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Santos RMC, Scatolin RS, de Souza Salvador SL, Souza-Gabriel AE, Corona SAM. Er:YAG laser in selective caries removal and dentin treatment with chitosan: a randomized clinical trial in primary molars. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:208. [PMID: 37697177 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03869-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of chitosan on dentin treatment after selective removal of caries lesions with Er:YAG laser in reducing Streptococcus mutans, as well as its effect on the performed restorations. The sample consisted of children (aged 7 to 9 years) with active carious lesions and dentin cavitation located on the occlusal surface of deciduous molars. Eighty teeth were randomly distributed into 4 groups according to the caries removal method: Er:YAG laser (250 mJ/4 Hz) or bur and dentin surface treatment: 2.5% chitosan solution or distilled water. The bacterial load of caries-affected dentin was quantified by counting CFU/mg (n = 10). The teeth were restored and evaluated at 7 days, 6 months, and 12 months using modified USPHS criteria (n = 20). Microbiological data was analyzed by Mann-Whitney and clinical analyses were done using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn test (α = 0.05). The results showed that the Er:YAG laser significantly reduced the amount of Streptococcus mutans (p = 0.0068). After dentin treatment with chitosan, there was a significant reduction in the amount of Streptococcus mutans for both removal methods (p = 0.0424). For the retention and secondary caries criteria, no significant differences were observed along the evaluated time (p > 0.05). The laser-treated group was rated "bravo" for discoloration (p = 0.0089) and marginal adaptation (p = 0.0003) after 6 and 12 months compared to baseline. The Er:YAG laser reduced the amount of Streptococcus mutans and the chitosan showed an additional antibacterial effect. After 1 year, the Er:YAG laser-prepared teeth, regardless of the dentin treatment, showed greater discoloration and marginal adaptation of the restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rai Matheus Carvalho Santos
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata Siqueira Scatolin
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, S/N, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Luiz de Souza Salvador
- Department of Clinical Toxicology and Bromatology of the School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline Evangelista Souza-Gabriel
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, S/N, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Silmara Aparecida Milori Corona
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, S/N, 14040-904, Brazil.
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Sun G, Chen X, Wei F, Bai T, Zhu S. Effects of Er: YAG, Er,Cr: YSGG, and Nd: YAG laser irradiation and adhesive systems on the immediate and long-term bond strength of dentin: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:32. [PMID: 36595096 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-022-03699-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
At present, lasers are increasingly used in the oral clinical field, and research and applications in dental hard tissue treatment are also increasing. The effect of laser etching dentin on the bonding strength of composite resin reported in the literature is still inconclusive. The purpose of this review was to evaluate whether laser etching can improve the immediate and long-term bonding strength of dentin and investigate the effect of different types of adhesives on the bonding strength of dentin. Two reviewers performed a literature search up from January 2012 to November 2021 in four databases: MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. A total of 25 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The Cochrane Collaboration Bias Risk Assessment tool was used to evaluate the quality of the included literature, and an analysis was carried out using Review Manager Software version 5.3. The aging bond strength of dentin after erbium (Er): yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) laser treatment was significantly lower than that of dentin in the bur group (P < 0.00001). At the same time, the bond strength of dentin immediately and aging after (Er), chromium-doped (Cr): yttrium scandium gallium garnet (YSGG) laser treatment was lower than that of dentin in the bur group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the immediate and aging bonding strength among samples in the Er: YAG laser, Er, Cr: YSGG laser, and blank control groups (no laser or bur). The aging bond strength of samples after neodymium-doped (Nd): YAG laser treatment was higher than that of samples in the blank control group (P < 0.05); in addition, the performance of self-etching adhesive was slightly better than that of acid etching adhesive. Regardless of the applied surface treatment and the adhesive employed, dentin after aging showed significant bond degradation (P < 0.05). There was high heterogeneity of bond strength between different groups, and the small number of studies and the contradictory results may be the main reasons for this outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangdi Sun
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Fei Wei
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Tingting Bai
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Song Zhu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China.
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China.
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Vermelho PM, Freitas PM, Reis AF, Giannini M. Influence of Er:YAG laser irradiation settings on dentin-adhesive interfacial ultramorphology and dentin bond strength. Microsc Res Tech 2022; 85:2943-2952. [PMID: 35557015 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of Erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Er:YAG) laser settings and dentin bonding agents on ultramorphological characteristics of resin-laser-irradiated dentin interfaces and dentin bond strength (BS) of these adhesive systems. Additionally, dentin depth affected by Er:YAG laser irradiations was measured. The experiments were performed on occlusal dentin surfaces of third molars that were flattened with 600-grit SiC sandpaper. Treated-dentin with laser settings (250 mJ/4 Hz and 160 mJ/10 Hz) were the experimental groups, while SiC abraded dentin was the control. These three dentin treatments and three adhesives (two self-etchings and one etch-&-rinse adhesive) formed nine groups for the ultramorphology of laser-ablated dentin-adhesives interfacial analysis, using a transmission electron microscope (TEM). For BS (n = 8), the same nine groups were tested with addition of the two evaluation times (24 h after sample preparation or 1 year). The depths of Er:YAG laser effects into the dentin were measured using a TEM (n = 10). Ablated-dentin depth and BS data were analyzed by one- and three-way ANOVA, respectively, and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). Hybrid layer formation was only observed for controls, while for laser-treated dentin, adhesives were bonded to dentin with resin tags formation. Laser settings reduced the BS for all adhesives at 24 h, while at 1 year, etch-&-rinse adhesive presented the highest BS, regardless treatment (control or laser settings). Dentin depth affected by laser settings was similar. The laser irradiation altered the bonding mechanism of the adhesives to dentin and reduced the BS for self-etching adhesives. Etch-&-rinse adhesive yielded the highest BS at 1 year. Laser settings similarly affected the dentin in depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Moreira Vermelho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patricia Moreira Freitas
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André Figueiredo Reis
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Marcelo Giannini
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Yilmaz N, Avci G, Ozkaya S, Tüzüner T, Baygin O. Comparison of the abrasive effects of children's toothpaste on glass ionomer cement. PEDIATRIC DENTAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdj.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Curylofo-Zotti FA, Fernandes MP, Martins AA, Macedo AP, Nogueira LFB, Ramos AP, Corona SAM. Caries removal with Er:YAG laser followed by dentin biomodification with carbodiimide and chitosan: Wettability and surface morphology analysis. Microsc Res Tech 2019; 83:133-139. [PMID: 31663194 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate dentin wettability and surface morphology after selective removal of carious lesion by erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser, followed by dentin biomodification with carbodiimide (EDC) and chitosan (CHI). Seventy-eight bovine dentin specimens were submitted to caries induction. Specimens were distributed according to methods of carious removal (n = 39): bur at low-speed (40,000 rpm) or Er:YAG laser (noncontact mode, 250 mJ/pulse and 4Hz). All specimens were etched with 35% phosphoric acid, and subdivided according to dentin biomodification (n = 13): Control (no biomodification), EDC or CHI. The contact angle (n = 10) between adhesive system (3M ESPE) and dentin surface was measured by a goniometer. Eighteen specimens (n = 3) were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = .05). The method used to remove carious lesion did not influence the wettability of dentinal surface (p = .748). The angles produced on the remaining dentin after biomodification were influenced (p = .007). CHI promoted higher contact angles (p = .007) and EDC did not differ from the control group (p = .586). In the bur-treated group, most tubules were open, regardless of which biomodifier was used. Laser modified the organic matrix layer. CHI promoted partially closed tubules in some areas while EDC exposed dentinal tubules. Regardless of which method was used for selective removal of carious lesion, biomodification with EDC did not affect the dentin wettability, whereas CHI changed the wettability of remaining dentin. Both biomodifiers promoted a slight change on dentin morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria P Fernandes
- Restorative Dentistry Department, Sao Paulo University, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda A Martins
- Restorative Dentistry Department, Sao Paulo University, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Macedo
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Sao Paulo University, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Paula Ramos
- Chemistry Department, Sao Paulo University, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silmara A M Corona
- Restorative Dentistry Department, Sao Paulo University, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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He Z, Chen L, Hu X, Shimada Y, Otsuki M, Tagami J, Ruan S. Mechanical properties and molecular structure analysis of subsurface dentin after Er:YAG laser irradiation. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2017. [PMID: 28646753 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the chemical and mechanical modifications in subsurface dentin layer after Er: YAG (Erbium-Yttrium Aluminium Garnet) laser irradiation, as the guidance of new dental restorative materials specific for laser irradiated dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Dentin disks obtained from extracted human molars were prepared and exposed to a single pulse Er:YAG laser irradiation at 80mJ/pulse. After laser irradiation the mechanical and chemical characteristics of intertubular dentin in subsurface layer were studied using nanoindentation tester and micro-Raman spectromy (μ-RS). The dentin 5-50µm depth beneath the lased surface was determined as testing area. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to compare the mechanical values between lased and untreated subsurface dentin (P = 0.05). RESULTS A laser affected subsurface dentin layer after Er:YAG laser treatment is present. The laser irradiation is considered to decrease the mechanical properties in the superficial subsurface layer (<15µm deep). There was no significant difference in nanohardness and Young's modulus between lased subsurface dentin and untreated dentin (p > 0.05) under the depth of 15µm. However, the dentin at 5µm and 10µm depth beneath the lased surface exhibited significantly lower (~ 47.8% and ~ 33.6% respectively) hardness (p < 0.05). Er:YAG laser irradiation affected both mineral and organic components in subsurface dentin layer, a higher degree of crystallinity and reduced organic compounds occurred in the lased subsurface dentin. CONCLUSION Under the tested laser parameters, Er:YAG laser irradiation causes lower mechanical values and reduction of organic components in subsurface dentin, which has deleterious effects on resin adhesion to this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengdi He
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Road 3688, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China.
| | - Lingling Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Road 3688, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China.
| | - Xuejuan Hu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Road 3688, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China.
| | - Yasushi Shimada
- Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan.
| | - Masayuki Otsuki
- Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan.
| | - Junji Tagami
- Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan.
| | - Shuangchen Ruan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Road 3688, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China.
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The effect of Er:YAG laser irradiation on the bond stability of self-etch adhesives at different dentin depths. Lasers Med Sci 2017; 32:967-974. [PMID: 28357598 PMCID: PMC5486492 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-017-2194-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser irradiation on the micro-shear bond strength of self-etch adhesives to the superficial dentin and the deep dentin before and after thermocycling. Superficial dentin and deep dentin surfaces were prepared by flattening of the occlusal surfaces of extracted human third molars. The deep or superficial dentin specimens were randomized into three groups according to the following surface treatments: group I (control group), group II (Er:YAG laser; 1.2 W), and group III (Er:YAG laser; 0.5 W). Clearfil SE Bond or Clearfil S3 Bond was applied to each group’s dentin surfaces. After construction of the composite blocks on the dentin surface, the micro-shear bond testing of each adhesive was performed at 24 h or after 15,000 thermal cycles. The data were analyzed using a univariate analysis of variance and Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). Laser irradiation in superficial dentin did not significantly affect bond strength after thermocycling (p > 0.05). However, deep-dentin specimens irradiated with laser showed significantly higher bond strengths than did control specimens after thermocycling (p < 0.05). Thermocycling led to significant deterioration in the bond strengths of all deep-dentin groups. The stable bond strength after thermocycling was measured for all of the superficial-dentin groups. No significant difference was found between the 0.5 and 1.2 W output power settings. In conclusion, the effect of laser irradiation on the bond strength of self-etch adhesives may be altered by the dentin depth. Regardless of the applied surface treatment, deep dentin showed significant bond degradation.
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He Z, Chen L, Shimada Y, Tagami J, Ruan S. Evaluation of sub-surface penetration and bonding durability of self-etching primer systems to Er:YAG laser treated cervical dentin. Dent Mater J 2017; 36:174-181. [PMID: 28090034 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2016-216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate self-etching bonding systems penetrating in sub-surface dentin layer after Er:YAG laser irradiation and micro-shear bonding durability over a period of 1 year. Dentin slices obtained from extracted human third molars were prepared. Two self-etching adhesive systems were evaluated: Clearfil SE Bond and Clearfil Tri-S Bond. Specimens were tested for micro-shear bond strength with one of the following treatments: Er:YAG laser irradiation and 600-grit silicon paper polishing at 24 h, 7 days, 6 months and 1 year. The adhesive interfaces between bonding agents and lased cervical dentin were studied. No hybrid layer could be observed for lased dentin. The slim resin tags could be seen penetrating through the lased subsurface layer. Bond strength to lased dentin after 6 months and 1 year were significantly decreased (p<0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengdi He
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University
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Galafassi D, Scatena C, Galo R, Curylofo-Zotti FA, Corona SAM, Borsatto MC. Clinical evaluation of composite restorations in Er:YAG laser-prepared cavities re-wetting with chlorhexidine. Clin Oral Investig 2016; 21:1231-1241. [PMID: 27376544 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-1897-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to evaluate longitudinally the composite restorations, performed in cavities prepared by Er:YAG or conventional bur, and dentin re-wetting with water or chlorhexidine. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty individuals with four active caries with cavitation reaching the dentin located on the occlusal surface of molars counterparts are selected. The teeth of each individual were randomly assigned into four groups: (I) Er:YAG laser (260 mJ/4 Hz) re-wetting with chlorhexidine, (II) Er:YAG laser (260 mJ/4 Hz) re-wetting with deionized water, (III) conventional method re-wetting with chlorhexidine, and (IV) conventional method re-wetting with deionized water. The teeth were isolated, prepared cavities, phosphoric acid etching, and re-wetting according to previously assigned method. Restoration was performed employing the Single Bond 2 and Z350XT resin. Clinical follow-up was held after the polishing of the restoration (baseline) and 6 and 12 months of the making of the restoration using the modified USPHS criteria. The restorations were qualitatively analyzed by means of photographs. In the evaluation period, replicas of the restorations were analyzed by SEM. Data were analyzed by statistics using chi-square test (p < 0.05). RESULTS After 12 months of clinical evaluation, groups prepared with laser and re-wetting with chlorhexidine and water showed the lowest marginal staining value. There was no statistical difference between the groups for other factors. SEM analysis revealed that a non-expressive amount of restorations showed gaps and irregularities of tooth-restoration interface after 6 and 12 months compared to the baseline. CONCLUSION The restorations performed in laser-prepared cavities, regardless of the re-wetting, presented the best clinical performance over the evaluated period. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Laser-prepared teeth, regardless of re-wetting, showed greater resistance to marginal discoloration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Galafassi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Meridional College-IMED, Senador Pinheiro, 304, Cruzeiro, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, RS, 99070-220, Brazil
| | - Camila Scatena
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Serra Gaucha College-FSG, Os Dezoito do Forte 2366, São Pelegrino, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, RS, 95020-472, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Galo
- Dentistry Department, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Almeida Curylofo-Zotti
- Restorative Dentistry Department, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, São Paulo University, Café Avenue, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Silmara Aparecida Milori Corona
- Restorative Dentistry Department, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, São Paulo University, Café Avenue, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Borsatto
- Clinical Pediatric Dentistry Department, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, São Paulo University, Café Avenue, s/n, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil.
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Ayar MK, Yildirim T, Yesilyurt C. Effects of Er,Cr:YSGG laser parameters on dentin bond strength and interface morphology. Microsc Res Tech 2015; 78:1104-11. [PMID: 26515251 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown the effects of Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation on the dentin bond strength; but there are few reports that show the significance of the irradiation with different laser parameters on dentin bond strength and interface morphology. This in-vitro study attempted to evaluate the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) and interface morphology of resin-dentin interfaces, either followed by treatment with Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation with different parameters or not. The flattened dentin samples of 35 bovine teeth were embedded into acrylic blocks and randomly divided into seven groups according to surface treatments using Er,Cr:YSGG lasers with different parameters: 3 W/20 Hz, 3 W/35 Hz, 3 W/50 Hz, 1.5 W/20 Hz, 1.5 W/35 Hz, 1.5 W/50 Hz, or no laser treatment (n = 5). Composite buildups were done over bonded surfaces and stored in water (24 hours at 37°C). Specimens were sectioned into sticks that were subjected to μTBS testing and observed under FE-SEM. Control groups (27.70 ± 7.0) showed statistically higher values than laser-irradiated groups. There were no significant differences among laser groups. Despite that, increasing the pulse frequency yielded slightly higher bond strength. Depending on laser settings, Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation caused interfacial gaps and resin tags with wings morphology. With the parameters used in this study, Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation promoted morphological changes within resin-dentin interfaces and negatively influenced the bond strength of adhesive systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Kerim Ayar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Tahsin Yildirim
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Cemal Yesilyurt
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
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Yildirim T, Ayar MK, Yesilyurt C. Influence of different Er,Cr:YSGG laser parameters on long-term dentin bond strength of self-etch adhesive. Lasers Med Sci 2015; 30:2363-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-015-1825-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Ayatollahi M, Yahya MY, Karimzadeh A, Nikkhooyifar M, Ayob A. Effects of temperature change and beverage on mechanical and tribological properties of dental restorative composites. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 54:69-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Guedes SFF, Melo MAS, Lima JPM, Ely C, Rôla AJ, Piva E, Rodrigues LKA. Acid Etching Concentration as a Strategy to Improve the Adhesive Performance on Er:YAG Laser and Bur-Prepared Demineralized Enamel. Photomed Laser Surg 2014; 32:379-85. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2013.3655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah F. F. Guedes
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry, and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Rodolfo Teófilo, Brazil
| | - Mary Anne S. Melo
- Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics, and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Juliana PM. Lima
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry, and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Rodolfo Teófilo, Brazil
| | - Caroline Ely
- Biomaterials Development and Control Center (CDC-Bio), School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Antero J.S. Rôla
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry, and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Rodolfo Teófilo, Brazil
| | - Evandro Piva
- Biomaterials Development and Control Center (CDC-Bio), School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Lidiany K. A. Rodrigues
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry, and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Rodolfo Teófilo, Brazil
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Galafassi D, Scatena C, Colucci V, Rodrigues-Júnior AL, Campos Serra M, Corona SAM. Long-term chlorhexidine effect on bond strength to Er:YAG laser irradiated-dentin. Microsc Res Tech 2013; 77:37-43. [PMID: 24185754 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluates the bond strength of dentin prepared with Er:YAG laser or bur, after rewetting with chlorhexidine on long-term artificial saliva storage and thermocycling. One hundred and twenty human third molars were sectioned in order to expose the dentin surface (n = 10). The specimens were randomly divided in 12 groups according to treatment and aging: Er:YAG laser rewetting with deionized water (LW) and 24 h storage in artificial saliva (WC); LW and 6 months of artificial saliva storage + 12.000 thermocycling (6M), LW and 12 months of artificial saliva storage + 24.000 thermocycling (12M), Er:YAG laser rewetting with 2% chlorhexidine (LC) and WC, LC and 6M, LC and 12M, bur on high-speed turbine rewetting with deionized water (TW) and WC, TW6M, TW12M, bur on high-speed turbine + 2% chlorhexidine (TC) and WC, TC and 6M, TC and 12M. The specimens were etched with 35% phosphoric acid, washed, and dried with air. Single Bond 2 adhesive was applied and the samples were restored with a composite. Each tooth was sectioned in order to obtain 4 sticks, which were submitted to microtensile bond strength test (µTBS). The two-way ANOVA, showed no significant differences for the interaction between the factors and for the aging factor. Tukey 5% showed that the LC group had the lowest µTBS. The rewetting with chlorhexidine negatively influenced the bond strength of the preparation with the Er:YAG laser. The artificial saliva aging and thermocycling did not interfere with dentin bond strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Galafassi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-904, Brazil
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Chen ML, Ding JF, He YJ, Chen Y, Jiang QZ. Effect of pretreatment on Er:YAG laser-irradiated dentin. Lasers Med Sci 2013; 30:753-9. [PMID: 23948945 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-013-1415-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) laser preparation of tooth cavities for restoration is an increasingly popular method, but its compatibility with existing composite material bonding protocols has not been fully defined. This study evaluated the effect of laser and etchant pretreatments on the performance of one-bottle self-etch adhesives in Er:YAG laser-prepared dentin. Eight groups of 20 extracted teeth were established to investigate bonding in tested dentin disks. Various combinations of laser preparation (with/without), pretreatment (none/acid-etch/low-fluence Er:YAG irradiation), and self-etching adhesive (G-Bond Plus or Xeno V) were tested. Samples were then restored with composite resin and subjected to a tensile bond strength (TBS) test. We also performed scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on dentin disks from some of these groups before and after adhesive application to evaluate their microscopic morphological appearance. Statistical analysis (Dunnett T3 test coupled with the general linear model at 5% significance level) revealed that the laser preparation of dentin did not impact on TBS (p = 0.914), whereas pretreatment with either phosphoric acid (p < 0.0001) or low-fluence Er:YAG laser irradiation (p < 0.0001) significantly increased TBS, although there was no difference between them in their respective elevation of TBS. SEM analysis demonstrated that both acid and laser pretreatments reduced irregularities and produced a more homogeneous surface. Er:YAG laser preparation does not compromise the efficacy of one-step self-etch dentin adhesives, and pretreatment with phosphoric acid or low-fluence Er:YAG laser can significantly increase the TBS of adhesion to this irradiated dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-le Chen
- Department of Endodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangzhou Medical University, 39 Huangsha Road, Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
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Akin H, Ozdemir AK. Effect of corrosive environments and thermocycling on the attractive force of four types of dental magnetic attachments. J Dent Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2012.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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17
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Ramos TM, Ramos-Oliveira TM, Moretto SG, de Freitas PM, Esteves-Oliveira M, de Paula Eduardo C. Microtensile bond strength analysis of adhesive systems to Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG laser-treated dentin. Lasers Med Sci 2013; 29:565-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-012-1261-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/26/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Bond Strengths of One-Step Self-Etch Adhesives to Laser-Irradiated and Bur-Cut Dentin After Water Storage and Thermocycling. Photomed Laser Surg 2012; 30:214-21. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2011.3170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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19
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Türkmen C, Durkan M, Cimilli H, Öksüz M. Tensile bond strength of indirect composites luted with three new self-adhesive resin cements to dentin. J Appl Oral Sci 2011; 19:363-9. [PMID: 21710095 PMCID: PMC4223788 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572011005000011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2009] [Accepted: 10/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aims of this study were to evaluate the tensile bond strengths between
indirect composites and dentin of 3 recently developed self-adhesive resin cements
and to determine mode of failure by SEM. Material and Methods Exposed dentin surfaces of 70 mandibular third molars were used. Teeth were
randomly divided into 7 groups: Group 1 (control group): direct composite resin
restoration (Alert) with etch-and-rinse adhesive system (Bond 1 primer/adhesive),
Group 2: indirect composite restoration (Estenia) luted with a resin cement
(Cement-It) combined with the same etch-and-rinse adhesive, Group 3: direct
composite resin restoration with self-etch adhesive system (Nano-Bond), Group 4:
indirect composite restoration luted with the resin cement combined with the same
self-etch adhesive, Groups 5-7: indirect composite restoration luted with
self-adhesive resin cements (RelyX Unicem, Maxcem, and Embrace WetBond,
respectively) onto the non-pretreated dentin surfaces. Tensile bond strengths of
groups were tested with a universal testing machine at a constant speed of 1
mm/min using a 50 kgf load cell. Results were statistically analyzed by the
Student's t-test. The failure modes of all groups were also evaluated. Results The indirect composite restorations luted with the self-adhesive resin cements
(groups 5-7) showed better results compared to the other groups (p<0.05). Group
4 showed the weakest bond strength (p>0.05). The surfaces of all debonded
specimens showed evidence of both adhesive and cohesive failure. Conclusion The new universal self-adhesive resins may be considered an alternative for luting
indirect composite restorations onto non-pretreated dentin surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cafer Türkmen
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Micromorphology and adhesive performance of Er:YAG laser-treated dentin of primary teeth. Lasers Med Sci 2011; 27:529-35. [PMID: 21298311 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-011-0882-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2010] [Accepted: 12/30/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated (1) the micromorphology by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and (2) the adhesive performance by microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of diamond bur-treated dentin compared to Er:YAG laser-treated dentin of human primary teeth. (1) For qualitative SEM evaluation, dentin of 18 second primary molars (n = 3/method) was treated with either diamond bur as a control (group 1a: 40 μm diamond bur only (clinical situation); group 1b: grinding + 40 μm diamond bur) or with Er:YAG laser (group 2a (clinical situation, manufacturer's settings): 200 mJ/25 Hz (5 W) + 100 mJ/35 Hz (3.5 W) laser only; group 2b (experimental setting "high"): grinding + 400 mJ/20 Hz (8 W); group 2c (manufacturer's setting "finishing"): grinding + 100 mJ/35 Hz (3.5 W); group 2d (experimental setting "low"): grinding + 50 mJ/35 Hz (1.75 W)). (2) For evaluation of adhesive performance, 64 second primary molars were divided into four groups and treated as described for group 1b and groups 2b/c/d (n = 16/method), and μTBS of Clearfil SE/Clearfil Majesty Esthetic to dentin was measured. The SEM micrographs were qualitatively analyzed. The μTBS values were compared with a Kruskal-Wallis test. The significance level was set at α = 0.05. SEM micrographs showed the typical micromorphologies with a smear layer for the diamond bur groups and open dentin tubules for all laser-treated groups. However, in group 2d, the laser beam had insufficiently irradiated the dentin area, rendering the underlying ground surface partly visible. There were no statistically significant differences between μTBS values of the four groups (p = 0.394). This suggests that Er:YAG laser treatment of dentin of primary molars provides bond strengths similar to those obtained following diamond bur treatment.
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Xie C, Han Y, Zhao XY, Wang ZY, He HM. Microtensile bond strength of one- and two-step self-etching adhesives on sclerotic dentin: the effects of thermocycling. Oper Dent 2010; 35:547-55. [PMID: 20945746 DOI: 10.2341/10-025-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of thermocycling on the microtensile bond strength (microTBS) of one- and two-step self-etch adhesives (SEAs) to sclerotic dentin. Two adhesives, Clearfil S3 Bond (S3), a one-step self-etch adhesive (1-SEA), and Clearfil SE Bond (SE), a two-step self-etch adhesive (2-SEA), were applied on cervical lesions in human premolars with sclerotic or normal dentin. After adhesive application, the lesions were restored and built up using a resin composite (Clearfil AP-X). After 24 hours in water storage, the restored teeth were sectioned into 0.7 x 0.7 mm composite-dentin beams. The beams were then aged with 0, 5,000 or 10,000 thermocycles. The use of two adhesives, two substrate types and three thermocycling regimens yielded 12 experimental groups of 14-19 beams each. The beams were subsequently subjected to microTBS testing at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/minute and statistical analyses were computed with three-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test at p < 0.05. Three-way ANOVA showed statistically significant effects on bonding effectiveness by lesion type, adhesive system, thermocycling or combinations of the adhesive system and thermocycling (p < 0.05). With sclerotic dentin, although S3 and SE provided comparable microTBS after 24 hours of water storage, S3 showed significantly lower microTBS than SE after thermocycling (p < 0.05). Regardless of lesion type, the microTBS for S3 decreased significantly after 5,000 or 10,000 thermocycles, while the microTBS for SE showed a significant decrease only after 10,000 thermocycles. Regardless of the extent of thermocycling, the microTBS values for either SE or S3 bonded to sclerotic dentin were significantly lower than to normal dentin (p < 0.05). The results suggested that thermocycling had a significant negative effect on the bond strength of the two SEAs tested. In contrast to 2-SEA, 1-SEA might not be a good choice for sclerotic dentin when seeking durability of the resin-dentin bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xie
- Department of Oral Implantology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Republic of China
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Firat E, Gurgan S, Gutknecht N. Microtensile bond strength of an etch-and-rinse adhesive to enamel and dentin after Er:YAG laser pretreatment with different pulse durations. Lasers Med Sci 2010; 27:15-21. [PMID: 20809080 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-010-0830-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2010] [Accepted: 08/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to evaluate microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of an etch-and-rinse adhesive to enamel and dentin after treatment with Er:YAG laser using different pulse durations. Extracted human molars were flattened to obtain enamel or dentin surfaces. The enamel specimens (E) were divided into nine groups and the dentin (D) specimens were divided into seven groups according to the surface treatments (n = 6). E-C: acid was applied according to the manufacturer's instructions and used as control, E-SSP: 120 mJ, 10 Hz, SSP (50 μs), E-SSP-A: 120 mJ,10 Hz, SSP+acid, E-VSP: 120 mJ, 10 Hz, VSP (100 μs), E-VSP-A: 120 mJ, 10 Hz, VSP+acid, E-SP: 120 mJ, 10 Hz, SP (150 μs), E-SP-A:120 mJ,10 Hz, SP+acid, E-LP:120 mJ,10 Hz, LP (300 μs), E-LP-A:120 mJ,10 Hz, LP+acid; D-C: acid was applied and used as control, D-SSP: 80 mJ, 10 Hz, SSP, D-SSP-A: 80 mJ, 10 Hz, SSP+acid, D-VSP: 80 mJ, 10 Hz, VSP, D-VSP-A: 80 mJ, 10 Hz, VSP+acid, D-SP: 80 mJ, 10 Hz, SP, D-SP-A: 80 mJ, 10 Hz, SP+acid. After application of etch-and-rinse adhesive, composite built-ups were created with a nanoceramic composite. Specimens were sectioned into serial 1-mm(2) sticks, and μTBS was measured in five sticks from each tooth randomly selected (n = 30). Failure modes were determined under a stereomicroscope. μTBS test data were analyzed by Welch-ANOVA followed by Dunnett's T3 tests and failure mode distributions were analyzed by Pearson Chi-square test (p = 0.05). μTBS was higher for enamel and dentin after additional acid etching than laser irradiation alone. E-SSP-A group exhibited the highest μTBS for enamel (p < 0.05). The D-SP-A group showed the highest value but the difference was not significant in comparison to D-C (p > 0.05). The μTBS of laser-irradiated but not acid-etched groups decreased when longer pulse durations were used. Laser treatment could enhance or impair the μTBS to enamel and dentin depending on the pulse duration used and additional acid application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Firat
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Hacettepe University, School of Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey.
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Saboia VPA, Silva FCFA, Nato F, Mazzoni A, Cadenaro M, Mazzotti G, Giannini M, Breschi L. Analysis of differential artificial ageing of the adhesive interface produced by a two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive. Eur J Oral Sci 2009; 117:618-24. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2009.00665.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Donovan TE, Anderson M, Becker W, Cagna DR, Hilton TJ, Rouse J. Annual review of selected scientific literature: Report of the Committee on Scientific Investigation of the American Academy of Restorative Dentistry. J Prosthet Dent 2009; 102:10-45. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3913(09)60095-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ergücü Z, Çelik EU, Ünlü N, Türkün M, Özer F. Effect of Er,Cr: YSGG Laser on the Microtensile Bond Strength of Two Different Adhesives to the Sound and Caries-affected Dentin. Oper Dent 2009; 34:460-6. [DOI: 10.2341/08-005-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Clinical Relevance
The microtensile bond strength of a three-step etch-and-rinse and a two-step self-etch adhesive is not negatively affected by Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation in sound and caries-affected dentin.
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Effects of erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet and neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser hypersensitivity treatment parameters on the bond strength of self-etch adhesives. Lasers Med Sci 2009; 25:511-6. [PMID: 19475475 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-009-0682-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2009] [Accepted: 05/01/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This in vitro study evaluated the shear bond strength (SBS) of two self-etch adhesives to coronal and root dentin treated with erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) or neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) lasers for dentin hypersensitivity. The coronal and root dentin surfaces of 60 extracted human cuspids were divided into three groups (n = 20): (1) control (without treatment); (2) treated with Er:YAG; (3) treated with Nd:YAG laser and a one-step (S3) or two-step self-etch adhesive (SE). A nano-composite was applied and SBS tests were performed. The mean SBS values were calculated, failure modes were determined, and data were subjected to statistical analysis (P = 0.05). Control/SE exhibited higher values than did control/S3 and Nd:YAG/S3 on coronal dentin (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between the SE and S3 groups in root dentin (P > 0.05). Comparisons of two dentin substrates did not show any difference except control/SE (P < 0.05). The failure modes were mainly adhesive. The SBSs of self-etch adhesives to Er:YAG or Nd:YAG laser-treated surfaces were comparable with control for both coronal and root dentin.
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