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Naghsh N, Hosseini A, Bazmara A, Birang R. Evaluation of Three Methods for the Treatment of Dentin Hypersensitivity: A Randomised Clinical Trial. Int Dent J 2024:S0020-6539(24)00098-4. [PMID: 38614879 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this study, we aimed to compare the effectiveness of Gluma and high-power 980-nm diode laser, alone or in combination, in the treatment of cervical dentin hypersensitivity. METHODS A total of 20 patients (5 men and 15 women), aged 25 to 60 years, who met the inclusion criteria, were enrolled in this study. A total of 60 teeth were randomly divided into 4 groups: G1, 980 nm diode laser (in 2 sessions within a 1-week interval); G2, Gluma (in 2 sessions within a 1-week interval); G3, 980 nm diode laser plus Gluma; and G4: control. Thermal (cold spray) and air blast (air syringe of dental unit) stimuli were used to evaluate cervical dentin hypersensitivity in the patients. Their pain response was assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS) before treatment (baseline), in the first treatment session (15 minutes after treatment), in the second treatment session (after 1 week), and in 2-week, 1-month, and 3-month follow-up sessions. The obtained data were analysed using non-parametric tests, including Kruskal-Wallis test, Friedman test, Mann-Whitney test, and Wilcoxon test, in SPSS Version 22 at a significance level of P < .05. RESULTS Based on the results, there was a significant difference in the average VAS scores for cold and air blast stimuli between the 4 groups 1 month after the intervention (P < .05). Meanwhile, the laser group had the lowest VAS score for cold and air stimuli. On the contrary, no significant difference was found between the 4 groups 3 months after the intervention (P ˃ .05). CONCLUSION The present results showed that 980-nm diode laser alone was more effective than the other 2 intervention methods for 1 month. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20120901010703N5).
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Naghsh
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Implants Research Center, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Arezoo Hosseini
- Dental Students' Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Azin Bazmara
- Dental Students' Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Birang
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Implants Research Center, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Uslu YS, Donmez N, Gungor AS, Akalin TT, Ulukapi H. Occluding Efficiency of Different Desensitizing Agents and Er,Cr:YSGG Laser on Dentin Tubules. Oper Dent 2024; 49:166-177. [PMID: 38349840 DOI: 10.2341/23-032-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the effects of two desensitizers and the Er,Cr:YSGG laser on human dentin tubules, applied alone or in combination. METHODS Ninety-six dentin specimens were obtained from extracted third molars and divided into six groups: Group 1: no-treatment (Control); Group 2: nano-hydroxyapatite desensitizer (NhapD); Group 3: NhapD+Er,Cr:YSGG laser (L); Group 4: Er,Cr:YSGG laser (L); Group 5: glutaraldehyde desensitizer (GD); and Group 6: GD+L, respectively. All specimens were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. The diameter and the number of open dentin tubules, the tubules' occluding ratio, and the mineral coverage area were measured via the Image J software at 2000× magnification. Atomic force microscopy was used to determine the blocking mechanism of desensitizing treatments and the surface morphology of dentin specimens. One-way ANOVA and Tukey tests were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS The number of open tubules and the mean diameter of tubules for all treatment groups showed statistically significant differences from the control group The NhapD+L group had a significantly lower number of open tubules than the L and GD groups. The NhapD+L and L groups significantly had higher occluding ratios than the other groups. CONCLUSIONS The present study showed that the Er,Cr:YSGG laser alone was effective in terms of tubule occlusion and also contributed to increasing the occluding ratio of nano-hydroxyapatite. It may be recommended to use the Er,Cr:YSGG laser with nano-hydroxyapatite desensitizers to achieve effective tubule occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Uslu
- *Yesim Sesen Uslu, assistant professor, Bahçeşehir University, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - N Donmez
- Nazmiye Donmez, professor, Abant Izzet Baysal Vakif University, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Bolu, Turkey
| | - A S Gungor
- Ayca Sarialioglu Gungor, assistant professor, Istanbul Galata University, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - T T Akalin
- Tugba Toz Akalin, professor, Istinye University, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - H Ulukapi
- Hasmet Ulukapi, professor, Istanbul Okan University, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
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Ramirez I, Bertolini GR, Candemil AP, Sousa-Neto MD, Souza-Gabriel AE. Chemical and morphological analysis of dentin irradiated by different high-power lasers: a systematic review. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:255. [PMID: 37932490 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03912-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This systematic review provides an overview of the main chemical and morphological alterations generated on dentin by different high-power lasers' irradiation. METHODS The review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023394164) and PRISMA guidelines were followed. The search strategy was conducted on MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase (Elsevier), and Web of Science (Clarivate) databases. The eligibility criteria were established according to the PICOS strategy, focusing on in vitro and ex vivo studies that assessed the chemical and morphological changes in dentin using five high-power lasers: Nd:YAG (1064 nm), Er:YAG (2940 nm), Er, Cr:YSGG (2780 nm), diode (980 nm), and CO2 (10,600 nm). Publication range was from 2010 to 2022. Data was summarized in tables and risk of bias was assessed by QUIN tool. RESULTS The search resulted in 2255 matches and 57 studies composed the sample. The methods most used to assess the outcomes were scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and Raman. The studies presented "medium" and "low" risk of bias. The laser prevalently identified was the Er:YAG laser, associated with dentin ablation, absence of smear layer, and exposed tubules. The Nd:YAG laser generated vitreous surface and thermal damage, such as carbonization and cracks. The other lasers caused an irregular surface and no adverse thermal effects. Regarding the chemical structure, only the Er,Cr:YSGG laser caused collagen matrix reduction. The effects found were more intense with higher dosimetry. CONCLUSION Evidence available indicates that the irradiation of dentin with high-power lasers are related to morphological outcomes favorable to adhesive restorative procedures, with minimal changes in collagen matrix and mineral content. However, those observations should be carried carefully by clinicians and more clinical trials regarding the association of high-power laser irradiation and restorative procedure longevity are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iago Ramirez
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida do Café, s/n - USP's campus, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Gunther R Bertolini
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida do Café, s/n - USP's campus, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Amanda P Candemil
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida do Café, s/n - USP's campus, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Manoel D Sousa-Neto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida do Café, s/n - USP's campus, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Aline E Souza-Gabriel
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida do Café, s/n - USP's campus, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil.
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Johnson L, Soni A, Kaliappan S, Mishra S, Kaushal L, Teware S. A Comparative Analysis of the Occluding Effects on Dentinal Tubules With the Use of Er:YAG Laser and a Commercially Available Desensitizing Agent: An In Vitro Scanning Electron Microscopic Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e43791. [PMID: 37731430 PMCID: PMC10507998 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This in vitro scanning electron microscopic (SEM) study aimed to compare the effect of Er:YAG laser and a commercially launched dental product namely 8% arginine-calcium carbonate on exposed dentinal tubules. Materials and methods A total of 120 tooth samples prepared from healthy maxillary first premolars extracted due to orthodontic reasons were grouped randomly into four groups of 30 samples each - Group I: control group (C); Group II: laser group (LG); Group III: toothpaste group (TP) and Group IV: laser + toothpaste group (LT). The samples in Group II-IV were treated with the respective test agents and were placed under SEM to study the changes in the dentinal tubule number and diameter. The data obtained from SEM were then subjected to statistical analysis using an unpaired t-test. Results The unpaired t-test revealed extreme statistical differences in means between the test and the control groups and among the test groups (p<0.0001). The results we obtained within the scope of this study showed that both the Er:YAG laser (1.3 W, 100 mJ, 3 Hz, 60 s twice) and dentifrice containing 8% arginine-calcium carbonate as the main ingredient can significantly reduce the number and diameter of the open dentinal tubules. Conclusion Our findings have demonstrated that both the 8% arginine-calcium carbonate technology and Er:YAG laser successfully reduced the number and diameter of the open dentinal tubules and hence can be promising agents to deal with dentinal hypersensitivity in future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Johnson
- Department of Periodontology, Rama Dental College, Kanpur, IND
| | - Abhishek Soni
- Department of Periodontology, Maitri College of Dentistry and Research Centre, Durg, IND
| | - Satish Kaliappan
- Department of Periodontology, Maitri College of Dentistry and Research Centre, Durg, IND
| | - Supriya Mishra
- Department of Periodontology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Raipur, IND
| | - Laxmi Kaushal
- Department of Periodontology, Maitri College of Dentistry and Research Centre, Durg, IND
| | - Sakshi Teware
- Department of Periodontology, RR Kambe Dental College and Hospital, Akola, IND
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Golriz N, Barekatain M, Mirzakocheki Broujeni P. Penetration and durability of CPP-ACP paste and sodium fluoride varnish as desensitizing agents: An in vitro comparison. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2023; 17:119-127. [PMID: 37649823 PMCID: PMC10462472 DOI: 10.34172/joddd.2023.28050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to investigate and compare the penetration and durability of two dentin desensitizers, sodium fluoride varnish and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) paste, using electron microscopy. Methods The study was performed on 60 dentin specimens prepared from extracted human premolars. After applying 17% EDTA to remove the smear layer, the specimens were divided into two groups. MI Paste and Bi-fluoride varnish were applied to the specimens. Microscopic images of 20 samples were obtained immediately. Twenty other samples were accessed after 15 days, and the other 20 were accessed after 30 days of toothbrushing and thermal cycling. Both surface and longitudinal cross-sectional images (after sample fracture) were studied. Data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA and Mann-Whitney U test at a significance level of P<0.05. Results The mean depth of material penetration was significantly time-dependent and fluctuated in both groups. There was a significant difference between the mean level of plugs between 0, 15, and 30 days (P<0.001). Penetration increased with time for the MI Paste group, while in the Bi-fluoride group, the increase was significant at 15 and 30 days than immediately after application. The mean thickness of the plugs was significantly different at the three time periods, and MI Paste showed a sudden decrease in plug thickness after 15 days. Conclusion Immediately after application, Bi-fluoride occluded dentinal tubules more effectively, and its durability after abrasion and thermal fatigue were higher than MI Paste.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehrdad Barekatain
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
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Abu Hasna A, Martinho FC, Sellan PLB, Pampuri CR, Torres CRG, Pucci CR. Effect of Remineralization Pretreatments on Human Dentin Permeability and Bond Strength. Int J Dent 2023; 2023:2182651. [PMID: 37435112 PMCID: PMC10332928 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2182651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate Nd:YAG laser, calcium phosphate, and adhesive system effect as different pretreatments in different protocols on dentin permeability (DP) and bond strength (BS). Fifty human dentin discs were used (4 mm in diameter and 1,5 mm in height). Specimens were divided into five groups (n = 10): (A): adhesive system (control); (AL): adhesive system + Nd:YAG laser; (LAL): Nd:YAG laser + adhesive system + Nd:YAG laser; (PAL): calcium phosphate-based dentin desensitizer TeethMate + adhesive system + Nd:YAG laser; and group (PLAL): Nd:YAG laser + calcium phosphate-based dentin desensitizer + adhesive system + Nd:YAG laser. All materials were used according to the manufacturers' instructions. The specimens were submitted to artificial aging (5,000 thermal cycles and 12 × 104 mechanical cycles) then a bond test was performed. DP was measured using the split chamber model. Data were submitted to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), paired t-test, RM ANOVA, and Tukey test (p < 0.05). All treatments were effective in DP reduction. For BS, the groups PAL and PLAL had improved BS with a statistically significant difference of the control group (A). Nd:Yag laser irradiation and calcium phosphate-based desensitizing agents significantly reduced DP, and the association between them could improve the BS on resin-human dentin interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Abu Hasna
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontics Division, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University – UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Pablo Lenin Benitez Sellan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University – UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón, Ecuador
| | - Camila Reis Pampuri
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University – UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Rocha Gomes Torres
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University – UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cesar Rogério Pucci
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University – UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
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Wang X, Liu N, Wang M, Li T, Wang S, He W. Effect of Various Lasers With or Without Systemp.desensitizer on Dentine Tubules: An In Vitro Scanning Electron Microscopy Analysis. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2023. [PMID: 37384905 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2022.0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The current study was carried out to evaluate the effects of laser and Systemp.desensitizer therapy. Further, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to determine the effects of individual or combined desensitizers on human dentinal tubules. Background: The most common clinical condition that makes people uncomfortable is dentin hypersensitivity (DH). Both lasers and drugs that reduce sensitivity have been used to treat DH. Materials and methods: A total of 100 dentinal samples were taken from newly extracted third molars (affected) and divided into 10 groups (A to J), that is, control (A); Systemp.desensitizer (B); diode laser (980 nm) (C); Nd:YAG laser (D); Er:YAG laser (E); Er,Cr:YSGG laser (F); Systemp.desensitizer + diode laser (G); Systemp.desensitizer + Nd:YAG laser (H); Systemp.desensitizer + Er:YAG laser (I); and Systemp.desensitizer + Er,Cr:YSGG laser (J). SEM was used to evaluate the dentinal specimens in each group (longitudinal and transverse portions), and then images of each sample were captured (20 images/sample). In addition, the number of open dentinal tubules was counted and then the occlusion depth in dentinal tubules was measured. Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were employed to analyze the obtained data. Results: All treatment procedures and protocols were effective in blocking dentinal tubules (p < 0.05). Compared with the other groups, dentinal tubules in the laser and laser combination therapy groups were significantly obstructed (p < 0.05). Diode and Nd:YAG lasers with or without Systemp.desensitizer showed significantly more tubule occlusion and greater sealing depth than Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG lasers with or without Systemp.desensitizer (p < 0.05). Conclusions: In summary, lasers alone or in combination can play a significant role in occluding the dentinal tubules. However, combining the diode or Nd:YAG laser with Systemp.desensitizers is a more effective treatment strategy and may have immediate and long-lasting effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Ningning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Minghao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Tong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Shengchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Wenxi He
- Department of Stomatology, Air Force Medical Center, Air Force Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
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Wang Q, Luan J, Zhao Z, Kong W, Zhang C, Ding J. Dentin-desensitizing biomaterials. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.108060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Hussein F, Imam H. The Effect of Eggshell and Seashell Nanoparticles Alone and Combined With Nd: YAG Laser on Occlusion and Remineralization Potential of Patent Dentinal Tubules: An In Vitro Study. J Lasers Med Sci 2022; 13:e43. [PMID: 36743145 PMCID: PMC9841379 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2022.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: There is an interest in developing materials with bioactive potential that could block exposed dentinal tubules. This study compared the effects of eggshell and seashell nanoparticles individually or combined with ND:YAG laser on dentinal tubules occlusion and remineralization. Methods: Fifty radicular dentin discs were prepared from freshly extracted human premolars. The smear layer created by cutting was removed using 37% phosphoric acid gel for 15 sec. The discs were divided into five groups according to the applied treatment(A) (n = 10 each): (A1) control, (A2); Nano eggshells, (A3); Nano seashells, (A4); Nano eggshells + Nd: YAG Laser, and (A5); Nano sea shell + Nd: YAG Laser. Each specimen was evaluated for tubular patency and mineral contents before and after each therapy using ESEM-EDXA energy dispersive spectroscopy for the assessment of tubule occlusion and remineralization. Results: ESEM results revealed a statistically significant decrease in the mean percent changes of the dentinal tubules number after the treatment of the experimental groups compared to the control. The greatest percent decrease was recorded in the seashell NPs + Nd: YAG laser, followed by the eggshell NPs + Nd: YAG laser, then Eggshell NPs only and then Seashell NPs only, while the lowest percentage decrease was recorded in the control group. EDXA revealed that the greatest percentage increase in Ca wt% was recorded in the Eggshell + Nd:YAG laser group, followed by Eggshell only, then Seashell only and then Seashell NPs + Nd: YAG laser, while the lowest percent increase was recorded in the control group. The post hoc test revealed no significant difference between the experimental groups. Conclusions: Both eggshell and seashell nanoparticles are effective in the occlusion and remineralization of dentinal tubules. The combined treatments with Nd: YAG laser had no benefits when compared to the effect of treatments alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Hussein
- Lecturer of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine for Girls, AL-Azhar University Cairo, Egypt,Correspondence to Fatma Hussein,
| | - Hisham Imam
- Professor of Laser Physics and Spectroscopy in National Institute of Enhanced Laser Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Evaluation of the Effectiveness on Dentin Hypersensitivity of Sodium Fluoride and a New Desensitizing Agent, Used Alone or in Combination with a Diode Laser: A Clinical Study. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12126130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Dentine Hypersensitivity (DH) is a frequent clinical problem that causes long-term painful discomfort to patients and is a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for dentists. The aim of this research was to verify the efficacy of a Sodium Fluoride (NaF) gel and the VivaSens® varnish used alone or in combination with a Creation Soft Diode Laser (DL) to treat DH pain. (2) Methods: The study included 121 Non-Carious Cervical Lesions (NCCLs) in 48 patients who complained of DH pain of variable intensity, between 4 and 7 points in VAS, after application of a cold stimulus. Four study groups of 12 patients each were created and subjected to four different types of treatment. Group 1 comprised 27 NCCLs with a total VAS score of 142, who received a topical treatment of NaF. Group 2 comprised 34 NCCLs with a total VAS score of 179, who were treated with NaF in association with DL. Group 3 comprised 31 NCCLs with a total VAS score 172, who received the VivaSens varnish. Group 4 comprised 29 NCCLS with a total VAS score of 155, who were treated with VivaSens in association with DL, using a power of 0.2 Watt in continuous emission and a fiber of 400 µm diameter. (3) Results: The results for each NCCL were evaluated by the cold stimulus response and recorded according to the VAS at the end of each treatment (t1) as well as after one week (t2), 1 month (t3), and 6 months (t4). All treatments resulted in pain relief at all study times, but the best results were obtained for Group 4 at t1, with a total VAS score of 26, and for Group 2 at t2, t3, and t4, with total VAS scores of 41, 51, and 65, respectively. (4) Conclusions: The treatment with VivaSens allowed pain relief immediately after its application, but the greatest long-term benefits (t2, t3, and t4) were obtained with the topical application of NaF associated with a DL.
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Solati M, Fekrazad R, Vahdatinia F, Farmany A, Farhadian M, Hakimiha N. Dentinal tubule blockage using nanobioglass in the presence of diode (980 nm) and Nd:YAG lasers: an in vitro study. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 26:2975-2981. [PMID: 34775517 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04279-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The main objective of this study was to enhance the blockage of dentinal tubules using nanobioglass in the presence of diode (980 nm) and Nd:YAG lasers in order to reduce permeability and dentin hypersensitivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-six dentinal samples were randomly divided into 6 subgroups (n = 6): (A) control, (B) diode laser (980 nm, 3-W), (C) Nd:YAG laser (1064, 1.0-W), (D) nanobioglass, (E) nanobioglass + diode laser (980 nm), (F) nanobioglass + Nd:YAG laser. The average number of open dentinal tubules was qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data were evaluated by SPSS software version 22, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Mann-Whitney tests with Bonferoni's correction (α = 0.008). RESULTS Based on the results of Mann-Whitney test, there was a significant difference in the mean number of open dentinal tubules between the control group and the other groups (p < 0.008). However, the difference among the other groups was not statistically significant (p > 0.008). CONCLUSIONS Findings of this study showed that high-power laser radiation, such as Nd:YAG and diode (980 nm) alone or with nanobioglass, has a significant effect on the blockage of dentinal tubules. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Introduction of non-invasive methods with long-term and lasting effect on reducing pain and discomfort caused by dentin hypersensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Solati
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Faculty, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Fekrazad
- Radiation Sciences Research Center, Laser Research Center in Medical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,International Network for Photo Medicine and Photo Dynamic Therapy (INPMPDT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshid Vahdatinia
- Dental School, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Dental Implants Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Abbas Farmany
- Dental Research Center & Dental Implant Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Science, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Maryam Farhadian
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Neda Hakimiha
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Aghayan S, Fallah S, Chiniforush N. Comparative Efficacy of Diode, Nd:YAG and Er:YAG Lasers Accompanied by Fluoride in Dentinal Tubule Obstruction. J Lasers Med Sci 2021; 12:e63. [PMID: 35155148 PMCID: PMC8837826 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2021.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Recently, the management of dentin hypersensitivity by lasers has gained special attention. This study aimed to assess and compare the efficacy of the 980 nm diode, Nd:YAG and Er:YAG lasers accompanied by fluoride in dentinal tubule obstruction. Methods: Twenty sound single-rooted human teeth were used for this invitro study. Forty dentinal discs were prepared of the roots and etched with 6% citric acid. One layer of fluoride varnish was applied over their surface. The sections were randomly allocated into 4 groups. The control group received no laser irradiation. Group 2 underwent 980 nm diode laser irradiation with 0.5 W power. Group 3 underwent Nd:YAG laser irradiation with 0.5 W power and group 4 underwent Er:YAG laser irradiation with 0.5 W power. All samples were then inspected under a scanning electron microscope, and the number of obstructed dentinal tubules and the diameter of open dentinal tubules in the field were determined. One-way ANOVA and Tukey's test were used for data analysis at a significance level of 0.05. Results: All three laser types decreased the number of open dentinal tubules significantly compared to the control group (P<0.05). No significant difference was noted in dentinal tubule obstruction between the three laser groups (P>0.05). The diameter of open tubules in the three laser groups did not show a significant difference from that in the control group. Conclusion: All three types of lasers evaluated in this study can effectively obstruct the dentinal tubules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Aghayan
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Fallah
- Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Chiniforush
- Laser Research Center of Dentistry, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Siqueira VDS, Castillo AES, Mateo-Castillo JF, Pinto LDC, Garib D, Pinheiro CR. Dental hypersensitivity in individuals with cleft lip and palate: Origin and therapies. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2021; 15:42-46. [PMID: 33927840 PMCID: PMC8058161 DOI: 10.34172/joddd.2021.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Dental hypersensitivity is due to the exposure of the dentin layer after wear of enamel or cementum, exposing the dentinal tubules and the nerve endings of odontoblasts within these tubules. The present study aimed to assess the factors related to dental hypersensitivity in individuals with cleft lip and palate and the most common therapy received. Methods. The medical records of 536 patients with cleft lip and/or palate (281 males, 255 females) with a mean age of 18 were analyzed in a single center. The inclusion criterion was patients reporting dental hypersensitivity from May 2015 to October 2019. The origin of dental hypersensitivity was evaluated considering orthodontic movement, periodontal diseases, and reversible and irreversible pulpitis. The therapy indicated by the dental professionals for dental hypersensitivity were recorded. Descriptive statistics were performed. Results. Of 61 teeth with dental hypersensitivity, 10 were attributed to orthodontic movement, 21 to periodontal problems, 27 to reversible pulpitis, and three to irreversible pulpitis. The most used therapies were the application of fluoride varnish and prophylaxis, dentifrice indication for dental sensitivity, free gingival grafts, pulpectomy, desensitizing agent application, conservative endodontic treatment (direct pulp protection), and restoration of non-carious cervical lesions. Conclusion. Reversible pulpitis was the most prevalent etiologic factor of dental hypersensitivity in individuals with cleft lip and palate. Dentifrices for dental sensitivity and fluoride varnish application were frequently recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Da Silva Siqueira
- Dentistry Department, Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, Universidade de São Paulo (HRAC/USP), Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Jose Francisco Mateo-Castillo
- Dentistry Department, Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, Universidade de São Paulo (HRAC/USP), Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lidiane De Castro Pinto
- Dentistry Department, Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, Universidade de São Paulo (HRAC/USP), Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela Garib
- Dentistry Department, Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, Universidade de São Paulo (HRAC/USP), Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
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Penha KJDS, Torres CRG, Tavarez RRDJ, Firoozmand LM. Interaction effect of Nd:YAG laser and universal adhesive system for dentin sealing. J Clin Exp Dent 2020; 12:e1124-e1130. [PMID: 33282132 PMCID: PMC7700791 DOI: 10.4317/jced.57306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To evaluate the influence of the association of the universal adhesive system to different energy densities of the Nd:YAG laser on the hydraulic conductance of dentin.
Material and Methods Fifty bovine dentin discs were made. The samples were stratified into four groups (n = 10) according to the treatment performed; SBU- Adper Single Bond Universal (3M ESPE), SBU_60 - SBU associated with the Nd:YAG laser (60mJ, 10Hz, 0.6W - 47.77 J / cm²), SBU_80 - SBU associated with the Nd:YAG laser (80mJ, 10Hz, 0.8 W - 63.69 J / cm2) and C – dentin without treatment (smear layer). Hydraulic conductance measurements were taken 24 hours after the treatments (HC1) and after erosive challenge (HC2). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX) helped to visualize the dentin after the different treatments. Scheffe and Games-Howell statistical tests were used to analyze hydraulic conductance (α = 0.05).
Results The treated dentin (SBU, SBU_60, and SBU_80) reduced HC1 when compared to dentin with smear layer (C) (p< 0.001). The erosive challenge has increased HC2 in SBU_60 and C (p< 0.001), and did not promote a significant difference in SBU_80 and SBU. The SEM / EDX analyzes showed an irregular and semi-permeable barrier on the surfaces of the treated dentin.
Conclusions The association of universal adhesive with Nd:YAG can be an effective alternative for the occlusion of dentinal tubules, whereas higher energy per pulse Nd:YAG (SBU_80) can increase the resistance to permeability when exposed to the erosive challenge. Key words:Dentin, permeability of dentin, Nd:YAG Laser, adhesives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla-Janilee-de Souza Penha
- DDS, MSc, PhD student, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Carlos-Rocha-Gomes Torres
- DDS, PhD, Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology of São José dos Campos (UNESP), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Leily-Macedo Firoozmand
- DDS, MSc, PhD, Professor, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
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Benitez Sellan PL, Zanatta RF, Gomes Torres CR, Tian FC, Bergeron BE, Niu LN, Pucci CR. Effects of calcium-phosphate, laser and adhesive on dentin permeability and bond strength. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03925. [PMID: 32420491 PMCID: PMC7218263 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The present study examined a technique for reducing dentin permeability through the application of a calcium phosphate (CaP)-based desensitiser with a laser-assisted process and evaluated adhesive-dentin bond strength. Methods: Thirty dentin discs were divided into two groups according to whether the selected desensitiser (TeethMate; Kuraray Noritake) was used prior to dentin bonding. Each group was subdivided into three subgroups (n = 5): A- Adhesive (Single Bond Universal, 3M ESPE), AL- Adhesive + Laser (Nd:YAG 60 mJ) and LAL- Laser + Adhesive + Laser. Dentin permeability values (%) were recorded before and after desensitiser application. Resin composites were placed over the bonded specimens; the latter were aged prior to microtensile bond strength evaluation. Gelatinolytic activity within the hybrid layers was examined with in-situ zymography using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Data were analysed with ANOVA and Tukey test (α = 0.05). Results Significant differences in dentin permeability were identified for all groups (p = 0.00). Both laser treatment (p = 0.182) and desensitiser application (p = 0.687) did not significantly improve dentin bond strength. Ultrastructure of the resin-dentin interface identified presence of calcium phosphate within dentinal tubules. Laser treatment did not affect hybrid layer ultrastructure. Both treatment modalities (intratubular CaP occlusion and laser) had no influence on gelatinolytic activity within hybrid layers. Conclusion Although intratubular CaP occlusion and laser treatment were effective in reducing dentin permeability, they did not affect bond strength, interfacial ultrastructure and gelatinolytic activity within hybrid layers. Clinical relevance Treatment of etched dentin with Nd:YAG Laser at 60 mJ does not adversely affect collagen ultrastructure and gelatinolytic activity within the hybrid layer. The application of a calcium phosphate-based desensitiser to etch dentin does not affect dentin bond strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Lenin Benitez Sellan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil.,School of Dentistry, Universidad Espiritu Santo, Samborondon, Guayas, Ecuador
| | - Rayssa Ferreira Zanatta
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Taubaté, Taubaté, Brazil
| | - Carlos Rocha Gomes Torres
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Fu-Cong Tian
- Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Brian E Bergeron
- Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Li-Na Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Cesar Rogério Pucci
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil
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Park S, Lee Y, Lee D, Park J, Kim R, Shon W. CPNE7 Induces Biological Dentin Sealing in a Dentin Hypersensitivity Model. J Dent Res 2019; 98:1239-1244. [DOI: 10.1177/0022034519869577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Dentin hypersensitivity commonly occurs due to opened dentinal tubules for many reasons. In our previous study, copine 7 (CPNE7) could induce dentin formation for an indirect pulp-capping model in vivo. This study aims to investigate the formation of tertiary dentin when CPNE7 is applied to intentionally exposed dentin with nothing over it in vivo, whether it affects microleakage of the teeth, and the penetration ability of CPNE7 molecules through dentinal tubules in vitro. Cervical dentin areas of 6 maxillary incisors of 5 beagles were exposed to a class V–like lesion, and 1 side of 3 maxillary incisors was adapted with recombinant CPNE7 protein for 5 min as the experimental group. The other side was the control group, and there was no treatment of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and CPNE7 after preparation. The defects were exposed without any restorations, and all beagles were sacrificed after 4 wk. The fluid penetration of exposed dentin areas was investigated by a microleakage-testing device and confocal laser scanning microscope. Tertiary dentin formation was confirmed with histological scanning electronic microscopic analysis. Tertiary dentin formation reduces dentinal fluid flow due to occluded tubules or discontinuity with primary or secondary dentin. The in vivo hypersensitivity model with the anterior teeth of beagle dogs showed newly formed tertiary dentin at the dentin-pulp boundary in recombinant CPNE7–treated teeth when compared with the untreated control group in histologic analysis. Scanning electronic microscopic analysis revealed occluded sites with mineral deposition of intratubular dentin. In the permeability test, the mean microleakage value of the CPNE7-treated group was significantly lower than that of the control group ( P < 0.05). The tubular penetration of rhodamine B–combined CPNE7 was confirmed under confocal laser scanning microscope. CPNE7 induces formation of tertiary dentin through shallowly exposed dentinal tubules, which decreases dentin permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- S.H. Park
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental Research Institute and School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y.S. Lee
- Laboratory for the Study of Regenerative Dental Medicine, Department of Oral Histology–Developmental Biology, Dental Research Institute and School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - D.S. Lee
- Department of Oral Histology–Developmental Biology, Dental Research Institute and School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J.C. Park
- Department of Oral Histology–Developmental Biology, Dental Research Institute and School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - R. Kim
- Division of Constitutive and Regenerative Sciences, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - W.J. Shon
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental Research Institute and School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea
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Guo L, Kayastha PK, Chen L, Shakya M, Chen X. Clinical Evaluation of Nd:YAG Laser With and Without Dentin Bonding Agent for the Treatment of Occlusal Hypersensitivity. Oper Dent 2019; 44:227-234. [PMID: 30142042 DOI: 10.2341/17-265-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
Purpose:
The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare both the immediate and delayed desensitizing effects of the Nd:YAG (neodymium-doped:yttrium aluminum garnet; Nd3+:Y3Al5O12) laser with and without dentin bonding agent (DBA) on occlusal dentinal hypersensitivity (DH).
Methods and Materials:
Twenty-one patients with a total of 117 chronic occlusal hypersensitive teeth were selected. Each subject had at least three hypersensitive teeth. These teeth were randomly allocated into three groups: group 1, DBA on the occlusal surface; group 2, Nd:YAG laser (1064-nm wavelength, 30 mJ of energy, 10 pulse/s, 60 seconds, two times); and group 3, Nd:YAG laser (1064-nm wavelength, 30 mJ of energy, 10 pulse/s, 60 seconds, two times) with DBA. Pain was assessed using a visual analog scale after stimulation of the sensitive teeth by using the sharp tip of an explorer and an air blast prior to treatment and immediately, one week, one month, and three months after treatment by one blinded examiner.
Results:
A significant reduction in occlusal DH occurred at all time points in all of the experimental groups. The three groups showed significant improvements in discomfort immediately after treatment and after one week (p<0.001), but the Nd:YAG laser with DBA group had greater efficacy when compared with the other groups. The Nd:YAG laser group and Nd:YAG laser with DBA group had no significant differences at one month and three months after treatment (p>0.05); however, their desensitizing efficacy was superior to the DBA group.
Conclusions:
The Nd:YAG laser with DBA may be most effective in the long-term treatment of occlusal DH, although other measures also reduce DH.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Guo
- Lan Guo, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - PK Kayastha
- Pujan Kranti Kayastha, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Chongqing, China
| | - L Chen
- Liang Chen, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Chongqing, China
| | - M Shakya
- Merina Shakya, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Department of Periodontology, Chongqing, China
| | - X Chen
- Liang Chen, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Chongqing, China
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18
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Yadav RK, Verma UP, Tiwari R. Comparative evaluation of neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser with nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite dentifrices and herbal dentifrices in the treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity. Natl J Maxillofac Surg 2019; 10:78-86. [PMID: 31205393 PMCID: PMC6563637 DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_47_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate the efficacy of neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser with and without herbal and nanohydroxyapatite dentifrices in management of dentinal hypersensitivity (DH). Materials and Methods A total of 180 patients who responded to air-blast test and cold-water test using verbal rating scale (VRS) were included in this study. The patients were randomly assigned to six groups (n = 30): control group (CG), scaling and root planning (SRP) + nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite dentifrices, SRP + nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite dentifrices + laser, SRP + herbal dentifrices, SRP + herbal dentifrices + laser, and SRP + laser. Each group was evaluated at baseline, 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months. In every visit of each patient, their clinical examination was done. Results Among all groups', repeated ANOVA measures and Kruskal-Wallis test was performed in which laser groups showed maximum reduction in DH in all indices while the CG showed minimum reduction in DH. The VRS values showed maximum reduction in SRP + nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite dentifrices + laser group with mean of 0.3 ± 0.5 and minimum reduction in CG with mean of 3.0 ± 0.5 (P < 0.001). Conclusion Among all the groups, SRP + Nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite + Laser can be an effective treatment modality for DH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar Yadav
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Umesh Pratap Verma
- Department of Periodontology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rini Tiwari
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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The association between Nd:YAG laser and desensitizing dentifrices for the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity. Lasers Med Sci 2017; 32:873-880. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-017-2187-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Xiao S, Liang K, Liu H, Zhang M, Yang H, Guo S, Ding Y. Effect of Water-Cooled Nd:YAG Laser on Dentinal Tubule Occlusion In Vitro. Photomed Laser Surg 2016; 35:98-104. [PMID: 27827556 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2016.4169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a new water-cooled Nd:YAG laser on dentinal tubule occlusion. BACKGROUND DATA The effect of water-cooled Nd:YAG laser on dentinal tubule occlusion has not been reported. METHODS Acid-etched dentin samples were randomly divided into three groups: (1) dentin control, (2) dentin treated by Nd:YAG laser, (3) dentin treated by water-cooled Nd:YAG laser. After laser irradiation, half of the samples were immersed in a 6 wt% citric acid (pH 1.5) solution for 1 min to evaluate the acid resistance. The morphologies of dentin surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The number and diameters of the open dentinal tubules were analyzed by one-way and two-way analyses of variance. RESULTS Both the Nd:YAG laser and water-cooled Nd:YAG laser melted the superficial layer of dentin, which caused dentinal tubule occlusion in most areas and diameter reduction of the rest open tubules. Microcracks on the dentin surface were only observed in the Nd:YAG laser group. The tubule occlusion induced by the two lasers showed a good acid resistance. CONCLUSIONS The effect of water-cooled Nd:YAG laser on dentinal tubule occlusion is similar to that of the Nd:YAG laser. The dentinal tubule occlusion induced by the two lasers could resist acid challenge to some extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimeng Xiao
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China .,2 Department of Periodontology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
| | - Kunneng Liang
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
| | - Hongling Liu
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
| | - Manling Zhang
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China .,2 Department of Periodontology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
| | - Heng Yang
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China .,2 Department of Periodontology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
| | - Shujuan Guo
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China .,2 Department of Periodontology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Ding
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China .,2 Department of Periodontology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
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Saluja M, Grover HS, Choudhary P. Comparative Morphologic Evaluation and Occluding Effectiveness of Nd: YAG, CO2 and Diode Lasers on Exposed Human Dentinal Tubules: An Invitro SEM Study. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:ZC66-70. [PMID: 27630957 PMCID: PMC5020193 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/18262.8188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dentinal hypersensitivity is one of the most common problem, encountered in dental practice but has least predictable treatment outcome. The advent of lasers in dentistry has provided an additional therapeutic option for treating dentinal hypersensitivity. Although various lasers have been tried over a period of time to treat dentinal hypersensitivity, but still the doubt persist as to which laser leads to maximum dentinal tubular occlusion and is most suitable with minimal hazardous effects. AIM To compare the effects of Nd: YAG, CO2 and 810-nm diode lasers on width of exposed dentinal tubule orifices and to evaluate the morphologic changes on dentinal surface of human tooth after laser irradiation by scanning electron microscope (SEM). MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty root specimens were obtained from ten freshly extracted human premolars, which were randomly divided into four groups of ten each. Group I: control group treated with only saline, Group II: Nd:YAG laser, Group III: CO2 laser and Group IV: 810-nm diode laser. The specimens were examined using SEM. After calculating mean tubular diameter for each group, the values were compared statistically using parametric one-way ANOVA test and Turkey's post hoc multiple comparison test. RESULTS All the three lased groups showed a highly statistical significant result with p-value of <0.001 as compared to non-lased group. On intergroup comparison within the lased groups, all the three groups showed statistically significant difference in the reduction of dentinal tubular diameter (p-value < 0.001). CONCLUSION Nd: YAG laser was found to be most effective, followed by the CO2 laser and 810-nm diode laser was found to be least effective. The morphologic changes like craters, cracks and charring effect of the dentine were seen maximum by the use of CO2 laser.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mini Saluja
- Reader, Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, SGT University, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Harpreet Singh Grover
- Professor and Head, Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, SGT University, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Pankaj Choudhary
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, SGT University, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
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Kunam D, Manimaran S, Sampath V, Sekar M. Evaluation of dentinal tubule occlusion and depth of penetration of nano-hydroxyapatite derived from chicken eggshell powder with and without addition of sodium fluoride: An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent 2016; 19:239-44. [PMID: 27217637 PMCID: PMC4872578 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.181940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This in vitro study evaluated the degree of dentinal tubule occlusion and depth of penetration of nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) derived from chicken eggshell powder with and without the addition of 2% sodium fluoride (NaF) using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). Materials and Methods: nHAp was synthesized and characterized using X-ray diffraction and SEM-energy dispersive spectroscopy. Dentin discs were obtained from extracted teeth, pretreated with 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid for 5 min and were divided into four groups based on the experimental agents as follows: Group 1: Untreated (control), Group 2: 2% NaF, Group 3: nHAp, Group 4: Combination of nHAp and 2% NaF. The treatment protocol was carried out for 7 days, after which the specimens were viewed under SEM and CLSM. Statistical Analysis Used: One-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc multiple comparison tests (P < 0.05). Results: All the experimental agents occluded the dentinal tubules, but to varying degrees and depths. Specimens treated with the combination of nHAp and 2% NaF showed complete dentinal tubular occlusion and significantly greater depth of penetration than those treated with nHAp and 2% NaF alone. Conclusion: The combination of nHAp and 2% NaF was the most effective in occluding dentinal tubules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Kunam
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sujatha Manimaran
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vidhya Sampath
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mahalaxmi Sekar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Pathan AB, Bolla N, Kavuri SR, Sunil CR, Damaraju B, Pattan SK. Ability of three desensitizing agents in dentinal tubule obliteration and durability: An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent 2016; 19:31-6. [PMID: 26957790 PMCID: PMC4760009 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.173190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of three desensitizing agents on dentinal tubule obliteration and their durability in use on the dentinal tubules. Materials and Methods: Sixty specimens were obtained from 30 extracted sound human maxillary first premolars. Each tooth was mesiodistally sectioned to obtain 30 buccal and 30 lingual surfaces, and enamel was removed in order to simulate hypersensitive dentin. Specimens were divided into four groups with 15 specimens each. Group 1 samples were immersed in artificial saliva, Group 2 samples were coated with Vivasens, Group 3 samples were coated with VOCO Admira Protect, and Group 4 samples were coated with Neo Active Apatite suspension. These specimens were examined under scanning electron microscope (SEM) to find out the occluding ability of the respective products. The specimens were brushed to find out their durability for 1 week and 1 month and were examined under SEM. Statistical Analysis: The results were statistically analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test. Results: Group 1 differed significantly from the Vivasens, Admira, and Neo Active Apatite groups at 5% level of significance (P < 0.05). The Vivasens group differed significantly from the Admira and Neo Active Apatite groups at 5% level of significance (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The Ormocer-based Admira Protect showed the best results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azher Banu Pathan
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Nagesh Bolla
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sarath Raj Kavuri
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Chukka Ram Sunil
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Bhargavi Damaraju
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sadhiq Khan Pattan
- Department of Orthodontics, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Biagi R, Cossellu G, Sarcina M, Pizzamiglio IT, Farronato G. Laser-assisted treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity: a literature review. ANNALI DI STOMATOLOGIA 2016; 6:75-80. [PMID: 26941892 DOI: 10.11138/ads/2015.6.3.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this literature review was to evaluate the effectiveness of the laser-assisted treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity. A review with inclusion and exclusion criteria was performed from January 2009 to December 2014 with electronic data-bases: MedLine via PubMed, Science Direct and Cochrane Library. Research of paper magazines by hand was not considered. Forty-three articles were selected between literature reviews, in vitro studies, clinical trials, pilot and preliminary studies. The items were divided into laser-used groups for an accurate description, and then the reading of results into various typologies. Laser-assisted treatment reduces dentinal hypersensitivity-related pain, but also a psychosomatic component must be considered, so further studies and more suitable follow-ups are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Biagi
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Milan; Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, UOC di Chirurgia Maxillo-Facciale ed Odontostomatologia, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianguido Cossellu
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Milan; Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, UOC di Chirurgia Maxillo-Facciale ed Odontostomatologia, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Sarcina
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Milan; Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, UOC di Chirurgia Maxillo-Facciale ed Odontostomatologia, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giampietro Farronato
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Milan; Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, UOC di Chirurgia Maxillo-Facciale ed Odontostomatologia, Milan, Italy
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Chiga S, Toro CVT, Lepri TP, Turssi CP, Colucci V, Corona SAM. Combined effect of fluoride varnish to Er:YAG or Nd:YAG laser on permeability of eroded root dentine. Arch Oral Biol 2015; 64:24-7. [PMID: 26752225 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2015.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the combined effect of fluoride varnish to Er:YAG or Nd:YAG laser on permeability of eroded root dentine. DESIGN Sixty slabs of bovine root dentine (2×2×2mm) were eroded with citric acid 0.3% (pH 3.2) during 2h and then kept in artificial saliva during 24h. Specimens were randomly assigned in 6 groups (n=10), to receive the following treatments: fluoride varnish; fluoride varnish+Er:YAG laser; fluoride varnish+Nd:YAG laser; non-fluoride varnish; non-fluoride varnish+Er:YAG laser; non-fluoride varnish+Nd:YAG laser. The Er:YAG (100mJ, 3Hz) and Nd:YAG (70mJ, 15Hz) were applied for 10s. Specimens were subjected to further erosive challenges with citric acid 0.3% 4×/day, during 1min, for 5 days, remaining in artificial saliva between cycles. Dentin permeability was then assessed. Two-way ANOVA demonstrated no significant interaction between laser and varnish (p=0.858). RESULTS No effect was also detected for the main factor varnish (p=0.768), while permeability of eroded root dentin was significantly lower when such substrate was laser-irradiated, no matter the laser source (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study concluded that Er:YAG and Nd:YAG lasers can be employed to control the permeability of eroded root dentin, regardless of fluoride varnish application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Chiga
- University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto-USP, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto, Av. do café, s/n, Monte Alegre, CEP:14040-904 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carmen Victoria Torres Toro
- University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto-USP, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto, Av. do café, s/n, Monte Alegre, CEP:14040-904 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Taísa Penazzo Lepri
- University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto-USP, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto, Av. do café, s/n, Monte Alegre, CEP:14040-904 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cecília Petroso Turssi
- São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Dental Research Center, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Campinas, Rua Dr. José Rocha Junqueira, 13, Swift, CEP:13045-755 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vivian Colucci
- University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto-USP, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto, Av. do café, s/n, Monte Alegre, CEP:14040-904 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silmara Aparecida Milori Corona
- University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto-USP, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto, Av. do café, s/n, Monte Alegre, CEP:14040-904 São Paulo, Brazil.
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Acar O, Tuncer D, Yuzugullu B, Celik C. The effect of dentin desensitizers and Nd:YAG laser pre-treatment on microtensile bond strength of self-adhesive resin cement to dentin. J Adv Prosthodont 2014; 6:88-95. [PMID: 24843392 PMCID: PMC4024564 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2014.6.2.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to evaluate if pre-treatment with desensitizers have a negative effect on microtensile bond strength before cementing a restoration using recently introduced self-adhesive resin cement to dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-five human molars' occlusal surfaces were ground to expose dentin; and were randomly grouped as (n=5); 1) Gluma-(Glutaraldehyde/HEMA) 2) Aqua-Prep F-(Fluoride), 3) Bisblock-(Oxalate), 4) Cervitec Plus-(Clorhexidine), 5) Smart protect-(Triclosan), 6) Nd:YAG laser, 7) No treatment (control). After applying the selected agent, RelyX U200 self-adhesive resin cement was used to bond composite resin blocks to dentin. All groups were subjected to thermocycling for 1000 cycles between 5-55℃. Each bonded specimen was sectioned to microbars (6 mm × 1 mm × 1 mm) (n=20). Specimens were submitted to microtensile bond strength test at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Levene's test, Kruskal-Wallis One-way Analysis of Variance, and Conover's nonparametric statistical analysis were used (P<.05). RESULTS Gluma, Smart Protect and Nd:YAG laser treatments showed comparable microtensile bond strengths compared with the control group (P>.05). The microtensile bond strengths of Aqua-Prep F, and Cervitec Plus were similar to each other but significantly lower than the control group (P<.05). Bisblock showed the lowest microtensile bond strength among all groups (P<.001). Most groups showed adhesive failure. CONCLUSION Within the limitation of this study, it is not recommended to use Aqua-prep F, Cervitec Plus and Bisblock on dentin when used with a self-adhesive resin cement due to the decrease they cause in bond strength. Beside, pre-treatment of dentin with Gluma, Smart protect, and Nd:YAG laser do not have a negative effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Acar
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Duygu Tuncer
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bulem Yuzugullu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cigdem Celik
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
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Palazon MT, Scaramucci T, Aranha ACC, Prates RA, Lachowski KM, Hanashiro FS, Youssef MN. Immediate and short-term effects of in-office desensitizing treatments for dentinal tubule occlusion. Photomed Laser Surg 2013; 31:274-82. [PMID: 23675985 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2012.3405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate the immediate and short-term effects of laser neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) irradiation and in-office desensitizing treatment on dentin tubule occlusion. BACKGROUND DATA Literature shows a lack of long-lasting treatments for dentin hypersensitivity. METHODS Forty-eight dentin slabs (4×4×2 mm) were ground flat, polished, and treated with 27% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) to open the dentinal tubules. Specimens were randomly divided into the following experimental groups (n=12): Group 1: Control (no treatment); Group 2: Nd:YAG laser irradiation (100 mJ, 85 J/cm(2) per pulse with a quartz fiber of 400 μm, in scanning movements); Group 3: In-office prophylaxis with pumice; Group 4: In-office Colgate Sensitive Pro-Relief™ Desensitizing Paste. Treatments were performed according to the manufacturer's instructions. After treatment, the specimens were submitted to a sequence of erosive and abrasive challenges, twice a day for 5 days. The specimens were qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated by scanning electron microscopy immediately after treatment and after 4 and 5 days. The response variable was the amount of occluded dentin tubules per area, determined by three different examiners with the use of visual criteria, with a standardized grade created in the PowerPoint program. Data were compared with ANOVA and Tukey's test, considering a 5% significance level. RESULTS Immediately after treatment, a reduction in the number of opened dentin tubules was observed for the laser group when compared with the control group (p<0.05). After the experimental procedures, there were no quantitative differences between the amount of opened dentin tubules for all groups; however, micrographs showed some qualitative tubule occlusion for the laser group after the erosive/abrasive challenge. CONCLUSIONS only laser irradiation was capable of immediately sealing the dentinal tubules; however, none of the treatments showed efficacy in maintaining tubule occlusion after the chemical and mechanical challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Traversa Palazon
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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