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Wongtrakul W, Charoenngam N, Ponvilawan B, Rujirachun P, Wattanachayakul P, Srikulmontri T, Hong N, Rai P, Ungprasert P. Hepatitis B virus infection and risk of gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Minerva Gastroenterol (Torino) 2023; 69:546-552. [PMID: 34240593 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5985.21.02946-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a well-established risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma. Recent studies have also suggested a higher risk of several extrahepatic cancers in patients with chronic HBV infection, including gastric cancer, even though the results are somewhat inconsistent. The current study was conducted to comprehensively investigate whether patients with HBV infection are at a higher risk of incident gastric cancer compared with individuals without HBV infection using systematic review and meta-analysis technique. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Systemic literature review was conducted using Embase and Medline database up to December 2019. Eligible studies had to be cohort studies that consisted of one group of patients with HBV infection and another group of individuals without HBV infection. Relative risk of incident gastric cancer between the groups must be reported. Point estimates and standard errors from each eligible study were combined together using the generic inverse variance method of DerSimonian and Laird. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS A total of 36,812 articles were identified. After two rounds of review, five articles with six cohorts of 120,995 HBV infected patients were included into the meta-analysis. The pooled analysis found that patients with HBV infection had a significantly higher risk of incident gastric cancer than individuals without HBV infection with the pooled risk ratio of 1.49 (95% CI: 1.20-1.85; I2=38%). CONCLUSIONS A significantly increased risk of incident gastric cancer among patients with chronic HBV infection was observed in this systematic review and meta-analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasit Wongtrakul
- Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nipith Charoenngam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ben Ponvilawan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pongprueth Rujirachun
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Phuuwadith Wattanachayakul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Nutchaphon Hong
- Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pavarist Rai
- Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Patompong Ungprasert
- Department of Rheumatic and Immunologic Diseases, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA -
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Zanetto A, Shalaby S, Feltracco P, Gambato M, Germani G, Russo FP, Burra P, Senzolo M. Recent Advances in the Management of Acute Variceal Hemorrhage. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10173818. [PMID: 34501265 PMCID: PMC8432221 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10173818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal bleeding is one of the most relevant causes of death in patients with cirrhosis and clinically significant portal hypertension, with gastroesophageal varices being the most frequent source of hemorrhage. Despite survival has improved thanks to the standardization on medical treatment aiming to decrease portal hypertension and prevent infections, mortality remains significant. In this review, our goal is to discuss the most recent advances in the management of esophageal variceal hemorrhage in cirrhosis with specific attention to the treatment algorithms involving the use of indirect measurement of portal pressure (HVPG) and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS), which aim to further reduce mortality in high-risk patients after acute variceal hemorrhage and in the setting of secondary prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Zanetto
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology, and Gastroenterology, Padova University Hospital, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy; (A.Z.); (S.S.); (M.G.); (G.G.); (F.P.R.); (P.B.)
| | - Sarah Shalaby
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology, and Gastroenterology, Padova University Hospital, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy; (A.Z.); (S.S.); (M.G.); (G.G.); (F.P.R.); (P.B.)
| | - Paolo Feltracco
- Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Department of Medicine, Padova University Hospital, 35128 Padova, Italy;
| | - Martina Gambato
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology, and Gastroenterology, Padova University Hospital, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy; (A.Z.); (S.S.); (M.G.); (G.G.); (F.P.R.); (P.B.)
| | - Giacomo Germani
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology, and Gastroenterology, Padova University Hospital, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy; (A.Z.); (S.S.); (M.G.); (G.G.); (F.P.R.); (P.B.)
| | - Francesco Paolo Russo
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology, and Gastroenterology, Padova University Hospital, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy; (A.Z.); (S.S.); (M.G.); (G.G.); (F.P.R.); (P.B.)
| | - Patrizia Burra
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology, and Gastroenterology, Padova University Hospital, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy; (A.Z.); (S.S.); (M.G.); (G.G.); (F.P.R.); (P.B.)
| | - Marco Senzolo
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology, and Gastroenterology, Padova University Hospital, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy; (A.Z.); (S.S.); (M.G.); (G.G.); (F.P.R.); (P.B.)
- Correspondence:
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