarbonizing economy and sustainable future. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 42:668-692. [PMID: 34645360 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1960265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Polymers are synonymous with the modern way of living. However, polymers with a large carbon footprint, especially those derived from nonrenewable petrochemical sources, are increasingly perceived as detrimental to the environment and a sustainable future. Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is a microbial biopolymer and a plausible alternative for renewable sources. However, PHA in its monomeric forms has very limited applications due to its limited flexibility, tensile strength, and moldability. Herein, the life cycle of PHA molecules, from biosynthesis to commercial utilization for diverse applications is discussed. For clarity, the applications of this bioplastic biocomposite material are further segregated into two domains, namely, the industrial sector and the medical sector. The industry sectors reviewed here include food packaging, textiles, agriculture, automotive, and electronics. High-value addition of PHA for a sustainable future can be foreseen in the medical domain. Properties such as biodegradability and biocompatibility make PHA a suitable candidate for decarbonizing biomaterials during tissue repair, organ reconstruction, drug delivery, bone tissue engineering, and chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavni Rekhi
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, India
| | - Moushmi Goswami
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, India
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mousumi Debnath
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, India
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7
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Furutate S, Abe H, Tsuge T. Thermal properties of poly(3-hydroxy-2-methylbutyrate-co-3-hydroxybutyrate) copolymers with narrow comonomer-unit compositional distributions. Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-021-00545-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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8
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Hori C, Oishi K, Matsumoto K, Taguchi S, Ooi T. Site-directed saturation mutagenesis of polyhydroxylalkanoate synthase for efficient microbial production of poly[(R)-2-hydroxybutyrate]. J Biosci Bioeng 2018; 125:632-636. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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9
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Biosynthesis and characterization of novel polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymers consisting of 3-hydroxy-2-methylbutyrate and 3-hydroxyhexanoate. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-017-1392-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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10
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Genome sequence and analysis of Escherichia coli production strain LS5218. Metab Eng Commun 2017; 5:78-83. [PMID: 29188187 PMCID: PMC5699524 DOI: 10.1016/j.meteno.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli strain LS5218 is a useful host for the production of fatty acid derived products, but the genetics underlying this utility have not been fully investigated. Here, we report the genome sequence of LS5218 and a list of large mutations and single nucleotide permutations (SNPs) relative to E. coli K-12 strain MG1655. We discuss how genetic differences may affect the physiological differences between LS5218 and MG1655. We find that LS5218 is more closely related to E. coli strain NCM3722 and suspect that small genetic differences between K-12 derived strains may have a significant impact on metabolic engineering efforts.
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Maestro B, Sanz JM. Polyhydroxyalkanoate-associated phasins as phylogenetically heterogeneous, multipurpose proteins. Microb Biotechnol 2017; 10:1323-1337. [PMID: 28425176 PMCID: PMC5658603 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are natural polyesters of increasing biotechnological importance that are synthesized by many prokaryotic organisms as carbon and energy storage compounds in limiting growth conditions. PHAs accumulate intracellularly in form of inclusion bodies that are covered with a proteinaceous surface layer (granule-associated proteins or GAPs) conforming a network-like surface of structural, metabolic and regulatory polypeptides, and configuring the PHA granules as complex and well-organized subcellular structures that have been designated as 'carbonosomes'. GAPs include several enzymes related to PHA metabolism (synthases, depolymerases and hydroxylases) together with the so-called phasins, an heterogeneous group of small-size proteins that cover most of the PHA granule and that are devoid of catalytic functions but nevertheless play an essential role in granule structure and PHA metabolism. Structurally, phasins are amphiphilic proteins that shield the hydrophobic polymer from the cytoplasm. Here, we summarize the characteristics of the different phasins identified so far from PHA producer organisms and highlight the diverse opportunities that they offer in the Biotechnology field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Maestro
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y CelularUniversidad Miguel HernándezAv. Universidad s/nElche03202Spain
| | - Jesús M. Sanz
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y CelularUniversidad Miguel HernándezAv. Universidad s/nElche03202Spain
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12
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Vadlja D, Koller M, Novak M, Braunegg G, Horvat P. Footprint area analysis of binary imaged Cupriavidus necator cells to study PHB production at balanced, transient, and limited growth conditions in a cascade process. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:10065-10080. [PMID: 27695913 PMCID: PMC5102984 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7844-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Statistical distribution of cell and poly[3-(R)-hydroxybutyrate] (PHB) granule size and number of granules per cell are investigated for PHB production in a five-stage cascade (5CSTR). Electron microscopic pictures of cells from individual cascade stages (R1-R5) were converted to binary pictures to visualize footprint areas for polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) and non-PHA biomass. Results for each stage were correlated to the corresponding experimentally determined kinetics (specific growth rate μ and specific productivity π). Log-normal distribution describes PHA granule size dissimilarity, whereas for R1 and R4, gamma distribution best reflects the situation. R1, devoted to balanced biomass synthesis, predominately contains cells with rather small granules, whereas with increasing residence time τ, maximum and average granule sizes by trend increase, approaching an upper limit determined by the cell's geometry. Generally, an increase of intracellular PHA content and ratio of granule to cell area slow down along the cascade. Further, the number of granules per cell decreases with increasing τ. Data for μ and π obtained by binary picture analysis correlate well with the experimental results. The work describes long-term continuous PHA production under balanced, transient, and nutrient-deficient conditions, as well as their reflection on the granules size, granule number, and cell structure on the microscopic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Vadlja
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Martin Koller
- Office of Research Management and Service, c/o Institute of Chemistry, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28/III, 8010, Graz, Austria. .,ARENA Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Ressourcenschonende & Nachhaltige Technologien, Inffeldgasse 21b, 8010, Graz, Austria.
| | - Mario Novak
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gerhart Braunegg
- ARENA Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Ressourcenschonende & Nachhaltige Technologien, Inffeldgasse 21b, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Predrag Horvat
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
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13
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Tsuge T. Fundamental factors determining the molecular weight of polyhydroxyalkanoate during biosynthesis. Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1038/pj.2016.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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14
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Characterization of binding preference of polyhydroxyalkanoate biosynthesis-related multifunctional protein PhaM from Ralstonia eutropha. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:4413-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-7225-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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15
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Watanabe Y, Ishizuka K, Furutate S, Abe H, Tsuge T. Biosynthesis and characterization of novel poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxy-2-methylbutyrate): thermal behavior associated with α-carbon methylation. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra08003g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
3-Hydroxy-2-methylbutyrate (3H2MB) has been identified as a minor component of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) synthesized by bacteria living in activated sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoriko Watanabe
- Department of Innovative and Engineered Materials
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8502
- Japan
| | - Koya Ishizuka
- Department of Innovative and Engineered Materials
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8502
- Japan
| | - Sho Furutate
- Department of Innovative and Engineered Materials
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8502
- Japan
| | - Hideki Abe
- Department of Innovative and Engineered Materials
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8502
- Japan
- Bioplastic Research Team
| | - Takeharu Tsuge
- Department of Innovative and Engineered Materials
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8502
- Japan
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