Opinion on AIDS prevention and education among rural secondary school pupils in the northern province of South Africa

National cross sectional study of views on sexual violence and risk of HIV infection and AIDS among South African school pupils

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the views of school pupils on sexual violence and on the risk of HIV infection and AIDS and their experiences of sexual violence.

DESIGN

National cross sectional study.

SETTING

5162 classes in 1418 South African schools.

PARTICIPANTS

269,705 school pupils aged 10-19 years in grades 6-11.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE

Answers to questions about sexual violence and about the risk of HIV infection and AIDS.

RESULTS

Misconceptions about sexual violence were common among both sexes, but more females held views that would put them at high risk of HIV infection. One third of the respondents thought they might be HIV positive. This was associated with misconceptions about sexual violence and about the risk of HIV infection and AIDS. Around 11% of males and 4% of females claimed to have forced someone else to have sex; 66% of these males and 71% of these females had themselves been forced to have sex. A history of forced sex was a powerful determinant of views on sexual violence and risk of HIV infection.

CONCLUSIONS

The views of South African youth on sexual violence and on the risk of HIV infection and AIDS were compatible with acceptance of sexual coercion and "adaptive" attitudes to survival in a violent society. Views differed little between the sexes.