1
|
Paltrinieri S, Ferrari R, Scavone D, Pieroni C, Diamanti D, Tagliasacchi F. Increased Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate in Dogs: Frequency in Routine Clinical Practice and Association with Hematological Changes. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1409. [PMID: 38791627 PMCID: PMC11117206 DOI: 10.3390/ani14101409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) has been reported to increase in some infectious or inflammatory diseases in dogs, but no information on the frequency of increases in a routine clinical setting exists. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of an increased ESR in dogs and to investigate its possible association with hematologic changes; (2) Methods: A total of 295 EDTA blood samples were randomly selected from the routine caseload of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital. Samples were grouped in controls and in pathologic groups based on the clinical presentation. A routine hemogram was performed, then the ESR was measured using the instrument MINI-PET; (3) Results: compared with controls, the ESR was significantly higher in all the pathologic groups, except for the hematological disorders group. The highest ESR was found in samples from dogs with chronic kidney disease or inflammation, followed by those from dogs with mild chronic disorders, severe/acute diseases, tumors and urinary disorders. The ESR negatively correlated with hematocrit and positively with neutrophil counts. (4) Conclusions: The ESR increases more frequently in dogs with clinically evident inflammation or CKD, but also in several other conditions, likely as a consequence of anemia and acute phase response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saverio Paltrinieri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (R.F.); (D.S.); (F.T.)
| | - Roberta Ferrari
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (R.F.); (D.S.); (F.T.)
| | - Donatella Scavone
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (R.F.); (D.S.); (F.T.)
| | - Carolina Pieroni
- DIESSE Diagnostica Senese SpA, 53035 Monteriggioni, Italy; (C.P.); (D.D.)
| | - Daniela Diamanti
- DIESSE Diagnostica Senese SpA, 53035 Monteriggioni, Italy; (C.P.); (D.D.)
| | - Filippo Tagliasacchi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (R.F.); (D.S.); (F.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tavener SK, Jackson MI, Panickar KS. Immune-Modulating Effects of Low-Carbohydrate Ketogenic Foods in Healthy Canines. Curr Dev Nutr 2024; 8:102128. [PMID: 38590952 PMCID: PMC10999821 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.102128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ketogenic foods limit digestible carbohydrates but contain high fat, and have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects as well as improving mitochondrial function. β-Hydroxybutyrate (BHB), 1 of the ketone bodies, reduces the proinflammatory NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 inflammasomes, as well as chemokines in cultures. Objectives We assessed the immune-modulating effects of 2 low-carbohydrate (LoCHO) foods varying in protein and fat and compared their effects with a food replete with high-carbohydrate (HiCHO) in healthy canines. Methods Dogs were fed control food [HiCHO; ketogenic ratio (KR: 0.46) followed by LoCHO_PROT (KR: 0.97), then LoCHO_FAT (KR: 1.63) or LoCHO_FAT followed by LoCHO_PROT. Each food was fed for 5 wk, with collections in the 5th wk; 15 wk feeding total. Gene expression for circulating inflammatory cytokines from 10 dogs was assessed using the Canine RT2 Profiler polymerase chain reaction array, and fold changes were calculated using the ΔΔCt method. Results LoCHO_FAT significantly increased circulating β-hydroxybutyrate compared with both HiCHO and LoCHO_PROT. When compared with HiCHO, there was a significant decrease in several proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines in LoCHO_PROT and LoCHO_FAT groups, including chemokine (C-C motif) ligand (CCL)1, CCL8, CCL13, CCL17, CCL24, chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1, chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 1, Interleukin-10 receptor alpha ((IL)-10RA), IL-1 receptor antagonist, IL-5, and secreted phosphoprotein 1 (all P < 0.05). Interestingly, a subset of inflammatory proteins that decreased in LoCHO_PROT but not in LoCHO_FAT included IL-33, IL-6 receptor, IL-7, IL-8, Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily member 11B. In contrast, the decrease in inflammatory markers in LoCHO_FAT, but not in LoCHO_PROT, included complement component 5, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor or G-CSF, interferon-γ, IL-3, IL-10RB, IL-17C, Tumor necrosis factor superfamily (TNFSF)13, TNFSF13B, and TNFSF14. Decreased concentrations of selected cytokines indicate that both low-carbohydrate foods exert an anti-inflammatory effect and provide a strong rationale for testing their efficacy in dogs with inflammatory conditions. Conclusions Both LoCHO_PROT and LoCHO_FAT foods might be important as part of immune-modulating therapeutic nutritional strategies to reduce inflammation to maintain health in canines. Our study identifies several inflammatory genes that are reduced when fed ketogenic food that were not previously reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Selena K. Tavener
- Science and Technology Center, Hill’s Pet Nutrition, Inc., Topeka, KS, United States
| | - Matthew I. Jackson
- Science and Technology Center, Hill’s Pet Nutrition, Inc., Topeka, KS, United States
| | - Kiran S. Panickar
- Science and Technology Center, Hill’s Pet Nutrition, Inc., Topeka, KS, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tavener SK, Jewell DE, Panickar KS. The Increase in Circulating Levels of Pro-Inflammatory Chemokines, Cytokines, and Complement C5 in Canines with Impaired Kidney Function. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:1664-1676. [PMID: 35723372 PMCID: PMC9164022 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44040114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic low-grade inflammation is a key contributor to the progression of kidney disease. The release of cytokines and other pro-inflammatory proteins may further contribute to detrimental kidney health by increasing interstitial edema and renal fibrosis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the inflammatory markers in canines who developed renal disease naturally and were diagnosed with renal disease either during life or following necropsy, as assessed by a veterinarian. RNA was isolated from canine blood obtained at necropsy and stored as bioarchived samples from ten canines with renal disease (9.6−14.7 yr) and ten controls (10.1−14.8 yr). At the time of death, the mean blood creatinine concentration and BUN were elevated in dogs with renal disease compared to control (both p < 0.01). Samples were assessed for changes in gene expression using the Canine cytokine RT2 Profiler PCR Array for inflammation. There was a significant increase in C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 16 (CCL16), C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 5 (CXCL5), Interleukin 16 (IL-16), and Complement Component 5 (C5) (all p < 0.05 vs. con). In addition, there was also a statistically non-significant increase in 49 genes and a down-regulation in 35 genes from a panel of total 84 genes. Pro-inflammatory genes including CCL16, CXCL5, IL-16, and C5 can all contribute to renal inflammation and fibrosis through different signaling pathways and may lead to a progressive impairment of kidney function. Blockade of their activation may be important in ameliorating the initiation and/or the progression of renal disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Selena K. Tavener
- Science & Technology Center, Hill’s Pet Nutrition, Inc., Topeka, KS 66617, USA;
| | - Dennis E. Jewell
- Department of Grain Science & Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA;
| | - Kiran S. Panickar
- Science & Technology Center, Hill’s Pet Nutrition, Inc., Topeka, KS 66617, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: 1-(785)-286-8002
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Quimby J, Erickson A, Mcleland S, Cianciolo R, Maranon D, Lunn K, Elliott J, Lawson J, Hess A, Paschall R, Bailey S. Renal Senescence, Telomere Shortening and Nitrosative Stress in Feline Chronic Kidney Disease. Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8120314. [PMID: 34941841 PMCID: PMC8703545 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8120314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney tissues from cats with naturally occurring chronic kidney disease (CKD) and adult and senior cats without CKD were assessed to determine whether telomere shortening and nitrosative stress are associated with senescence in feline CKD. The histopathologic assessment of percent global glomerulosclerosis, inflammatory infiltrate, and fibrosis was performed. Senescence and nitrosative stress were evaluated utilizing p16 and iNOS immunohistochemistry, respectively. Renal telomere length was evaluated using telomere fluorescent in situ hybridization combined with immunohistochemistry. CKD cats were found to have significantly increased p16 staining in both the renal cortex and corticomedullary junction compared to adult and senior cats. Senior cats had significantly increased p16 staining in the corticomedullary junction compared to adult cats. p16 staining in both the renal cortex and corticomedullary junction were found to be significantly correlated with percent global glomerulosclerosis, cortical inflammatory infiltrate, and fibrosis scores. p16 staining also correlated with age in non-CKD cats. Average telomere length was significantly decreased in CKD cats compared to adult and senior cats. CKD cats had significantly increased iNOS staining compared to adult cats. Our results demonstrate increased renal senescence, telomere shortening, and nitrosative stress in feline CKD, identifying these patients as potential candidates for senolytic therapy with translational potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Quimby
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (A.E.); (R.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-614-292-3551
| | - Andrea Erickson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (A.E.); (R.P.)
| | - Shannon Mcleland
- International Veterinary Renal Pathology Service, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.); (R.C.)
| | - Rachel Cianciolo
- International Veterinary Renal Pathology Service, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.); (R.C.)
| | - David Maranon
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521-1618, USA; (D.M.); (S.B.)
| | - Katharine Lunn
- Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-0001, USA;
| | - Jonathan Elliott
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London E16 2PX, UK;
| | - Jack Lawson
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Herts AL9 7TA, UK;
| | - Ann Hess
- Department of Statistics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521-4593, USA;
| | - Rene Paschall
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (A.E.); (R.P.)
| | - Susan Bailey
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521-1618, USA; (D.M.); (S.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sonderegger F, Nentwig A, Schweighauser A, Francey T, Marti E, Mirkovitch J, Schuller S. Association of markers of endothelial activation and dysfunction with occurrence and outcome of pulmonary hemorrhage in dogs with leptospirosis. J Vet Intern Med 2021; 35:1789-1799. [PMID: 34076314 PMCID: PMC8295707 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endothelial dysfunction might contribute to the development of leptospiral pulmonary hemorrhage syndrome (LPHS). Hypothesis Serum concentrations of markers of endothelial activation and dysfunction are higher in dogs with leptospirosis and correlate with the occurrence of LPHS and a higher case fatality rate. Animals Clinically healthy dogs (n = 31; 10/31 dogs confirmed healthy based on no detected abnormalities on blood work), dogs with leptospirosis with LPHS (n = 17) and without LPHS (n = 15), dogs with acute kidney injury not due to leptospirosis (AKI‐nL, n = 34). Methods Observational study. Serum concentrations of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM‐1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and angiopoietin‐2 (Ang‐2) at admission were compared between groups. Correlations with outcome and the accuracy to predict LPHS were examined. Results Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM‐1), VEGF, and Ang‐2 concentrations were higher in dogs with AKI‐nL (sICAM‐1 34.7 ng/mL, interquartile range [IQR] = 24.4‐75.5; VEGF 43.1 pg/mL, IQR = 12.3‐79.2; Ang‐2 8.5 ng/mL, IQR = 6.2‐12.3), leptospirosis without LPHS (sICAM‐1 45.1 ng/mL, IQR = 30.6‐59.0; VEGF 32.4 pg/mL, IQR = 12.5‐62.6; Ang‐2 9.6 ng/mL, IQR = 6.9‐19.3), and LPHS (sICAM‐1 69.7 ng/mL, IQR = 42.1‐89.1; VEGF 51.8 pg/mL, IQR = 26.3‐96.7; Ang‐2 8.0 ng/mL, IQR = 5.6‐12.2) compared to controls (P < .001). In dogs with leptospirosis, VEGF and sICAM‐1 were higher in nonsurvivors (sICAM‐1 89.4 ng/mL, IQR = 76.5‐101.0; VEGF 117.0 pg/mL, IQR = 90.3‐232.4) than survivors (P = .004) and sICAM‐1 predicted the development of LPHS. Conclusions Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1, VEGF, and Ang‐2 do not discriminate leptospirosis from AKI‐nL. In dogs with leptospirosis, sICAM‐1 and VEGF predict outcome and sICAM‐1 might identify dogs at risk for LPHS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Sonderegger
- Department Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Ariane Schweighauser
- Department Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Francey
- Department Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eliane Marti
- Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health (DCR-VPH), Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jelena Mirkovitch
- Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health (DCR-VPH), Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Simone Schuller
- Department Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Buser FC, Schweighauser A, Im Hof-Gut M, Bigler B, Marti E, Mirkovitch J, Francey T. Evaluation of C-reactive protein and its kinetics as a prognostic indicator in canine leptospirosis. J Small Anim Pract 2019; 60:477-485. [PMID: 31006872 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate C-reactive protein at presentation and during hospitalisation in dogs with acute kidney injury resulting from leptospirosis to compare C-reactive protein at presentation in dogs with acute kidney injury of different aetiology and to study its correlation with markers of inflammation, azotaemia and survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS Prospective observational study of 41 dogs with acute kidney injury secondary to leptospirosis and 15 control dogs with acute kidney injury of different aetiology. C-reactive protein was measured at presentation in both groups and daily for 7 days in a subgroup of 28 dogs with leptospirosis. The associations of C-reactive protein with neutrophil count, albumin, urea, creatinine and survival were analysed. RESULTS C-reactive protein was increased at presentation in all dogs with leptospirosis but was not significantly different from dogs with acute kidney injury of different cause. It was associated with markers of inflammation (neutrophil count, albumin) but not with azotaemia (creatinine, urea). It decreased gradually from presentation to day 4, with significantly lower concentrations in survivors than non-survivors. Initial C-reactive protein was only weakly associated with outcome, but its average concentration from presentation to day 2 was more strongly associated. Absolute and relative changes in C-reactive protein during hospitalisation and creatinine at presentation were not associated with survival. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Serial assessment of C-reactive protein may improve outcome prediction in dogs with leptospirosis compared with a single measurement at presentation or with markers of renal function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F C Buser
- Division of Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern, Bern, 3001, Switzerland
| | - A Schweighauser
- Division of Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern, Bern, 3001, Switzerland
| | - M Im Hof-Gut
- Division of Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern, Bern, 3001, Switzerland
| | - B Bigler
- Weissenbühlweg 23, 3007, Bern, Switzerland
| | - E Marti
- Division of Experimental Clinical Research (Clinical Immunology), Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern, Bern, 3001, Switzerland
| | - J Mirkovitch
- Division of Experimental Clinical Research (Clinical Immunology), Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern, Bern, 3001, Switzerland
| | - T Francey
- Division of Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern, Bern, 3001, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hu DY, Luo Y, Li CB, Zhou CY, Li XH, Peng A, Liu JY. Oxylipin profiling of human plasma reflects the renal dysfunction in uremic patients. Metabolomics 2018; 14:104. [PMID: 30830362 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-018-1402-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nearly all the enzymes that mediate the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are present in the kidney. However, the correlation of renal dysfunction with PUFAs metabolism in uremic patients remains unknown. OBJECTIVES To test whether the alterations in the metabolism of PUFAs reflect the renal dysfunction in uremic patients. METHODS LC-MS/MS-based oxylipin profiling was conducted for the plasma samples from the uremic patients and controls. The data were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the correlation of the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) with the key markers were evaluated. Furthermore, qPCR analysis of the whole blood cells was conducted to investigate the possible mechanisms. In addition, a 2nd cohort was used to validate the findings from the 1st cohort. RESULTS The plasma oxylipin profile distinguished the uremic patients from the controls successfully by using both PCA and OPLS-DA models. 5,6-Dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (5,6-DHET), 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HETE), 9(10)-epoxyoctadecamonoenoic acid [9(10)-EpOME] and 12(13)-EpOME were identified as the key markers to discriminate the patients from controls. The excellent predictive performance of these four markers was validated by ROC analysis. The eGFR significantly correlated with plasma levels of 5,6-DHET and 5-HETE positively but with plasma 9(10)-EpOME and 12(13)-EpOME negatively. The changes of these markers may account for the inactivation of cytochrome P450 2C18, 2C19, microsome epoxide hydrolase (EPHX1), and 5-lipoxygenase in the patients. CONCLUSION The alterations in plasma metabolic profile reflect the renal dysfunction in the uremic patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da-Yong Hu
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Center for Nephrology and Metabolomics, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Luo
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Center for Nephrology and Metabolomics, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Bin Li
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Center for Nephrology and Metabolomics, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Yu Zhou
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Center for Nephrology and Metabolomics, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Hua Li
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Center for Nephrology and Metabolomics, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai Peng
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Center for Nephrology and Metabolomics, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Yan Liu
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Center for Nephrology and Metabolomics, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
SIRT1 regulates lipopolysaccharide-induced CD40 expression in renal medullary collecting duct cells by suppressing the TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway. Life Sci 2016; 170:100-107. [PMID: 27916733 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Recent evidence indicates that sirtuin1 (SIRT1), an NAD+-dependent deacetylase, exerts a protective effect against inflammatory kidney injury by suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines production. The co-stimulatory molecule, CD40, is expressed in a variety of inflammatory diseases in the kidney. Here, we aimed to investigate the potential effect of SIRT1 on CD40 expression induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and to disclose the underlying mechanisms in renal inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) cells. MAIN METHODS mRNA and protein expressions were identified by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot respectively. Subcellular localization of SIRT1 and CD40 were respectively detected by immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical staining. Small-interfering RNA (siRNA) was carried out for mechanism study. KEY FINDINGS LPS reduced SIRT1 expression and up-regulated the expression of CD40, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and phospho-NF-κBp65 (p-NF-κBp65) in time- and concentration-dependent manners. Moreover, SIRT1 overexpression or activation by SRT1720 diminished the expression of CD40, TLR4 and p-NF-κBp65, which was reversed by SIRT1 siRNA or inhibitors Ex527 and sirtinol in LPS-stimulated IMCD cells. In addition, knockdown of TLR4 decreased the expression of CD40 and p-NF-κBp65 in IMCD cells exposed to LPS. Knockdown of NF-κBp65 or NF-κBp65 inhibition by pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) reduced LPS-induced CD40 expression in IMCD cells. Importantly, the inhibitory effect of SIRT1 on the expression of CD40 and p-NF-κBp65 was augmented by pre-treating with TLR4 siRNA. SIGNIFICANCE Our data indicate that SIRT1 inhibits LPS-induced CD40 expression in IMCD cells by suppressing the TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway, which might provide novel insight into understanding the protective effect of SIRT1 in kidney.
Collapse
|