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Leger KR, Cho I, Valoumas I, Schwartz D, Mair RW, Goh JOS, Gutchess A. Cross-cultural comparison of the neural correlates of true and false memory retrieval. Memory 2024:1-18. [PMID: 38266009 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2024.2307923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Prior work has shown Americans have higher levels of memory specificity than East Asians. Neuroimaging studies have not investigated mechanisms that account for cultural differences at retrieval. In this study, we use fMRI to assess whether mnemonic discrimination, distinguishing novel from previously encountered stimuli, accounts for cultural differences in memory. Fifty-five American and 55 Taiwanese young adults completed an object recognition paradigm testing discrimination of old targets, similar lures and novel foils. Mnemonic discrimination was tested by comparing discrimination of similar lures from studied targets, and results showed the relationship between activity in left fusiform gyrus and behavioural discrimination between target and lure objects differed across cultural groups. Parametric modulation analyses of activity during lure correct rejections also indicated that groups differed in left superior parietal cortex response to variations in lure similarity. Additional analyses of old vs. new activity indicated that Americans and Taiwanese differ in the neural activity supporting general object recognition in the hippocampus, left inferior frontal gyrus and middle frontal gyrus. Results are juxtaposed against comparisons of the regions activated in common across the two cultures. Overall, Americans and Taiwanese differ in the extent to which they recruit visual processing and attention modulating brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystal R Leger
- Department of Psychology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Isu Cho
- Department of Psychology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Ross W Mair
- Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joshua Oon Soo Goh
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Neurobiology and Cognitive Sciences Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Center of Artificial Intelligence and Advanced Robotics, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Angela Gutchess
- Department of Psychology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA
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Avila JF, Verney SP, Kauzor K, Flowers A, Mehradfar M, Razani J. Normative data for Farsi-speaking Iranians in the United States on measures of executive functioning. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY-ADULT 2018; 26:229-235. [PMID: 29313722 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2017.1392963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
As the Farsi-speaking Iranian population continues to grow in the United States, examination of their cognitive performance is an imperative first step to providing this group with culturally competent services. Thirty-six healthy primarily Farsi-speaking Iranian adults completed Farsi-translated and adapted versions of three frequently used measures of executive/subcortical functioning: Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Trail Making Test (TMT), and Color Trails Test (CTT). Participants' performance on each measure was compared to published normative data resulting in 0-85% of cognitively and medically healthy individuals being classified as impaired depending on the executive/subcortical test score examined, with the highest impairment rates for specific WCST outcome scores. These findings raise questions for the use of published norms with Farsi-speaking Iranians residing in the US. The present study provided normative data from this group of Farsi-speaking Iranians on the Farsi-translated and adapted versions of the WCST, TMT, and CTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justina F Avila
- a Department of Psychology , University of New Mexico , Albuquerque , New Mexico , USA
| | - Steven P Verney
- a Department of Psychology , University of New Mexico , Albuquerque , New Mexico , USA
| | - Kaitlyn Kauzor
- b Department of Psychology , California State University , Northridge , California , USA
| | - Amina Flowers
- b Department of Psychology , California State University , Northridge , California , USA
| | - Maryam Mehradfar
- b Department of Psychology , California State University , Northridge , California , USA
| | - Jill Razani
- b Department of Psychology , California State University , Northridge , California , USA
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