Canonical Correlation Between Self-Care Agency and Health-Related Self-Efficacy with Chronic Viral Hepatitis Patients

Effects of different intervention methods on psychological flexibility, negative emotions and sleep quality in chronic hepatitis B

BACKGROUND

Patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) experience various problems, including low psychological flexibility, negative emotions, and poor sleep quality. Therefore, effective nursing interventions are required to reduce adverse events. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) combined with enabling cognitive-behavioral education (ECBE) can improve patients' psychological and sleep. Therefore, we speculate that this may also be effective in patients with CHB.

AIM

To investigate the effects of different intervention methods on psychological flexibility, negative emotions, and sleep quality in patients with CHB.

METHODS

This retrospective study examined clinical and evaluation data of 129 patients with CHB. Intervention methods were divided into a conventional group (routine nursing, n = 69) and a combination group (ACT combined with ECBE, n = 60). We observed changes in psychological flexibility, negative emotions, sleep quality, and self-care ability in both groups. Observation items were evaluated using the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-2nd Edition (AAQ-II), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Exercise of Self-Care Agency Scale (ESCA).

RESULTS

Compared with the conventional group, the AAQ-II score of the combined group was lower (Fbetween-group effect = 8.548; Ftime effects = 25.020; Finteraction effects = 52.930; all P < 0.001), the SAS score (t = 5.445) and SDS score (t = 7.076) were lower (all P < 0.001), as were the PSQI dimensions (tsleep quality = 4.581, tfall sleep time = 2.826, tsleep time = 2.436, tsleep efficiency = 5.787, tsleep disorder = 5.008, thypnotic drugs = 3.786, tdaytime dysfunction = 4.812); all P < 0.05). The ESCA scores for all dimensions were higher (thealth knowledge level = 6.994, tself-concept = 5.902, tself-responsibility = 19.820, tself-care skills = 8.470; all P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION

ACT combined with ECBE in patients with CHB can improve psychological flexibility and sleep quality, alleviate negative emotions, and improve self-care.

Country-Level Governance Indicators as Predictors of COVID-19 Morbidity, Mortality, and Vaccination Coverage: An Exploratory Global Analysis

As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to affect all countries across the globe, this study seeks to investigate the relationship between nations' governance, COVID-19 national data, and nation-level COVID-19 vaccination coverage. National-level governance indicators (corruption index, voice and accountability, political stability, and absence of violence/terrorism), officially reported COVID-19 national data (cases, death, and tests per one million population), and COVID-19 vaccination coverage was considered for this study to predict COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. Results indicate a strong relationship between nations' governance and officially reported COVID-19 data. Countries were grouped into three clusters using only the governance data: politically stable countries, average countries or "less corrupt countries," and corrupt countries or "more corrupt countries." The clusters were then tested for significant differences in reporting various aspects of the COVID-19 data. According to multinomial regression, countries in the cluster of politically stable nations reported significantly more deaths, tests per one million, total cases per one million, and higher vaccination coverage compared with nations both in the clusters of corrupt countries and average countries. The countries in the cluster of average nations reported more tests per one million and higher vaccination coverage than countries in the cluster of corrupt nations. Countries included in the corrupt cluster reported a lower death rate and morbidity, particularly compared with the politically stable nations cluster, a trend that can be attributed to poor governance and inaccurate COVID-19 data reporting. The epidemic evaluation indices of the COVID-19 cases demonstrate that the pandemic is still evolving on a global level.

Effects of high-quality nursing intervention on negative emotions, postoperative complications and gastrointestinal function in patients with gastric cancer surgery

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the effects of high-quality nursing intervention on negative emotions, postoperative complications and gastrointestinal function of patients underwent gastric cancer (GC) surgery.

METHODS

From November 2017 to February 2019, a total of 164 GC patients who underwent operative treatment in our hospital were selected as the research subjects. Thereinto, 86 patients were given high-quality nursing intervention (research group, RG), and the other 78 received routine nursing intervention (control group, CG). The hospitalization time, expenses and the incidence of postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. After operation, the gastrointestinal function, negative emotions, postoperative pain, quality of life, nursing satisfaction, and ESCA and PSQI scores were compared between the two groups.

RESULTS

The hospitalization time was significantly shorter and expenses were obviously lower in patients of the RG than those in the CG. The incidence of postoperative complications in the RG was obviously lower than that in the CG. The gastrointestinal function indexes (time to anal exhaust, time to defecation, time to start eating, recovery time of bowel sounds, indwelling time of gastric tube, time of getting out of bed) of patients in the RG were obviously better. The SAS, SDS, PSQI scores and VAS scores at 24 h after operation of patients in the RG were obviously lower than those in the CG. The score of quality of life, scores of ESCA and nursing satisfaction of patients in the RG were obviously higher than those in the CG.

CONCLUSION

High-quality nursing intervention can dramatically improve negative emotions, reduce postoperative complications, ameliorate sleep quality, enhance self-care ability, relieve postoperative pain and improve quality of life and nursing satisfaction for patients undergoing GC surgery.

Orem's Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory: Relevance and Need for Refinement

The purpose of this article is to highlight the relevance of Orem's Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory (SCDNT) in contemporary and future practice, explicitly within the global self-care movement and interprofessional healthcare. The authors discuss the relevance and important strengths within Orem's nursing theory and recommend theoretical refinement within the context of significant societal and healthcare transformation. The constructs of global people-centered care and population health, with related social determinants of health, are identified as critical areas for development if SCDNT is to have continued relevance for nursing practice. Implications for theoretical thinking and nursing education are recommended.

Orem's self-care to treat acute coronary syndrome after PCI helps improve rehabilitation efficacy and quality of life

OBJECTIVE

This study was designed to probe into the influence of Orem's self-care model on the rehabilitation efficacy, disease cognition, self-care abilities and quality of life of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients after PCI.

METHODS

A total of 148 ACS patients who underwent PCI in our hospital from October 2018 to October 2019 were recruited as the study cohort. Based on the nursing method each patient received, they were divided into two groups. Among the patients in the study cohort, 78 treated using Orem's self-care were placed into the research group (RG), and 70 treated using conventional nursing were placed in the control group (CG). Their postoperative complications, rehabilitation efficacy, disease cognition, negative emotions, self-care abilities, and quality of life were compared.

RESULTS

After the nursing intervention, in the RG, the postoperative complications, the time of D-to-B, the getting out of bed times and the hospitalization stays were significantly shorter than they were in the CG, and the disease cognition and self-care abilities scores were significantly higher. In addition, compared with the CG, the patients' SAS and SDS scores in the RG were dramatically lower and the quality of life scores and the nursing satisfaction were markedly higher.

CONCLUSION

Orem's self-care for ACS after PCI helps to reduce postoperative complications and improves patients' negative emotions and their rehabilitation efficacy, disease cognition, self-care abilities, quality of life, and nursing satisfaction.

Effects of healthcare failure mode and effect analysis on the prevention of multi-drug resistant organisms infections in oral and maxillofacial surgery

OBJECTIVE

Care models of Healthcare Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) were evaluated for the prevention of multi-drug resistant organisms (MDRO) infections in oral and maxillofacial surgery.

METHODS

Two hundred patients who received oral and maxillofacial surgery from January to December 2017 were enrolled as the control group, and another 200 patients who received oral and maxillofacial surgery from January to December 2018 were enrolled as the FMEA group. The incidence of MDRO, the implementation of preventive and control measures, the mastery of preventive and control knowledge, and oral self-care ability were compared between the two groups. Risk Priority Number (RPN) and behavioral changes of health care personnel were observed in FMEA group.

RESULTS

The FMEA group had a lower incidence of MDRO (2.00%) than the control group (6.00%) and a higher rate of acquisition of prevention and control knowledge (93.00%) than the control group (84.50%) (P < 0.05). Patients in FMEA group were higher than those in the control group in terms of compliance towards isolation signs and precautions, appropriate use of PPE, implementation of disinfection measures, hand hygiene and exercise of self-care agency (ESCA) scale scores (P < 0.05). The total RPN score of the FMEA group before and after management was 1384 and 180, respectively, and the reduction rate of total RPN scores was 86.99%. Scores with regard to knowledge, attitude, and behavior of health care personnel were increased after FMEA treatment (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

The nursing model of FMEA for oral and maxillofacial surgery can prevent MDRO infections, reduce RPN, improve the implementation of preventive and control measures as well as oral self-care ability and the acquisition of knowledge.

Effect of care bundles on postoperative pain, negative emotions, and self-care ability of patients with acute dacryocystitis

AIM

This study aimed to investigate the effect of care bundles on the postoperative pain, negative emotions, and self-care ability of patients with acute dacryocystitis.

METHODS

We recruited 103 patients with acute dacryocystitis undergoing surgery in our hospital from July 2018 to October 2019 in this study. Among them, 55 patients received care bundles (the research group, RG) and the other 48 received conventional care (the control group, CG). The two groups were compared in response rate, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and Exercise of Self-Care Agency Scale (ESCA) before and after nursing interventions, as well as postoperative Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36), and patient satisfaction rate.

RESULTS

After the care, the RG had a markedly higher response rate than the CG. No significant differences were found in SAS and SDS scores between the two groups before nursing care, and lower scores were found in the RG after the care. There was no significant difference in VAS scores before nursing care, and the RG showed higher scores than the CG after the care. There was no significant difference in self-care skills, self-care responsibility, self-concept, health knowledge, and self-care ability between the two groups before nursing care, but they all increased after the care. Markedly higher scores of SF-36 and a higher patient satisfaction rate were observed in the RG after the care.

CONCLUSION

Care bundles can enhance the self-care ability of patients with acute dacryocystitis after surgery, reduce pain intensity, relieve negative emotions, improve quality of life, and increase patient satisfaction with nursing care.