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Schmid SM, Hoffman JM, Prescott J, Ernst H, Promislow DEL, Creevy KE. The companion dog as a model for inflammaging: a cross-sectional pilot study. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01217-w. [PMID: 38822125 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01217-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammaging, the chronic, progressive proinflammatory state associated with aging, has been associated with multiple negative health outcomes in humans. The pathophysiology of inflammaging is complex; however, it is often characterized by high serum concentrations of inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, and C-reactive protein (CRP). Few studies have evaluated the effects of age on inflammatory cytokines in companion dogs, and most of these studies included dogs of a single breed. In this cross-sectional study, we measured multiple circulating inflammatory markers and hematological parameters in banked serum samples from 47 healthy companion dogs of various breeds enrolled in the Dog Aging Project. Using univariate linear models, we investigated the association of each of these markers with age, sex, body weight, and body condition score (BCS), a measure of obesity in the dog. Serum IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α concentrations were all positively associated with age. Lymphocyte count was negatively associated with age. Platelet count had a negative association with body weight. IL-2, albumin, cholesterol, triglyceride, bilirubin, S100A12, and NMH concentrations were not associated with age, weight, BCS, or sex after adjustment for multiple comparisons. Our findings replicate previous findings in humans, including increases in IL-6 and TNF-α with age, giving more evidence to the strength of the companion dog as a model for human aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Schmid
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
| | - Jessica M Hoffman
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Jena Prescott
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Holley Ernst
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Daniel E L Promislow
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center On Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kate E Creevy
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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Frank MJ, Khattab MR, Wills RW, Archer TM, Mackin AJ, Suchodolski JS, Lidbury JA, Steiner JM, Sullivant AM, Thomason JM. Effects of leukoreduction on N-methylhistamine concentration in stored units of canine whole blood. Am J Vet Res 2021; 82:890-896. [PMID: 34669495 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.82.11.890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of leukoreduction on N-methylhistamine (NMH; a stable histamine metabolite) concentration in units of canine whole blood during storage and incubation at room temperature (approx 22 °C) to simulate temperature conditions during transfusion. ANIMALS 8 healthy adult Walker Hounds. PROCEDURES A standard unit of blood (450 mL) was obtained from each dog twice, with at least 28 days between donations. Blood units collected from 4 dogs during the first donation underwent leukoreduction, whereas the blood units collected from the other 4 dogs did not undergo leukoreduction, prior to storage at 4 °C. The alternate treatment was applied to blood units collected during the second donation. A sample from each unit was obtained for determination of plasma NMH concentration the day of donation (before and after leukoreduction when applicable) and before and after incubation at room temperature for 5 hours on days 14 and 28 of storage. RESULTS Units that underwent leukoreduction had substantially lower leukocyte and platelet counts than nonleukoreduced units. Plasma NMH concentration increased immediately after leukoreduction but did not change significantly during the subsequent 28 days of storage, nor did it differ between units that did and did not undergo leukoreduction. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Leukoreduction and simulated transfusion temperature did not affect the histamine load in units of canine whole blood during the first 28 days of storage. Further research is necessary to determine whether histamine contributes to the development and severity of blood transfusion reactions in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariah J Frank
- From the Atlantic Veterinary Internal Medicine and Oncology Hospital, Towson, MD 21286
| | - Mohammad R Khattab
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Robert W Wills
- Departments of Comparative Biomedical Sciences and Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762
| | - Todd M Archer
- Departments of Comparative Biomedical Sciences and Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762
| | - Andrew J Mackin
- Departments of Comparative Biomedical Sciences and Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762
| | - Jan S Suchodolski
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Jonathan A Lidbury
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Joerg M Steiner
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Alyssa M Sullivant
- Departments of Comparative Biomedical Sciences and Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762
| | - John M Thomason
- Departments of Comparative Biomedical Sciences and Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762
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Rodríguez-Hernández P, Cardador MJ, Arce L, Rodríguez-Estévez V. Analytical Tools for Disease Diagnosis in Animals via Fecal Volatilome. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2020; 52:917-932. [PMID: 33180561 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1843130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Volatilome analysis is growing in attention for the diagnosis of diseases in animals and humans. In particular, volatilome analysis in fecal samples is starting to be proposed as a fast, easy and noninvasive method for disease diagnosis. Volatilome comprises volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which are produced during both physiological and patho-physiological processes. Thus, VOCs from a pathological condition often differ from those of a healthy state and therefore the VOCs profile can be used in the detection of some diseases. Due to their strengths and advantages, feces are currently being used to obtain information related to health status in animals. However, they are complex samples, that can present problems for some analytical techniques and require special consideration in their use and preparation before analysis. This situation demands an effort to clarify which analytic options are currently being used in the research context to analyze the possibilities these offer, with the final objectives of contributing to develop a standardized methodology and to exploit feces potential as a diagnostic matrix. The current work reviews the studies focused on the diagnosis of animal diseases through fecal volatilome in order to evaluate the analytical methods used and their advantages and limitations. The alternatives found in the literature for sampling, storage, sample pretreatment, measurement and data treatment have been summarized, considering all the steps involved in the analytical process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M J Cardador
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemistry and Nanochemistry, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - L Arce
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemistry and Nanochemistry, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
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Parambeth JC, López FR, Lopez R, Keyser SB, Lidbury JA, Suchodolski JS, Steiner JM. Fecal Concentrations of N-methylhistamine in Common Marmosets ( Callithrix jacchus). Comp Med 2019; 69:130-134. [PMID: 30803469 DOI: 10.30802/aalas-cm-18-000040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic enteritis (CLE) is a frequent disease in common marmosets. However, no diagnostic test for early detection of CLE is available. Mast cells have an important role in gastrointestinal disease. The purpose of this study was to measure fecal concentrations of N-methylhistamine (NMH), a breakdown product of histamine metabolism, in common marmosets. A previously established NMH gas chromatography-mass spectrometry assay for canine feces and urine was used, and partial validation was performed. The reference intervals (n = 30) established for fecal NMH concentrations in common marmoset were 118.2 ng/g or less for a single fecal sample, 121.7 ng/g or less for the 3-d mean, and less than or equal to 167.5 ng/g for the 3-d maximum. Considerable day-to-day variation was observed in fecal NMH concentrations; the mean %CV was 42.2% (minimum, 7.1%; maximum, 141.4%). Fecal NMH concentrations were measured in 14 marmosets for which necropsy reports were available; 7 of the 8 marmosets with CLE and the 1 animal with lymphoma and ulcerative enteritis had increased fecal NMH concentrations. Increased fecal NMH concentrations may serve as a potential marker for CLE; however, further studies exploring the role of mast cells in marmosets with CLE are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Cyrus Parambeth
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences;,
| | - Franklin R López
- Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, Center for Bioinformatical and Genomic Systems Engineering, Texas A and M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Rosana Lopez
- Engineering Experiment Station, Center for Bioinformatical and Genomic Systems Engineering, Texas A and M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Sarah B Keyser
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences
| | - Jonathan A Lidbury
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences
| | - Jan S Suchodolski
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences
| | - Jörg M Steiner
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences
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Sattasathuchana P, Thengchaisri N, Suchodolski JS, Lidbury JA, Steiner JM. Analytical validation of fecal 3-bromotyrosine concentrations in healthy dogs and dogs with chronic enteropathy. J Vet Diagn Invest 2019; 31:434-439. [PMID: 30767618 DOI: 10.1177/1040638719831340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies that have used serum 3-bromotyrosine (3-BrY) to investigate eosinophil activation in dogs have found elevated 3-BrY levels in clinical patients with chronic enteropathy (CE). To our knowledge, a method to measure 3-BrY concentrations in feces has not been reported. We developed and analytically validated an electron ionization gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method to measure fecal 3-BrY concentrations in dogs. The mean and maximum fecal 3-BrY concentrations in healthy dogs ( n = 40) and dogs with CE ( n = 40) over 3 consecutive days were compared. Analytical validation had a limit of blank and a limit of detection of 2.5 and 3.7 mmol/g of feces, respectively. The mean coefficients of variation for precision and reproducibility for 3-BrY were 11.2% (range: 7.5-14.2%) and 10.1% (4.8-15.2%), respectively. The ranges of observed-to-expected ratios for linearity and accuracy were 81.3-125% and 85.4-120%, respectively. The reference intervals for mean and maximum fecal 3-BrY concentrations in 40 healthy dogs were 3.7-23.0 and 3.7-37.8 mmol/g of feces. Mean and maximum fecal 3-BrY concentrations in dogs with CE were significantly higher than those of healthy dogs ( p < 0.001). Further research is warranted to determine the clinical usefulness of fecal 3-BrY concentrations in dogs with CE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpicha Sattasathuchana
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand (Sattasathuchana, Thengchaisri).,Gastrointestinal Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX (Sattasathuchana, Suchodolski, Lidbury, Steiner)
| | - Naris Thengchaisri
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand (Sattasathuchana, Thengchaisri).,Gastrointestinal Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX (Sattasathuchana, Suchodolski, Lidbury, Steiner)
| | - Jan S Suchodolski
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand (Sattasathuchana, Thengchaisri).,Gastrointestinal Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX (Sattasathuchana, Suchodolski, Lidbury, Steiner)
| | - Jonathan A Lidbury
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand (Sattasathuchana, Thengchaisri).,Gastrointestinal Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX (Sattasathuchana, Suchodolski, Lidbury, Steiner)
| | - Jörg M Steiner
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand (Sattasathuchana, Thengchaisri).,Gastrointestinal Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX (Sattasathuchana, Suchodolski, Lidbury, Steiner)
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Anfinsen KP, Berghoff N, Priestnall SL, Suchodolski JS, Steiner JM, Allenspach K. Urinary and faecal N-methylhistamine concentrations do not serve as markers for mast cell activation or clinical disease activity in dogs with chronic enteropathies. Acta Vet Scand 2014; 56:90. [PMID: 25528646 PMCID: PMC4288550 DOI: 10.1186/s13028-014-0090-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study sought to correlate faecal and urinary N-methylhistamine (NMH) concentrations with resting versus degranulated duodenal mast cell numbers in dogs with chronic enteropathies (CE), and investigate correlations between intestinal mast cell activation and clinical severity of disease as assessed by canine chronic enteropathy clinical activity index (CCECAI), and between urinary and faecal NMH concentrations, mast cell numbers, and histopathological scores. Twenty-eight dogs with CE were included. Duodenal biopsies were stained with haematoxylin and eosin (H&E), toluidine blue, and by immunohistochemical labelling for tryptase. Duodenal biopsies were assigned a histopathological severity score, and duodenal mast cell numbers were counted in five high-power fields after metachromatic and immunohistochemical staining. Faecal and urinary NMH concentrations were measured by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Results There was no correlation between the CCECAI and faecal or urinary NMH concentrations, mast cell numbers, or histopathological score – or between faecal or urinary NMH concentration and mast cell numbers. Post hoc analysis revealed a statistically significant difference in toluidine blue positive mast cells between two treatment groups (exclusion diet with/without metronidazole versus immunosuppression (IS)), with higher numbers among dogs not requiring IS. Conclusion Faecal and urinary NMH concentrations and duodenal mast cell numbers were not useful indicators of severity of disease as assessed by the CCECAI or histological evaluation. The number of duodenal mast cells was higher in dogs that did not need IS, i.e. in dogs responding to an exclusion diet (with/without metronidazole), than in dogs requiring IS. Further studies comparing the role of mast cells in dogs with different forms of CE are needed.
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Berghoff N, Hill S, Parnell NK, Mansell J, Suchodolski JS, Steiner JM. Fecal and urinary N-methylhistamine concentrations in dogs with chronic gastrointestinal disease. Vet J 2014; 201:289-94. [PMID: 24907867 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Revised: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Due to their ability to release inflammatory mediators, such as histamine, mast cells are potentially important in gastrointestinal disease. The purpose of this study was to measure N-methylhistamine (NMH), a histamine metabolite, in fecal and urine samples from dogs with chronic gastrointestinal disease. Fecal and urinary NMH concentrations were compared between dogs with chronic gastrointestinal disease and control dogs, and/or to control ranges. Correlation between fecal and urinary NMH concentrations, serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration, the clinical disease activity index (CCECAI), and gastrointestinal mucosal mast cell numbers (where available) in dogs with gastrointestinal disease was evaluated. Seven of 16 dogs with gastrointestinal disease had increased urinary or fecal NMH concentrations, but there was no correlation between NMH concentrations and the CCECAI or mucosal mast cells numbers. Urinary NMH concentrations were positively associated with histological grading and serum CRP concentrations. The lack of correlation between NMH concentrations and the CCECAI suggests that NMH may not be a good marker for clinical disease activity in dogs as determined by the CCECAI. Based on their association with severity of intestinal mucosal inflammation, urinary NMH concentrations may potentially have clinical utility as a marker of intestinal inflammation in certain groups of dogs with chronic gastrointestinal disease, but future studies in a larger number of dogs are necessary to further characterize the role of mast cell-mediated inflammation in dogs with chronic gastrointestinal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Berghoff
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, 4474 TAMU, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Clinical Pathology Laboratory - DCPAH, Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, A 215 Veterinary Medical Center, 736 Wilson Rd, East Lansing, MI 48824-1314, USA.
| | - Steve Hill
- Veterinary Specialty Hospital, 10435 Sorrento Valley Rd, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Nolie K Parnell
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, 625 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Joanne Mansell
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, 4474 TAMU, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Jan S Suchodolski
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, 4474 TAMU, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Jörg M Steiner
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, 4474 TAMU, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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Steiner JM. Review of commonly used clinical pathology parameters for general gastrointestinal disease with emphasis on small animals. Toxicol Pathol 2013; 42:189-94. [PMID: 24129757 DOI: 10.1177/0192623313506793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A wide variety of markers are available to assess the function and pathology of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. This review describes some of these markers with special emphasis given to markers used in dogs and cats. Small intestinal disease can be confirmed and localized by the measurement of serum concentrations of folate and cobalamin. Fecal α1-proteinase inhibitor concentration can increase in individuals with excessive GI protein loss. A wide variety of inflammatory markers are available for a variety of species that can be used to assess the inflammatory activity of various types of inflammatory cells in the GI tract, although most of these markers assess neutrophilic inflammation, such as neutrophil elastase, calprotectin, or S100A12. N-methylhistamine can serve as a marker of mast cell infiltration. Markers for lymphocytic or eosinophilic inflammation are currently under investigation. Exocrine pancreatic function can be assessed by measurement of serum concentrations of pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (PLI) and trypsin-like immunoreactivity (TLI). Serum PLI concentration is increased in individuals with pancreatitis and has been shown to be highly specific for exocrine pancreatic function and sensitive for pancreatitis. Serum TLI concentration is severely decreased in individuals with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg M Steiner
- 1Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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Berghoff N, Steiner JM. Laboratory tests for the diagnosis and management of chronic canine and feline enteropathies. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2011; 41:311-28. [PMID: 21486638 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2011.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Chronic enteropathies are commonly encountered in both cats and dogs. Although definitive diagnosis often requires collection of gastrointestinal biopsies for histopathologic evaluation, less invasive laboratory tests can be highly informative and should be performed prior to biopsy collection. Tests for determination of infectious causes comprise those for helminthic, protozoal, bacterial, or fungal organisms. Intestinal function and disease may be assessed by measuring serum concentrations of cobalamin, folate, and C-reactive protein, and fecal concentrations of α(1)-proteinase inhibitor. Ongoing research has led to development of tests for serum perinuclear antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies, and fecal inflammatory markers, including S100-proteins and N-methylhistamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Berghoff
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, 4474 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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