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Ashir A, Maya EG, Saiyed SR, Alimohamed TM, Jusabani MA, Abdel KA, Sadiq AM, Ali AM, Mandari FN. Postoperative Hemoglobin Drop and the Associated Factors among Elective Orthopedic Surgeries in Northern Tanzania. Adv Orthop 2024; 2024:4145592. [PMID: 38827523 PMCID: PMC11142858 DOI: 10.1155/2024/4145592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Having an estimated level of Hb drop in different orthopedic surgeries would help plan for surgery from pre- to postoperative periods. The aim of this study was to assess the Hb drop and the associated factors during the intraoperative period among elective orthopedic surgeries. Methods This was an analytic cross-sectional study conducted between October 2022 and March 2023, which included all patients admitted for elective orthopedic surgery who met the inclusion criteria. Data were collected before and after the patient was operated on. Information was analyzed using t-tests and ANOVA to establish the statistical significance of the Hb drop. Results A total of 195 participants were enrolled. The majority of the participants were male (62.1%), with the main etiology of symptoms being motor traffic accidents (31.8%). The most affected site was the femur (36.4%), followed by the spine (23.6%). The highest mean Hb drop was in total hip replacement surgeries (4.19 g/dL), with the overall mean Hb drop being 2.75 g/dL. A statistically significant difference was identified in diathermy use, duration of surgery, and patients with chronic illnesses. Conclusion With a mean Hb drop of 2.75 g/dL, the application of diathermy and surgeries with shorter durations resulted in a reduced Hb drop. These factors should be incorporated to minimize the drop in Hb in orthopedic surgeries. Accounting for differences in surgeries, there should not be delays in patients who have a preoperative Hb level that can sustain the mean Hb drop recorded in the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel Ashir
- Faculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Elifuraha G. Maya
- Faculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania
| | | | | | | | - Kulthum A. Abdel
- Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Abid M. Sadiq
- Faculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Ali Mohamed Ali
- Faculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Faiton Ndesanjo Mandari
- Faculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania
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Şanal L, Günaydın S, Tatar M. Cost-Effectiveness and Budget Impact Analyses of Patient Blood Management in a Cardiovascular Surgery Department at Ankara Bilkent City Hospital in Turkey. Adv Ther 2024; 41:716-729. [PMID: 38110651 PMCID: PMC10838852 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-023-02733-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Anemia and transfusion of blood products are risk factors associated with poor patient outcomes across all elective surgeries. Patient blood management (PBM) is a patient-centered approach to optimize patient's endogenous red cell mass, to minimize blood loss in patients undergoing surgery, and to harness and optimize patient-specific physiological tolerance to anemia. This study aimed to assess (1) the impact of PBM on blood product usage in cardiovascular surgeries in a state hospital setting, (2) cost-effectiveness of PBM with a model based on transfusion of red blood cells (RBCs) in cardiovascular surgeries, and (3) the budget impact of PBM implementation based on transfusion of RBCs. METHODS Cost-effectiveness and budget impact models, based on the numbers of avoided transfusions and avoided complications after implementation of the PBM program, were compared between pre- and post-PBM periods at the cardiovascular surgery department of Ankara Bilkent City Hospital between February 11, 2019 and July 24, 2022. The probabilities of transfusions and complications with and without PBM were taken from recent meta-analyses. Data from the Ankara Bilkent City Hospital transfusion center informed the pre- and post-PBM calculations. Costs were calculated from the Social Security Institution's perspective. RESULTS There was a 21% decrease in the use of RBCs and a 23.7% decrease in use of all blood products after the implementation of PBM. The number of RBC packs per patient reduced by 0.88 packs (21%). The cost saving from reduction of RBC transfusions per patient was 518.68 Turkish lira (TRY) and for the hospital it was 1,635,948 TRY. Fewer complications and lower costs in favor of the post-PBM arm were demonstrated in the cost-effectiveness analysis. On the basis of the budget impact model, in 20 months, the hospital's cardiovascular surgery department saved 6,596,934 TRY (€342,302). CONCLUSION This hospital-based study demonstrated that PBM is a budget-saving and cost-effective option in Turkey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laser Şanal
- Transfusion Center, Ministry of Health, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital Campus, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Serdar Günaydın
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Health Sciences, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital Campus, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehtap Tatar
- Vitale Health Economics, Policy and Consultancy, London, UK
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Garcia AR, Ling K, Al-Humadi S, Komatsu DE, Wang ED. Preoperative Anemia as a Risk Factor for Postoperative Complications After Open Reduction Internal Fixation of Distal Radius Fractures. JOURNAL OF HAND SURGERY GLOBAL ONLINE 2023; 5:804-809. [PMID: 38106939 PMCID: PMC10721508 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsg.2023.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The incidence of distal radius fractures (DRFs) in the United States is more than 640,000 cases per year and is projected to increase. The overall prevalence of anemia in the United States increased from 5.71% in 2005 to 6.86% in 2018. Therefore, preoperative anemia may be an important risk factor to consider before surgical fixation of a distal radius fracture. The purpose of this study was to investigate preoperative anemia and its association with short-term complications after surgical treatment of DRFs. Methods The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was queried for all patients who underwent open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) of DRFs between 2015 and 2020. The initial pool of patients was divided into cohorts based on preoperative hematocrit. Multivariate logistic regression, adjusted for all significantly associated patient demographics and comorbidities, was used to identify associations between preoperative anemia and postoperative complications after ORIF of DRFs. Results A total of 22,923 patients who underwent ORIF of DRFs were identified in National Surgical Quality Improvement Program from 2015 to 2020. Of the 12,068 patients remaining after exclusion criteria, 9,616 (79.7%) patients were included in the normal cohort, 2,238 (18.5%) patients were included in the mild anemia cohort, and 214 (1.8%) patients were included in the severe anemia cohort. Compared with the reference cohort, patients with any anemia were independently associated with higher rates of reintubation (odds ratio [OR], 6.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.29-32.80; P = .023), blood transfusion (OR, 11.83; 95% CI, 3.95-35.45; P < .001), septic shock (OR, 10.76; 95% CI, 1.19-97.02; P = .034), readmission (OR, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.60-2.76; P < .001), nonhome discharge (OR, 2.22; 95% CI, 1.84-2.68; P < .001), and mortality (OR, 2.70; 1.03-7.07; P = .043). Conclusions Preoperative anemia, both mild and severe, were clinically significant predictors for postoperative complications within 30-day after ORIF of DRFs. Severe anemia was associated with higher rates of blood transfusion, nonhome discharge, and mortality compared with mild anemia. Type of study/level of evidence Prognostic III.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kenny Ling
- Department of Orthopaedics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Samer Al-Humadi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - David E. Komatsu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Edward D. Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
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Tatar M, Alkış N, Yıldırım Güçlü Ç, Bermede O, Erdemli B, Günaydın S. Cost-Effectiveness and Budget Impact of Comprehensive Anemia Management, The First Pillar of Patient Blood Management, on the Turkish Healthcare System. CLINICOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2022; 14:415-426. [PMID: 35669886 PMCID: PMC9166278 DOI: 10.2147/ceor.s360944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Methods Results Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehtap Tatar
- Polar Health Economics and Policy, Ankara, Turkey
- Correspondence: Mehtap Tatar, Polar Health Economics and Policy, Mustafa Kemal Mah. Dumlupınar Bulvarı No:266 Tepe Prime İş Merkezi A Blok No 18, 06800 Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey, Tel +90 532 5538324, Email
| | - Neslihan Alkış
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Çiğdem Yıldırım Güçlü
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Onat Bermede
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bülent Erdemli
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serdar Günaydın
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Health Sciences, Ankara City Hospital Campus, Ankara, Turkey
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Greenberg JA, Zwiep TM, Sadek J, Malcolm JC, Mullen KA, McIsaac DI, Musselman RP, Moloo H. Clinical practice guideline: evidence, recommendations and algorithm for the preoperative optimization of anemia, hyperglycemia and smoking. Can J Surg 2021; 64:E491-E509. [PMID: 34598927 PMCID: PMC8526150 DOI: 10.1503/cjs.011519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Preoperative optimization has not been explored comprehensively in the surgical literature, as this responsibility has often been divided among surgery, anesthesia and medicine. We developed an evidence-based clinical practice guideline to summarize existing evidence and present diagnostic and treatment algorithms for use by surgeons caring for patients scheduled to undergo major elective surgery. We focus on 3 common comorbid conditions seen across surgical specialties - anemia, hyperglycemia and smoking - as these conditions increase complication rates in patients undergoing major surgery and can be optimized successfully as soon as 6-8 weeks before surgery. With the ability to address these conditions earlier in the patient journey, surgeons can positively affect patient outcomes. The aim of this guideline is to bring optimization in the preoperative period under the existing umbrella of evidence-based surgical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Greenberg
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont. (Greenberg, Zwiep, Sadek, Musselman, Moloo); the Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont. (Saidenberg, Malcolm); the Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont. (Saidenberg, McIsaac, Moloo); the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ont. (Mullen); and the Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont. (McIsaac)
| | - Terry M Zwiep
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont. (Greenberg, Zwiep, Sadek, Musselman, Moloo); the Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont. (Saidenberg, Malcolm); the Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont. (Saidenberg, McIsaac, Moloo); the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ont. (Mullen); and the Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont. (McIsaac)
| | - Joseph Sadek
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont. (Greenberg, Zwiep, Sadek, Musselman, Moloo); the Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont. (Saidenberg, Malcolm); the Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont. (Saidenberg, McIsaac, Moloo); the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ont. (Mullen); and the Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont. (McIsaac)
| | - Janine C Malcolm
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont. (Greenberg, Zwiep, Sadek, Musselman, Moloo); the Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont. (Saidenberg, Malcolm); the Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont. (Saidenberg, McIsaac, Moloo); the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ont. (Mullen); and the Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont. (McIsaac)
| | - Kerri A Mullen
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont. (Greenberg, Zwiep, Sadek, Musselman, Moloo); the Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont. (Saidenberg, Malcolm); the Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont. (Saidenberg, McIsaac, Moloo); the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ont. (Mullen); and the Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont. (McIsaac)
| | - Daniel I McIsaac
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont. (Greenberg, Zwiep, Sadek, Musselman, Moloo); the Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont. (Saidenberg, Malcolm); the Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont. (Saidenberg, McIsaac, Moloo); the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ont. (Mullen); and the Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont. (McIsaac)
| | - Reilly P Musselman
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont. (Greenberg, Zwiep, Sadek, Musselman, Moloo); the Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont. (Saidenberg, Malcolm); the Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont. (Saidenberg, McIsaac, Moloo); the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ont. (Mullen); and the Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont. (McIsaac)
| | - Husein Moloo
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont. (Greenberg, Zwiep, Sadek, Musselman, Moloo); the Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont. (Saidenberg, Malcolm); the Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont. (Saidenberg, McIsaac, Moloo); the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ont. (Mullen); and the Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont. (McIsaac)
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Zwiep TM, Gilbert RWD, Moloo H, Touchie D, Martel G, Wallace T, Bertens KA. Improving the treatment of pre-operative anemia in hepato-pancreato-biliary patients: a quality improvement initiative. Patient Saf Surg 2020; 14:18. [PMID: 32346397 PMCID: PMC7181477 DOI: 10.1186/s13037-020-00239-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pre-operative anemia is a common, but treatable, condition encountered by surgical patients. It has been associated with increased perioperative complications, length of stay, and blood transfusions. The aim of this project was to increase the treatment rate of pre-operative anemia to 75% of patients consented for major hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB) surgery. Methods This was an interrupted time series study and a spread initiative from a similar project in a colorectal surgery population. Interventions included an anemia screening and treatment algorithm, standardized blood work, referral to a patient blood management program, and standardized oral iron prescriptions. The primary outcome measure was the change in pre-operative anemia treatment rate and the secondary outcome measure was the post treatment increase in hemoglobin. Results A total of 208 patients were included (n = 124 pre-intervention and n = 84 post-intervention). Anemia was present in 39.9% of patients. The treatment rate of pre-operative anemia increased to 44.1% from 28.6%. The mean hemoglobin increased from 110 g/L to 119 g/L in patients who were treated (p = 0.03). There was no significant increase or decrease in blood transfusions or mean number of red cell units transfused per patient. Screening rates for pre-operative anemia increased from 41.1 to 64.3% and appropriate referrals to the patient blood management program increased from 14.3 to 67.6%. Conclusions This study demonstrates a small scale spread initiative focused on the treatment of pre-operative anemia. Although the goal to treat 75% of anemic patients was not reached, an effective referral pathway to an existing patient blood management program was developed, and a significant increase in the mean hemoglobin in anemic patients who have been treated pre-operatively was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry M Zwiep
- 1Department of Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Canada
| | - Richard W D Gilbert
- 2Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital - General Campus, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8 L6 Canada
| | - Husein Moloo
- 2Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital - General Campus, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8 L6 Canada
| | - Donna Touchie
- 3Surgical Blood Management Program, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Guillaume Martel
- 2Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital - General Campus, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8 L6 Canada
| | - Tom Wallace
- 2Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital - General Campus, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8 L6 Canada
| | - Kimberly A Bertens
- 2Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital - General Campus, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8 L6 Canada
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Shin HW, Park JJ, Kim HJ, You HS, Choi SU, Lee MJ. Efficacy of perioperative intravenous iron therapy for transfusion in orthopedic surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215427. [PMID: 31059515 PMCID: PMC6502310 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Perioperative anemia frequently occurs in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of perioperative intravenous iron therapy (IVIT) on transfusion and recovery profiles during orthopedic surgery. We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Google Scholar for eligible clinical trials (randomized controlled trials, RCTs; case-control studies, CCSs) in comparing IVIT and no iron therapy, up to September 2018. Primary outcomes were the effects of IVIT on the proportion of patients transfused and units of red blood cells (RBCs) transfused perioperatively. Secondary outcomes were the effects of IVIT on recovery profiles, such as length of hospital stay (LOS), post-operative infection, and mortality. Subgroup analysis was performed based on iron dose (low: ≤ 300 mg, high: > 400 mg), IVIT period (pre-operative, post-operative, perioperative), and study design. We identified 12 clinical trials (4 RCTs with 616 patients and 8 CCSs with 1,253 patients). IVIT significantly reduced the proportion of patients transfused by 31% (RR, 0.69; P = 0.0002), and units of RBCs transfused by 0.34 units/person (MD, -0.34; P = 0.0007). For subgroup analysis by iron dose, low- or high-dose IVIT significantly reduced the proportion of patients transfused (RR, 0.73, P = 0.005; RR, 0.68, P = 0.008), and RBC units transfused (MD, -0.47, P < 0.0001; MD, -0.28, P = 0.04). For subgroup analysis by period, IVIT administered post-operatively significantly reduced the proportion of patients transfused (post-operative: RR, 0.60, P = 0.002; pre-operative: RR, 0.74, P = 0.06) and RBC units transfused (post-operative: MD, -0.44, P <0.00001; pre-operative: MD, -0.29, P = 0.06). For subgroup analysis by study design, IVIT decreased the proportion of patients transfused and RBC units transfused in the group of CCSs, but IVIT in the group of RCTs did not. IVIT significantly shortened LOS by 1.6 days (P = 0.0006) and reduced post-operative infections by 33% (P = 0.01). IVIT did not change mortality. Perioperative IVIT during orthopedic surgery, especially post-operatively, appears to reduce the proportion of patients transfused and units of RBCs transfused, with shorter LOS and decreased infection rate, but no change in mortality rate. These were only found in CCSs and not in RCTs due to the relatively small number of RCTs with low to high risk of bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Won Shin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
| | - Jeong Jun Park
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Sun You
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Uk Choi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mee Ju Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Implementation of a patient blood management programme in obstetrics: let's do it! BLOOD TRANSFUSION = TRASFUSIONE DEL SANGUE 2019; 17:87-88. [PMID: 31013248 DOI: 10.2450/2019.0269-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Franchini M, Liumbruno GM. The key role of tranexamic acid in Patient Blood Management programmes. BLOOD TRANSFUSION = TRASFUSIONE DEL SANGUE 2018; 16:471-472. [PMID: 30388070 PMCID: PMC6214825 DOI: 10.2450/2018.0177-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Franchini
- Italian National Blood Centre, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
- Department of Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, “Carlo Poma” Hospital, Mantua, Italy
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Efficacy of topical tranexamic acid within a blood-saving programme for primary total hip arthroplasty: a pragmatic, open-label randomised study. BLOOD TRANSFUSION = TRASFUSIONE DEL SANGUE 2018; 16:490-497. [PMID: 30201083 DOI: 10.2450/2018.0133-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Total hip arthroplasty entails considerable peri-operative blood loss, which may lead to acute post-operative anaemia and red blood cell transfusion. This study was aimed at assessing whether the addition of topical tranexamic acid to our ongoing blood-saving protocol for total hip arthroplasty was effective and safe. MATERIALS AND METHODS A pragmatic, prospective, open-label randomised study of patients scheduled for total hip arthroplasty at a single centre was conducted. Consecutive patients were randomly assigned to receive topical tranexamic acid (2 g) at the end of surgery (tranexamic group, n=125) or not (control group, n=129). A restrictive transfusion protocol was applied. Outcome measures were red blood cell loss at 24 hours after surgery, in-hospital transfusion rate, and incidence of thromboembolic complications. RESULTS Topical tranexamic acid was effective in reducing both red cell loss (mean difference: 138 mL [95% CI 87-189 mL]; p<0.001) in the 24h after surgery and in-hospital transfusion rates (12 vs 32.6%, for the tranexamic acid and control groups, respectively; p<0.001; relative risk=0.37 [95% CI 0.22-0.63]). However, relative red cell loss and transfusion rates were higher in females than in males, irrespectively of tranexamic acid use. The beneficial effect of tranexamic acid on transfusion was restricted to patients with pre-operative haemoglobin ≥13 g/dL (5.1 vs 24.8%; p<0.001). Topical tranexamic acid was well tolerated and no clinically apparent thromboembolic complications were witnessed. DISCUSSION The use of topical tranexamic acid after hip arthroplasty reduced red cell loss and transfusion rates; the efficacy of this strategy may be improved by reinforcing both pre-operative haemoglobin optimisation and adherence to the practice of transfusing single units of red cells.
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Safety and efficacy of tranexamic acid for prevention of obstetric haemorrhage: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. BLOOD TRANSFUSION = TRASFUSIONE DEL SANGUE 2018; 16:329-337. [PMID: 29757132 DOI: 10.2450/2018.0026-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of clinical systematic review and meta-analysis have been published on the use of tranexamic in the obstetric setting. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss when given prior to caesarean delivery. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched the Cochrane Wounds Specialized Register, Cochrane Central, MEDLINE (through PUBMED), Embase, and SCOPUS electronic databases. We also searched clinical trials registries for ongoing and unpublished studies, and checked reference lists to identify additional studies. We used no restrictions with respect to language and date of publication. Two review authors independently performed study selection, "Risk of bias" assessment, and data extraction. Initial disagreements were resolved by discussion, or by including a third review author when necessary. RESULTS We found 18 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that met our inclusion criteria. Overall, 1,764 women receiving intravenous tranexamic acid for prevention of bleeding following caesarean sections and 1,793 controls receiving placebo were enrolled in the 18 RCTs evaluated. The use of tranexamic acid compared to controls (placebo or no intervention) reduces post-partum haemorrhage >400 mL (risk ratio [RR] 0.40, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.24-0.65; 5 trials with a total of 786 participants), severe post-partum haemorrhage >1,000 mL (RR 0.32, 95% CI: 0.12-0.84; 5 trials with a total of 1,850 participants), and need for red blood cell transfusion (RR 0.30, 95% CI: 0.18-0.49; 10 trials with a total of 1,873 participants). No particular safety concerns on the use of this antifibrinolytic agent emerged from the analysis of the 18 RCTs included. DISCUSSION Overall, the results of this meta-analysis support the evidence of a beneficial effect of tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss and need for blood transfusion in pregnant women undergoing caesarean section.
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Peri-operative anaemia management in major orthopaedic surgery: the need to find a pathway. BLOOD TRANSFUSION = TRASFUSIONE DEL SANGUE 2017; 15:289-291. [PMID: 28151384 DOI: 10.2450/2017.0296-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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