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UENO H, YAMATO O, SUGIURA T, KOHYAMA M, YABUKI A, MIYOSHI K, MATSUDA K, UCHIDE T. GM1 gangliosidosis in a Japanese domestic cat: a new variant identified in Hokkaido, Japan. J Vet Med Sci 2016; 78:91-5. [PMID: 26234889 PMCID: PMC4751122 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.15-0281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A male Japanese domestic cat with retarded growth in Hokkaido, Japan, showed progressive motor dysfunction, such as ataxia starting at 3 months of age and tremors, visual disorder and seizure after 4 months of age. Finally, the cat died of neurological deterioration at 9 months of age. Approximately half of the peripheral blood lymphocytes had multiple abnormal vacuoles. Magnetic resonance imaging showed bisymmetrical hyperintensity in the white matter of the parietal and occipital lobes in the forebrain on T2-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images, and mild encephalatrophy of the olfactory bulbs and temporal lobes. The activity of lysosomal acid β-galactosidase in leukocytes was negligible, resulting in the biochemical diagnosis of GM1 gangliosidosis. Histologically, swollen neurons characterized by accumulation of pale, slightly granular cytoplasmic materials were observed throughout the central nervous system. Dysmyelination or demyelination and gemistocytic astrocytosis were observed in the white matter. Ultrastructually, membranous cytoplasmic bodies were detected in the lysosomes of neurons. However, genetic analysis did not identify the c.1448G>C mutation, which is the single known mutation of feline GM1 gangliosidosis, suggesting that the cat was affected with a new variant of the feline disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi UENO
- Department of Veterinary Orthopedic and Neurosurgery, School
of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midori-machi, Bunkyo-dai, Ebetsu,
Hokkaido 069–8501, Japan
| | - Osamu YAMATO
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Joint Faculty of
Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1–21–24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890–0065,
Japan
| | - Takeshi SUGIURA
- Sugiura Pet Clinic, 1–2 Shinei, Kiyota-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido
004–0831, Japan
| | - Moeko KOHYAMA
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Joint Faculty of
Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1–21–24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890–0065,
Japan
| | - Akira YABUKI
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Joint Faculty of
Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1–21–24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890–0065,
Japan
| | - Kenjiro MIYOSHI
- Department of Veterinary Anesthesiology, School of
Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midori-machi, Bunkyo-dai, Ebetsu,
Hokkaido 069–8501, Japan
| | - Kazuya MATSUDA
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary
Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midori-machi, Bunkyo-dai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido
069–8501, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi UCHIDE
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, School of
Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midori-machi, Bunkyo-dai, Ebetsu,
Hokkaido 069–8501, Japan
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Rahman MM, Yabuki A, Kohyama M, Mitani S, Mizukami K, Uddin MM, Chang HS, Kushida K, Kishimoto M, Yamabe R, Yamato O. Real-time PCR genotyping assay for GM2 gangliosidosis variant 0 in toy poodles and the mutant allele frequency in Japan. J Vet Med Sci 2013; 76:295-9. [PMID: 24161966 PMCID: PMC3982823 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.13-0443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
GM2 gangliosidosis variant 0 (Sandhoff disease, SD) is a fatal, progressive
neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disease caused by mutations of the
HEXB gene. In canine SD, a pathogenic mutation (c.283delG) of the
canine HEXB gene has been identified in toy poodles. In the present
study, a TaqMan probe-based real-time PCR genotyping assay was developed and evaluated for
rapid and large-scale genotyping and screening for this mutation. Furthermore, a
genotyping survey was carried out in a population of toy poodles in Japan to determine the
current mutant allele frequency. The real-time PCR assay clearly showed all genotypes of
canine SD. The assay was suitable for large-scale survey as well as diagnosis, because of
its high throughput and rapidity. The genotyping survey demonstrated a carrier frequency
of 0.2%, suggesting that the current mutant allele frequency is low in Japan. However,
there may be population stratification in different places, because of the founder effect
by some carriers. Therefore, this new assay will be useful for the prevention and control
of SD in toy poodles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahbubur Rahman
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Kohrimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
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Botes M, de Kwaadsteniet M, Cloete TE. Application of quantitative PCR for the detection of microorganisms in water. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 405:91-108. [PMID: 23001336 PMCID: PMC7079929 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6399-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Revised: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The occurrence of microorganisms in water due to contamination is a health risk and control thereof is a necessity. Conventional detection methods may be misleading and do not provide rapid results allowing for immediate action. The quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method has proven to be an effective tool to detect and quantify microorganisms in water within a few hours. Quantitative PCR assays have recently been developed for the detection of specific adeno- and polyomaviruses, bacteria and protozoa in different water sources. The technique is highly sensitive and able to detect low numbers of microorganisms. Quantitative PCR can be applied for microbial source tracking in water sources, to determine the efficiency of water and wastewater treatment plants and act as a tool for risk assessment. Different qPCR assays exist depending on whether an internal control is used or whether measurements are taken at the end of the PCR reaction (end-point qPCR) or in the exponential phase (real-time qPCR). Fluorescent probes are used in the PCR reaction to hybridise within the target sequence to generate a signal and, together with specialised systems, quantify the amount of PCR product. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (q-RT-PCR) is a more sensitive technique that detects low copy number RNA and can be applied to detect, e.g. enteric viruses and viable microorganisms in water, and measure specific gene expression. There is, however, a need to standardise qPCR protocols if this technique is to be used as an analytical diagnostic tool for routine monitoring. This review focuses on the application of qPCR in the detection of microorganisms in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marelize Botes
- Department of Microbiology, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag XI, Matieland 7602, Stellenbosch, Western Cape 7602, South Africa.
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Uddin MM, Tanimoto T, Yabuki A, Kotani T, Kuwamura M, Chang HS, Yamato O. Mutation analysis of GM1 gangliosidosis in a Siamese cat from Japan in the 1960s. J Feline Med Surg 2012; 14:900-2. [PMID: 22772479 PMCID: PMC11108002 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x12454120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
GM1 gangliosidosis is a fatal, progressive neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disease caused by mutations of the β-galactosidase (GLB1) gene. In feline GM1 gangliosidosis, a pathogenic mutation (c.1448G>C) of the feline GLB1 gene was identified in Siamese and Korat cats previously diagnosed with the disease in the USA and Italy, respectively. The present study demonstrated the same mutation in a Siamese cat that had been diagnosed with GM1 gangliosidosis in Japan in the 1960s. The mutation was confirmed using DNA extracted from stored paraffin-embedded brain tissue by a direct sequencing method and a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. This pathogenic mutation seems to have been distributed around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad M Uddin
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan
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Uddin MM, Hossain MA, Rahman MM, Chowdhury MA, Tanimoto T, Yabuki A, Mizukami K, Chang HS, Yamato O. Identification of Bangladeshi domestic cats with GM1 gangliosidosis caused by the c.1448G>C mutation of the feline GLB1 gene: case study. J Vet Med Sci 2012; 75:395-7. [PMID: 23123943 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.12-0307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
GM1 gangliosidosis is a fatal, progressive neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disease caused by mutations in the β-galactosidase (GLB1) gene. In feline GM1 gangliosidosis, a pathogenic mutation (c.1448G>C) in the feline GLB1 gene was identified in Siamese cats in the United States and Japan and in Korat cats in Western countries. The present study found the homozygous c.1448G>C mutation in 2 apparent littermate native kittens in Bangladesh that were exhibiting neurological signs. This is the first identification of GM1 gangliosidosis in native domestic cats in Southeast Asia. This pathogenic mutation seems to have been present in the domestic cat population in the Siamese region and may have been transferred to pure breeds such as Siamese and Korat cats originating in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mejbah Uddin
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Kohrimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
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