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Ma Y, Jiang Q, Yang B, Hu X, Shen G, Shen W, Xu J. Platelet mitochondria, a potent immune mediator in neurological diseases. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1210509. [PMID: 37719457 PMCID: PMC10502307 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1210509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of the immune response is regarded as a prominent feature of neurological diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, malignant tumors, acute neurotraumatic insult, and cerebral ischemic/hemorrhagic diseases. Platelets play a fundamental role in normal hemostasis and thrombosis. Beyond those normal functions, platelets are hyperactivated and contribute crucially to inflammation and immune responses in the central nervous system (CNS). Mitochondria are pivotal organelles in platelets and are responsible for generating most of the ATP that is used for platelet activation and aggregation (clumping). Notably, platelet mitochondria show marked morphological and functional alterations under heightened inflammatory/oxidative stimulation. Mitochondrial dysfunction not only leads to platelet damage and apoptosis but also further aggravates immune responses. Improving mitochondrial function is hopefully an effective strategy for treating neurological diseases. In this review, the authors discuss the immunomodulatory roles of platelet-derived mitochondria (PLT-mitos) in neurological diseases and summarize the neuroprotective effects of platelet mitochondria transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ma
- Transfusion Research Department, Wuhan Blood Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Institute of Blood Transfusion of Hubei Province, Wuhan Blood Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- Transfusion Research Department, Wuhan Blood Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Institute of Blood Transfusion of Hubei Province, Wuhan Blood Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bingxin Yang
- Wuhan Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Transfusion Research Department, Wuhan Blood Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Institute of Blood Transfusion of Hubei Province, Wuhan Blood Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Shen
- Transfusion Research Department, Wuhan Blood Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Institute of Blood Transfusion of Hubei Province, Wuhan Blood Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Shen
- Wuhan Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Wuhan Blood Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Transfer to the clinic: refining forward programming of hPSCs to megakaryocytes for platelet production in bioreactors. Blood Adv 2021; 5:1977-1990. [PMID: 33843988 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020003236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of in vitro-derived platelets has great potential for transfusion medicine. Here, we build on our experience in the forward programming (FoP) of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) to megakaryocytes (MKs) and address several aspects of the complex challenges to bring this technology to the bedside. We first identify clinical-grade hPSC lines that generate MKs efficiently. We design a bespoke media to maximize both production and maturity of MKs and improve platelet output. Crucially, we transition the lentiviral-based FoP of hPSCs to a nonviral inducible system. We also show how small molecules promote a definitive hematopoiesis phenotype during the differentiation process, thereby increasing the quality of the final product. Finally, we generate platelets using a bioreactor designed to reproduce the physical cues that promote platelet production in the bone marrow. We show that these platelets are able to contribute to both thrombus formation in vitro and have a hemostatic effect in thrombocytopenic mice in vivo.
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Pennell EN, Shiels R, Vidimce J, Wagner KH, Shibeeb S, Bulmer AC. The impact of bilirubin ditaurate on platelet quality during storage. Platelets 2019; 31:884-896. [PMID: 31747815 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2019.1693038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Bilirubin ditaurate (BRT), a conjugated bilirubin analogue, has demonstrated anti-platelet characteristics following acute ex vivo exposure. Scavenging of mitochondrial superoxide and attenuation of granule exocytosis suggested a potential benefit for including BRT for storage. With no reports of cytotoxicity following acute exposure, the impact of 35µM BRT on platelet function was investigated, in clinically suppled units, for up to seven days. Exposure to 35µM BRT significantly reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and increased glucose consumption until exhaustion after 72 hours. Platelet aggregation and activation was significantly impaired by BRT. Mitochondrial superoxide production and phosphatidylserine expression were significantly elevated following glucose exhaustion, with decreased viability observed from day five onwards. Lactate accumulation and loss of bicarbonate, support a metabolic disturbance, leading to a decline of quality following BRT inclusion. Although acute ex vivo BRT exposure reported potentially beneficial effects, translation from acute to chronic exposure failed to combat declining platelet function during storage. BRT exposure resulted in perturbations of platelet quality, with the utility of BRT during storage therefore limited. However, these are the first data of prolonged platelet exposure to analogues of conjugated bilirubin and may improve our understanding of platelet function in the context of conjugated hyperbilirubinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Noel Pennell
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University , Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Ryan Shiels
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University , Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Josif Vidimce
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University , Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Karl-Heinz Wagner
- Research Platform Active Aging, Department of Nutritional Science, University of Vienna , Vienna Austria
| | - Sapha Shibeeb
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University , Gold Coast, Australia.,Endeavour College of Natural Health , Melbourne, Australia
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Corona de la Peña N, Gutiérrez-Aguilar M, Hernández-Reséndiz I, Marín-Hernández Á, Rodríguez-Enríquez S. Glycoprotein Ib activation by thrombin stimulates the energy metabolism in human platelets. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182374. [PMID: 28817667 PMCID: PMC5560607 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombin-induced platelet activation requires substantial amounts of ATP. However, the specific contribution of each ATP-generating pathway i.e., oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) versus glycolysis and the biochemical mechanisms involved in the thrombin-induced activation of energy metabolism remain unclear. Here we report an integral analysis on the role of both energy pathways in human platelets activated by several agonists, and the signal transducing mechanisms associated with such activation. We found that thrombin, Trap-6, arachidonic acid, collagen, A23187, epinephrine and ADP significantly increased glycolytic flux (3–38 times vs. non-activated platelets) whereas ristocetin was ineffective. OxPhos (33 times) and mitochondrial transmembrane potential (88%) were increased only by thrombin. OxPhos was the main source of ATP in thrombin-activated platelets, whereas in platelets activated by any of the other agonists, glycolysis was the principal ATP supplier. In order to establish the biochemical mechanisms involved in the thrombin-induced OxPhos activation in platelets, several signaling pathways associated with mitochondrial activation were analyzed. Wortmannin and LY294002 (PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitors), ristocetin and heparin (GPIb inhibitors) as well as resveratrol, ATP (calcium-release inhibitors) and PP1 (Tyr-phosphorylation inhibitor) prevented the thrombin-induced platelet activation. These results suggest that thrombin activates OxPhos and glycolysis through GPIb-dependent signaling involving PI3K and Akt activation, calcium mobilization and protein phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norma Corona de la Peña
- Unidad de Investigación en Trombosis, Hemostasia y Aterogénesis, Hospital Carlos McGregor, México City, México
- * E-mail: (SRE); (NCP)
| | - Manuel Gutiérrez-Aguilar
- Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | | | | | - Sara Rodríguez-Enríquez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, México City, México
- Laboratorio de Medicina Traslacional, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México City, México
- * E-mail: (SRE); (NCP)
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Hegde S, Cancelas JA. Dissecting the metabolic pathways controlling platelet survival in vivo: are our platelets what they eat? Transfusion 2016; 56:1928-31. [PMID: 27500916 DOI: 10.1111/trf.13684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shailaja Hegde
- Hoxworth Blood Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine.,Division of Experimental Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Jose A Cancelas
- Hoxworth Blood Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine.,Division of Experimental Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
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Influence of Oxidative Stress on Stored Platelets. Adv Hematol 2016; 2016:4091461. [PMID: 26949396 PMCID: PMC4754462 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4091461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet storage and its availability for transfusion are limited to 5-6 days. Oxidative stress (OS) is one of the causes for reduced efficacy and shelf-life of platelets. The studies on platelet storage have focused on improving the storage conditions by altering platelet storage solutions, temperature, and materials. Nevertheless, the role of OS on platelet survival during storage is still unclear. Hence, this study was conducted to investigate the influence of storage on platelets. Platelets were stored for 12 days at 22°C. OS markers such as aggregation, superoxides, reactive oxygen species, glucose, pH, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, and antioxidant enzymes were assessed. OS increased during storage as indicated by increments in aggregation, superoxides, pH, conjugate dienes, and superoxide dismutase and decrements in glucose and catalase. Thus, platelets could endure OS till 6 days during storage, due to the antioxidant defense system. An evident increase in OS was observed from day 8 of storage, which can diminish the platelet efficacy. The present study provides an insight into the gradual changes occurring during platelet storage. This lays the foundation towards new possibilities of employing various antioxidants as additives in storage solutions.
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Reply to: Comments on "Glucose ameliorates the metabolic profile and mitochondrial function of platelet concentrates during storage in autologous plasma". BLOOD TRANSFUSION = TRASFUSIONE DEL SANGUE 2013; 12:134-5. [PMID: 24333063 DOI: 10.2450/2013.0173-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Comments on "Glucose ameliorates the metabolic profile and mitochondrial function of platelet concentrates during storage in autologous plasma". BLOOD TRANSFUSION = TRASFUSIONE DEL SANGUE 2013; 12:133. [PMID: 24333064 DOI: 10.2450/2013.0110-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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