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Chew RJJ, Tang YL, Lin XYS, Oh FJB, Sim RP, Anwar EJ, Preshaw PM, Tan KS. Toll-like receptor-4 activation by subgingival biofilm and periodontal treatment response. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:2139-2147. [PMID: 36719505 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-04877-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to investigate longitudinally the activation of Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) by subgingival biofilm samples before and after nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty periodontitis patients received NSPT and were reviewed 3 and 6 months post-treatment. Subgingival biofilm was sampled from 4 teeth per patient, at baseline and each follow-up time point. TLR-4 activation was determined using the HEK-BLUE™/hTLR4 system. Changes in TLR-4 activation and probing pocket depths (PPDs) were evaluated using generalised linear models, and the association between TLR-4 activation and pocket reduction (defined as 6-month PPDs ≤ 3mm) was determined using generalised estimating equations. RESULTS At 6 months, the mean TLR-4 activation by subgingival biofilm samples was significantly reduced from 11.2AU (95%CI 7.1AU, 15.4AU) to 3.6AU (95%CI 2.3AU, 4.8AU, p < 0.001), paralleling significant reductions in mean PPDs at sampled sites. The response to NSPT was associated with longitudinal TLR-4 activation profiles, with significantly higher TLR-4 activation by subgingival biofilm obtained from sites that did not achieve pocket reduction, compared to sites at which pocket reduction was achieved. CONCLUSIONS The activation of TLR-4 by subgingival biofilm samples was reduced after NSPT, and this reduction was significantly associated with the clinical improvements (PPD reductions) at sampled sites. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study demonstrated an association between the longitudinal profile of TLR-4 activation by subgingival biofilm and periodontal treatment response. Longitudinal monitoring of TLR-4 activation by subgingival biofilm may potentially identify non-responsive sites, enabling targeted additional treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Jie Jacob Chew
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, 9 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119085, Singapore
| | - Yi Ling Tang
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, 9 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119085, Singapore
| | - Xin Yi Sheena Lin
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, 9 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119085, Singapore
| | - Feng Jun Bryan Oh
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, 9 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119085, Singapore
| | - Ruiqi Paul Sim
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, 9 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119085, Singapore
| | - Erica Jade Anwar
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, 9 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119085, Singapore
| | - Philip M Preshaw
- School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, Park Place, Dundee, DD1 4HN, UK.
| | - Kai Soo Tan
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, 9 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119085, Singapore.
- Oral Care Health Innovations and Designs Singapore, National University of Singapore, 9 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119085, Singapore.
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Matsubara C, Shirobe M, Furuya J, Watanabe Y, Motokawa K, Edahiro A, Ohara Y, Awata S, Kim H, Fujiwara Y, Obuchi S, Hirano H, Minakuchi S. Effect of oral health intervention on cognitive decline in community-dwelling older adults: A randomized controlled trial. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2020; 92:104267. [PMID: 33035763 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2020.104267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The incidence of dementia is rapidly increasing worldwide, especially in developed countries. Little is known regarding the effectiveness of dental intervention to prevent dementia or a decline in cognitive functions among community-dwelling older adults, but a few studies have reported a correlation between the lack of regular dental checkups and dementia. For that reason, this study aimed to investigate the effects of oral health intervention on cognitive functions in community-dwelling subjects with a mild cognitive decline via a randomized controlled trial. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifty-five community-dwelling older adults with a Mini-Mental State Examination score of ≥21 to ≤26 who had not visited a dental clinic in the previous year were randomized to an intervention group (n = 28) or a control group (n = 29). The intervention group received monthly oral health intervention by dental hygienists for 8 months while the control group did not. Data on demographics, cognitive function and oral parameters were collected before and after the intervention. RESULTS Twenty-five subjects in the intervention group (mean age 77.0 years) and 25 in the control group (mean age 72.8 years) completed the study. Significant improvements were observed in the Trail Making Test (TMT)-A, TMT-B, bleeding on probing rate, oral diadochokinesis, tongue pressure and chewing ability in the intervention group (P < 0.05). There were also significant interactions between the TMT-A and TMT-B scores, oral diadochokinesis, tongue pressure and chewing ability (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Oral health intervention by dental hygienists may be effective for improving the oral health and executive function of cognitive function assessed via TMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiaki Matsubara
- Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Department of Gerontology and Gerodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan.
| | - Maki Shirobe
- Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Department of Gerontology and Gerodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan.
| | - Junichi Furuya
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Showa University School of Dentistry, 2-1-1 Kitasenzoku, Ohta-ku, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan.
| | - Yutaka Watanabe
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Nishi-7, Kita-13, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8586, Japan.
| | - Keiko Motokawa
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan.
| | - Ayako Edahiro
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan.
| | - Yuki Ohara
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan.
| | - Shuichi Awata
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan.
| | - Hunkyung Kim
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan.
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan.
| | - Shuichi Obuchi
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan.
| | - Hirohiko Hirano
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan.
| | - Shunsuke Minakuchi
- Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Department of Gerontology and Gerodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan.
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Abstract
Relevance. The modern view of periodontitis as a dysbiotic disease that occurs as a result of changes in the microbial composition of the subgingival region is considered in a systematic review.Purpose. To study a new paradigm of development of generalized periodontitis.Materials and methods. Randomized controlled trials (RCTS) were selected for the study, including cluster RCTS, controlled (non-randomized) microbiological and clinical studies of the oral microbiome in adult patients with generalized periodontitis over the past 10 years.Results. The transition from a symbiotic microflora to a dysbiotic pathogenic community triggers the host's inflammatory response, which contributes to the development of periodontal diseases. Modern ideas about periodontal pathogenic bacteria dictate new requirements for the treatment of periodontal diseases. The second part of the review examines the microbial profiles of periodontal disease in various nosological forms, the mechanisms of the immune response and approaches to the treatment of periodontal disease from the perspective of biofilm infection.Conclusions. As follows from modern literature periodontitis is to a certain extent caused by the transition from a harmonious symbiotic bacterial community to a dysbiotic one. Recent scientific studies have shown that not single microorganism is not able to cause disease but the microbial community as a whole leads to the development of pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. S. Slazhneva
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov
| | - E. A. Tikhomirova
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov
| | - V. G. Atrushkevich
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov
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Slazhneva ES, Tikhomirova EA, Atrushkevich VG. Periodontopathogens: a new view. Systematic review. Part 1. Pediatr Dent 2020. [DOI: 10.33925/1683-3031-2020-20-1-70-76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Relevance. The modern view of periodontitis as a dysbiotic disease that occurs as a result of changes in the microbial composition of the subgingival region is considered in a systematic review. Purpose. To study a new paradigm of development of generalized periodontitis. Materials and methods. Randomized controlled trials (RCTS) were selected for the study, including cluster RCTS, controlled (non-randomized) microbiological and clinical studies of the oral microbiome in adult patients with generalized periodontitis over the past 10 years. Results. The development of periodontal dysbiosis occurs over a period of time, which slowly turns the symbiotic association of the host and microbe into a pathogenic one. This review examines the current paradigm of periodontitis progression, which calls into question the traditional concept of a disease induced by several particular periodontal pathogens belonging to the red complex.Conclusions. As follows from modern literature periodontitis is to a certain extent caused by the transition from a harmonious symbiotic bacterial community to a dysbiotic one. Recent scientific studies have shown that not single microorganism is not able to cause disease but the microbial community as a whole leads to the development of pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. S. Slazhneva
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov
| | - E. A. Tikhomirova
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov
| | - V. G. Atrushkevich
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov
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Md Tahir K, Ab Malek AH, Vaithilingam RD, Saub R, Safii SH, Rahman MT, Abdul Razak F, Alabsi AM, Baharuddin NA. Impact of non-surgical periodontal therapy on serum Resistin and periodontal pathogen in periodontitis patients with obesity. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:52. [PMID: 32059714 PMCID: PMC7023789 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-1039-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) known as gold standard treatment in managing periodontitis. The aim of this study was to investigate the response of NSPT in periodontitis subjects who were obese. Clinical parameters of periodontitis, changes in serum resistin and periodontal pathogens in subgingival plaque were compared before and after NSPT in periodontitis subjects who were obese and with normal weight. METHODS A total of 48 periodontitis subjects (obese, n = 18; normal weight, n = 30) were recruited (hereafter will be referred as participants) to participate into a prospective, before and after clinical trial. Obesity status is defined by body mass index (BMI) criteria (obese: ≥30 kg/ m2; normal weight < 25 kg/m2). Visible Plaque Index (VPI), Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD) and Clinical Attachment Loss (CAL) were recorded; and serum and plaque were collected at baseline and following 12 weeks post-NSPT. Serum resistin level was analyzed using enzyme-linked immune-sorbant assay (ELISA), while detection of periodontal pathogens in dental plaque were carried out using real time PCR (qPCR). RESULTS Following NSPT, means VPI and GBI showed significant improvement between obese and normal weight groups (p < 0.05), but no difference in means PPD and CAL was observed between groups. Obesity remained as a predictor for VPI and GBI after adjusting for smoking habit. No significant difference was observed in serum resistin level and mean counts for P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, and P. intermedia between obese and normal weight groups following NSPT. CONCLUSIONS Regardless of obesity status, NSPT has a significant impact on VPI and GBI in periodontitis subjects. However, the impact of NSPT towards serum resistin and periodontal pathogens was non-significant in those with periodontitis. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study followed the Consolidation Standards of Reporting Trials Statement and retrospectively registered on 26/11/2015 at clinicaltrials.gov (No. NCT02618486).
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Affiliation(s)
- Khairunnisa Md Tahir
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ainul Haliza Ab Malek
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rathna Devi Vaithilingam
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Roslan Saub
- Department of Community Oral Health & Clinical Prevention, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Syarida Hasnur Safii
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Tariqur Rahman
- Dean Office, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fathilah Abdul Razak
- Department of Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Aied M Alabsi
- Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Jalan SP2, Bandar Saujana Putra, 42610, Jenjarom Kuala Langat, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nor Adinar Baharuddin
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Pang Y, Yuan X, Guo J, Wang X, Yang M, Zhu J, Wang J. The effect of liraglutide on the proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament cells. J Periodontal Res 2018; 54:106-114. [DOI: 10.1111/jre.12607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunqing Pang
- School of StomatologyLanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Xuemin Yuan
- School of StomatologyLanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Jia Guo
- School of StomatologyLanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- School of StomatologyLanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Man Yang
- School of StomatologyLanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Jingli Zhu
- School of StomatologyLanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of StomatologyLanzhou University Lanzhou China
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