Strom A, Menart B, Simon MC, Pham MN, Kolb H, Roden M, Pozzilli P, Leslie RDG, Schloot NC. Cellular interferon-γ and interleukin-13 immune reactivity in type 1, type 2 and latent autoimmune diabetes: action LADA 6.
Cytokine 2012;
58:148-51. [PMID:
22305546 DOI:
10.1016/j.cyto.2012.01.002]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2011] [Revised: 12/13/2011] [Accepted: 01/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Type 1 diabetes and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) are thought to result from immune-mediated β-cell destruction. It remains unclear why LADA is clinically less severe compared to type 1 diabetes. This study aimed to compare the pro-inflammatory (interferon-γ, IFN-γ) and anti-inflammatory (interleukin-13, IL-13) T-cell responses in humans with LADA and type 1 diabetes.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
IFN-γ and IL-13 T-cell responses to a panel of 16 (auto)-antigens were tested using an enzyme linked immune-spot technique and peripheral T-cells from 35 patients with type 1 diabetes, 59 patients with type 2 diabetes, 23 LADA patients, and 42 control subjects.
RESULTS
LADA and type 1 diabetes patients did not display any statistically significant differences in the frequency of IFN-γ or IL-13 responses to auto-antigenic stimuli, positive control or mitogen. Overall very low T cell reactivity to autoantigens was detected in all groups. IL-13 responses but not IFN-γ responses to recall antigen tetanus toxoid were higher in healthy control subjects compared to patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes or LADA (P<0.05). Diabetes, independent of type, was associated with weaker response to recall antigen tetanus toxoid.
CONCLUSIONS
LADA patients are indistinguishable from type 1 diabetes patients for cellular IFN-γ and IL-13 responses upon mitogen and recall antigen stimulation. These results extend previous findings showing that systemic cytokine/chemokine and humoral responses in type 1 diabetes and LADA are similar.
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