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Giurgiu O, Berean D, Ionescu A, Ciupe M, Cimpean C, Radu C, Bitica D, Bogdan S, Bogdan M. The effect of oral administration of zeolite on the energy metabolism and reproductive health of Romanian spotted breed in advanced gestation and post partum period. Vet Anim Sci 2024; 23:100333. [PMID: 38274773 PMCID: PMC10809078 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2023.100333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The dairy cow experiences the most significant impact from negative energy balance during this period, which adversely affects reproductive health. Consequently, most pathologies affect dairy cows during this time frame. Thus, with the primary objective of reducing the incidence of these pathologies on dairy farms, we questioned whether supplemental zeolite administration in cattle feed would affect metabolism and reproductive health. Therefore, we proposed introducing an antepartum and postpartum supplementation of 400 g of zeolite in the basal diet. The control group received only the basal diet without zeolite supplementation. Monitoring the results stemmed from the consideration that reproductive health can only be present based on an unaltered energy metabolism. Hence, we deemed it necessary to analyze several metabolic markers in light of the expected outcomes concerning reproductive health. Cows treated with zeolite exhibited a calving to first service interval 12.78 days earlier than those in the control group. Moreover, the average number of services per conception used for future gestation was 0.44 lower in the zeolite-treated group compared to the control group (p<0.05). Additionally, the treatment group showed a lower presence of pathogens in the uterus and displayed a more favorable average uterine score. Observations following the completion of the research point towards an improvement in the health of transition dairy cows, opening a new path for dairy farms in terms of preventing postpartum pathologies. Indeed, the benefits from this study primarily impact the animals rather than directly influencing milk production. Therefore, further research is necessary in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- O.V. Giurgiu
- Department of Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania
| | - D.I. Berean
- Department of Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania
| | - A. Ionescu
- Oncology Department The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian, Edinburgh, Scotland EH25 9RG, United Kingdom
| | - M.S. Ciupe
- Department of Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania
| | - C.R. Cimpean
- Department of Animal Breeding and Food Safety, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania
| | - C.I. Radu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Mănăștur Str. 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania
| | - D.G. Bitica
- Department of Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania
| | - S. Bogdan
- Department of Anesthetics and Surgical Propaedeutics, Veterinary orthopedics, Experimental University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania
| | - M.L. Bogdan
- Department of Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania
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Pikhtirova A, Pecka-Kiełb E, Króliczewska B, Zachwieja A, Króliczewski J, Kupczyński R. The Effect of Saponite Clay on Ruminal Fermentation Parameters during In Vitro Studies. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:738. [PMID: 38473122 DOI: 10.3390/ani14050738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Reducing the emission of global warming gases currently remains one of the strategic tasks. Therefore, the objective of our work was to determine the effect of saponite clay on fermentation in the rumen of cows. The pH, total gas production, CH4, and volatile fatty acid (VFA) production in ruminal fluid was determined in vitro. Saponite clay from the Tashkiv deposit (Ukraine) has a high content of silicon, iron, aluminum, and magnesium. The addition of 0.15 and 0.25 g of saponite clay to the incubated mixture did not change the pH but reduced the total production (19% and 31%, respectively) and CH4 (24% and 46%, respectively) in the ruminal fluid compared to the control group and had no significant effect on the total VFA levels, but propionic acid increased by 15% and 21% and butyric acid decreased by 39% and 32%, respectively. We observed a decrease in the fermentation rates, with a simultaneous increase in the P:B ratio and an increase in the fermentation efficiency (FE) in the groups fermented with saponite clay, probably a consequence of the high efficiency in the breakdown of starch in the rumen. Therefore, further in vivo studies to determine the effective dose and effect of saponite clay on cow productivity and the reduction of gas emissions are promising and important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Pikhtirova
- Department of Public Health, SE Medical Institute, Sumy State University, Rymskogo-Korsakova 2, 40007 Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Ewa Pecka-Kiełb
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biostructure, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida Str. 31, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Bożena Króliczewska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biostructure, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida Str. 31, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Zachwieja
- Animal Breeding, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Chelmonskiego 38C, 51-631 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jarosław Króliczewski
- Department of Experimental Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida St. 27B, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Robert Kupczyński
- Department of Environment Hygiene and Animal Welfare, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Chelmonskiego 38C, 51-631 Wroclaw, Poland
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Buryakov NP, Sycheva LV, Trukhachev VI, Zaikina AS, Buryakova MA, Nikonov IN, Petrov AS, Kravchenko AV, Fathala MM, Medvedev IK, Aleshin DE. Role of Dietary Inclusion of Phytobiotics and Mineral Adsorbent Combination on Dairy Cows' Milk Production, Nutrient Digestibility, Nitrogen Utilization, and Biochemical Parameters. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10030238. [PMID: 36977277 PMCID: PMC10058306 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10030238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Our research purpose was to study the effect of the inclusion of a combination of phytobiotics in the form of dry Fucus vesiculosus grits (FG) and a mineral adsorbent from the heat-treated mineral shungite (TMS) on milk productivity, nutrient digestibility, and biochemical parameters of the Suksun dairy cows. A total of 80 dry-hardy cows of the Suksun breed were divided into four groups (20 heads each), balanced primarily by breed, age, body weight, body condition score, and indicators of milk yield for the previous lactation. The selected cows were with an average live body weight of 512.0 ± 1.28 kg, BCS 3.0-3.5, and parities of 6250 kg milk. The control group (CON) were fed the basic ration only; the second (TMS), third (FG), and fourth (TMS + FG) groups were fed the basic ration provided by 50 g of the mineral adsorbent from heat-treated shungite, 100 g of Fucus grits (Fucus vesiculosus), 50 g of the mineral adsorbent from heat-treated shungite, and 100 g of dry grits from Fucus vesiculosus, respectively. The total protein content in milk was significantly higher in the group receiving Fucus vesiculosus by 0.05% and the group receiving a combination of mineral adsorbent and Fucus vesiculosus by 0.03%. The percentage of milk fat content recorded the highest significant value in (TMS) group when compared to the control and represented (4.37 vs. 3.95). The group of cows that received (TMS + FG) revealed a significant difference in the digestibility of both ether extract and crude fiber when compared to the control group and represented (54.74 vs. 51.71 and 60.68 vs. 55.15%), respectively. The cows supplemented with a mineral adsorbent or a combination of mineral adsorbent and Fucus vesiculosus revealed a significant difference in the digestibility of ether extract and crude fiber in the group receiving TMS + FG by 3.0% (p < 0.05) and 5.5% (p < 0.05), respectively. The intake of nitrogen with the diet increased in (FG) and (TMS + FG) groups by 11.3 g (p < 0.05) and 13.4 g (p < 0.05) of nitrogen. There was an increase (p < 0.05) in the concentration of rumen ammonia in the control group compared to the other groups. The glucose content of those cows that received FG and TMS + FG combination increased (p < 0.05) by 0.76 mmol/L and 0.90 mmol/l in relation to the control group. The globulin, albumin/globulin ratio, and the level of triglycerides revealed a significant difference between the different experimental groups. In brief, the inclusion of a combination of phytobiotics in the form of dry Fucus vesiculosus grits and a mineral adsorbent from the heat-treated mineral shungite in Suksun dairy cows' diets improved milk composition, digestibility of nutrients, utilization of nitrogen, and did not cause deleterious effects on blood biochemical indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai P Buryakov
- Department of Feeding Animals, Institute of Animal Science and Biology, Russian State Agrarian University-Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow 125493, Russia
| | - Larisa V Sycheva
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Perm State Agro-Technological University, Perm 614990, Russia
| | - Vladimir I Trukhachev
- Department of Feeding Animals, Institute of Animal Science and Biology, Russian State Agrarian University-Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow 125493, Russia
| | - Anastasiya S Zaikina
- Department of Feeding Animals, Institute of Animal Science and Biology, Russian State Agrarian University-Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow 125493, Russia
| | - Maria A Buryakova
- Department of Feeding Animals, Institute of Animal Science and Biology, Russian State Agrarian University-Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow 125493, Russia
| | - Ilia N Nikonov
- Department of Animal Hygiene and Poultry Breeding Named after A.K. Danilova, Faculty of Animal Technologies and Agribusiness, Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology-MVA Named after K.I. Skryabin, Moscow 109472, Russia
| | - Alexander S Petrov
- Department of Feeding Animals, Institute of Animal Science and Biology, Russian State Agrarian University-Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow 125493, Russia
| | - Andrey V Kravchenko
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Perm State Agro-Technological University, Perm 614990, Russia
| | - Mohamed M Fathala
- Department of Feeding Animals, Institute of Animal Science and Biology, Russian State Agrarian University-Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow 125493, Russia
- Animal Husbandry and Wealth Development Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 5424041, Egypt
| | - Ivan K Medvedev
- Department of Feeding Animals, Institute of Animal Science and Biology, Russian State Agrarian University-Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow 125493, Russia
| | - Dmitrii E Aleshin
- Department of Feeding Animals, Institute of Animal Science and Biology, Russian State Agrarian University-Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow 125493, Russia
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Kurtdede E, Kurtdede A, Yasa Duru S, Duru Ö, Kara E, Aluç Y, Kaya U. Effects of clinoptilolite on heavy metal levels in milk, proinflammatory cytokine responses (IL-1β and IL-6) and oxidative stress in dairy cows. Acta Vet Hung 2022; 70:313-320. [PMID: 36350569 DOI: 10.1556/004.2022.00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The effects of clinoptilolite on milk copper (Cu), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd) and iron (Fe) concentrations, proinflammatory cytokine responses, oxidative stress status, whole blood cell counts and liver and kidney functions were investigated in dairy cows exhibiting no signs of any kind of toxicity. Clinoptilolite was added to the feed at a dose of 200 mg kg-1 body weight in the clinoptilolite-treated group (n = 14), but was not added to the feed in the control group (n = 7). In the milk samples (n = 21) collected before the experiment, the Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd and Fe values were 0.021 ± 0.020, 0.104 ± 0.01, 3.42 ± 0.32, <0.000, 0.56 ± 0.34 ppm, respectively. At the end of the experiment (30th day), among the elements measured in milk samples collected from the clinoptilolite-treated group, only the Pb value (0.076 ± 0.01) was lower than the 0-day value of the clinoptilolite-treated group (0.104 ± 0.01) and the 30th-day value of the control group (0.105 ± 0.01) was found to be statistically lower. Changes determined at the end of clinoptilolite application in serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), albumin, glucose, urea and urine creatinine/urine total protein (uCr/uTP) values, which were interpreted as the effect of lead exposure before the trial, were evaluated as the positive effect of clinoptilolite. It was concluded that the addition of clinoptilolite to the feed in dairy cows caused a significant decrease in the amount of Pb in milk, and positive changes in the parameters related to oxidative stress in serum and in parameters related to renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efe Kurtdede
- 1Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Arif Kurtdede
- 2Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sibel Yasa Duru
- 3Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Özkan Duru
- 4Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Erdal Kara
- 3Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Yaşar Aluç
- 5Scientific and Technological Research Application and Research Center Directorate, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Ufuk Kaya
- 6Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
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Masoumi Pour MM, Foroudi F, Karimi N, Abedini MR, Karimi K. Effect of Anionic and Zeolite Supplements and Oral Calcium Bolus in Prepartum Diets on Feed Intake, Milk Yield and Milk Compositions, Plasma Ca Concentration, Blood Metabolites and the Prevalence of Some Reproductive Disorders in Fresh Dairy Cows. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:3059. [PMID: 36359182 PMCID: PMC9656836 DOI: 10.3390/ani12213059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypocalcaemia is an important disorder associated with an increased risk of metabolic diseases, and many studies have been going on for decades. This study investigated the effects of anionic and zeolite with an oral Ca bolus in the prepartum phase on milk yields and compositions, and plasma Ca concentrations, blood metabolites and the prevalence of some reproductive disorders in dairy cows after parturition. Ninety pregnant non-lactating Holstein-Friesian cows were randomly assigned to three isoenergetic diets and their counterparts using an oral Ca bolus: (1) Control (CON): low Ca (0.44%); (2) Anionic (ANI): high Ca (1.00%); (3) Zeolite (ZEO): low Ca (0.44%). The feed and energy intakes of the CON and ZEO groups were higher than the ANI group. The raw milk yield, Pr%, and feed efficiency did not differ between the groups, while the corrected milk yield, fat% and total corrected milk yield at 305 days differed between groups. Total plasma and the ionized Ca concentration of the ANI and ZEO groups, at calving time and in 6, 12, 24 and 48 h after that, were higher than in the CON group. The frequencies of hypocalcaemia and reproductive disorders in the ANI and ZEO groups were lower than in the CON. The blood metabolite levels in the CON group were higher than in other groups. In conclusion, the ANI and ZEO diets and their counterparts supplemented with an oral Ca bolus improved the milk production traits, plasma calcium and metabolites concentration and also effectively prevented reproductive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Farhad Foroudi
- Department of Animal Science, Varamin-Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University, Varamin 33817-74895, Iran
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Antúnez-García J, Yocupicio-Gaxiola RI, Serrato AR, Petranovskii V, Murrieta-Rico FN, Shelyapina MG, Fuentes-Moyado S. A theoretical study of the effect of exchange cations in surface of ZSM-5 lamellar zeolites. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2022.123725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Sherimova SK, Sarsembayeva NB, Abdigaliyeva TB, Lozowicka B. Vermikom feed additive effects on dairy cows' blood and milk parameters. Vet World 2022; 15:1228-1236. [PMID: 35765484 PMCID: PMC9210858 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.1228-1236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Dairy cattle breeding plays a significant role in providing the population with high-quality, reasonably priced goods. The development of this industry and its effectiveness depends on the proper use of available feed products. Feed additives (FAs), as a rule, should compensate for missing elements in the diet. This study aimed to determine the effect of the FA Vermikom on blood parameters, as well as milk physicochemical and mineral composition and yield in lactating dairy cows. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 Holstein cows, with an average weight of 650±5 kg, were randomly divided into three groups of 10. Over a period of 5 months, each group was fed one of three diets: Mixed main diet without supplements (control), main diet supplemented with 2% Vermikom, and main diet supplemented with 4% Vermikom. Results: Hematological parameters, productivity, and physicochemical and mineral composition of milk from animals provided the FA Vermikom were higher than those of the control group. In the Vermikom groups, the hemoglobin content was higher by 5.75%, calcium by an average of 10.8%, and total protein by 2.5%. The average daily milk yield was also higher by 8.4% than the control group. Regarding the mineral composition of the milk, the content of calcium, phosphorus, and iron exceeded that of the control on average by 2.9%, 3.4%, and 14.8%, respectively. Conclusion: We propose introducing 4% Vermikom into the diet of dairy cows based on the study results. Future research will expand our knowledge regarding cows’ needs for all recommended nutrients, thereby improving animal productivity and milk quality. The results obtained contribute to further expanding the food base of animal husbandry in the Republic of Kazakhstan.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. K. Sherimova
- Department of Veterinary Sanitary Examination and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - N. B. Sarsembayeva
- Department of Veterinary Sanitary Examination and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - T. B. Abdigaliyeva
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Food Technologies, Almaty Technological University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - B. Lozowicka
- Institute of Plant Protection, National Research Institute, Bialystok, Poland
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Rumen Fermentation of Feed Mixtures Supplemented with Clay Minerals in a Semicontinuous In Vitro System. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12030345. [PMID: 35158667 PMCID: PMC8833753 DOI: 10.3390/ani12030345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Interest in using clays in the diets of ruminants to improve health and performance is increasing. The microbial fermentation of 65:35 (HC) or 35:65 (HF) concentrate:forage feeds, alone or with zeolite (Z), bentonite (B), or sepiolite (S), was studied in an in vitro semicontinuous culture system. The medium pH was allowed to drop for the first 6 h and was gradually buffered thereafter. For the HC diet, the medium pH was higher with Z throughout incubation (p < 0.05). Similar results were observed for the HF diet, but with lower differences between the additives. Throughout incubation, the volume of gas produced was higher with HC than HF (p < 0.05). The gas volume with S was the lowest (p < 0.05) for HC, whereas for HF it was lowest with B from 8 h onwards (p < 0.05). No treatment differences (p > 0.05) were observed in dry matter disappearance, microbial mass, or volatile fatty acids. However, the inclusion of B in HC reduced the ammonia concentration at 6 and 12 h with respect to C (p < 0.05). The inclusion of zeolite as an additive in the diets of ruminants stabilizes the rumen environment during the first stages of fermentation in terms of pH and ammonia concentration, especially in high-concentrate diets. The buffering effect of bentonite and sepiolite was lower, and both might reduce ruminal microbial fermentation, depending on the concentrate proportion.
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Aladdin Helmy S, Mahrous Ebeid H, Ahmed Hanafy M, Mohamed Mahmoud AE, Roshdy Ali El-Tanany R. Rumen Parameters, Nutrients Digestibility and Milk Production of Lactating Boer Goats Fed Diets Containing Clay Minerals. Pak J Biol Sci 2022; 25:755-764. [PMID: 36098202 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2022.755.764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
<b>Background and Objective:</b> The inclusion of clay minerals in dairy nutrition is getting attention owing to their proven beneficial effects. The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of three different clay minerals (bentonite, zeolite and humic acid) on the performance of lactating Boer goats. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Twenty lactating Boer goats (having an average body weight ~42.7 kg) were divided into four groups (5 animals each) by using a completely randomized design (CRD). Each group was fed with one of four dietary treatments: Control group with basal ration R1: Consisting of concentrate feed mixture (CFM) and clover hay (50:50%, C:R) on a dry matter (DM) basis, R2: Basal ration plus 1% bentonite, R3: Basal ration plus 1.25% zeolite and R4: Basal ration plus 0.5% humic acid. <b>Results:</b> The results revealed that bentonite and humic acid increased (p<0.05) the nutrient digestibility and nutritive values compared to zeolite and control groups. Ruminal ammonia and total volatile fatty acids (TVFAs) contents increased (p<0.05) with supplementation of bentonite. No effect of clays supplementation was observed on plasma total protein, urea and creatinine, however, it increased (p<0.05) the albumin concentration and albumin/globulin ratios compared to the control while decreasing the plasma globulin contents. Supplementation of humic acid increased (p<0.05) the AST concentrations. Bentonite supplementation recorded the highest milk yield (p<0.05) and composition, while the zeolite group had the lowest values. <b>Conclusion:</b> The present study indicated that the inclusion of clay minerals particularly bentonite (at 1%) can positively affect the performance of lactating Boer goats.
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10
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Sallam SMA, Abo-Zeid HM, Abaza MA, El-Zaiat HM. Nutrient intake, digestibility, growth performance, and carcass of sheep fed urea-based diet supplemented with natural clinoptilolite. Anim Sci J 2022; 93:e13689. [PMID: 35080091 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Forty-five male Barki lambs (30.62 ± 4.54 kg BW) were allocated into three treatments designed to evaluate the effect of replacing soybean meal nitrogen with urea supplemented with natural clinoptilolite on performance and carcass characteristics. Lambs were randomly assigned to nine pens blocked according to age and initial BW into three blocks of three pens each assigned to one of three treatments: Control diet: animals received only a basal diet ad libitum, UR diet: urea replaced 68% of SBM nitrogen in the control diet or UR-Z diet: UR diet supplemented with 20-g zeolite for 141 days. Lambs fed on UR-Z diet increased (p < 0.05) total intakes of DM, crude protein digestibility, ADG, FCR, blood glucose and cholesterol concentration. Lambs fed on UR-Z diet decreased (p < 0.05) ruminal NH3 -N concentration compared to the UR diet. Carcasses from lambs fed on UR diet had greater (p < 0.05) ether extract content, fat thickness, meat yellowness and saturation attributes than those fed on UR-Z and control diets. Sheep fed on UR-Z diet made higher economic profit than UR and control diets. Partial replacement of soybean meal with urea supplemented with zeolite seemed to be economically efficient, with comparable performance and carcass attributes in growing lambs diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobhy M A Sallam
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Production, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hassan M Abo-Zeid
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Production, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Abaza
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Production, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hani M El-Zaiat
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Production, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
- College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
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11
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In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of Dietary Supplementation of Both Natural or Nano-Zeolite in Goat Diets: Effects on Ruminal Fermentation and Nutrients Digestibility. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11082215. [PMID: 34438673 PMCID: PMC8388406 DOI: 10.3390/ani11082215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate in vitro and in vivo dietary supplementation with different levels of natural or nano-zeolite forms on rumen fermentation patterns and nutrient digestibility. In the in vitro experiment, a basal diet (50% concentrate: 50% forage) was incubated without additives (control) and with natural zeolite (10, 20, 30 g/kg DM) or nano-zeolite (0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 1.0 g/kg DM) for 24 h to assess their effect on ruminal fermentation, feed degradability, and gas and methane production using a semi-automatic system of in vitro gas production (GP). The most effective doses obtained from the in vitro experiment were evaluated in vivo using 30 Barki goats (26 ± 0.9 SE kg body weight). Goats were allocated into three dietary treatments (n = 10/treatment) as follows: control (basal diet without any supplementations), natural zeolite (20 g/kg DM diet), and nano-zeolite (0.40 g/kg DM diet). The in vitro results revealed that only the nano-zeolite supplementation form quadratically (p= 0.004) increased GP, and the level of 0.5 g/kg DM had the highest GP value compared to the control. Both zeolite forms affected the CH4 production, linear, and quadratic reductions (p < 0.05) in CH4 (mL/g DM), consistent with linear increases in truly degraded organic matter (TDOM) (p = 0.09), and propionate molar proportions (p = 0.007) were observed by nano zeolite treatment, while the natural form of zeolite resulted in a linear CH4 reduction consistent with a linear decrease (p = 0.004) in NH3-N, linear increases in TDOM (p = 0.09), and propionate molar proportions (p = 0.004). Results of the in vivo experiment demonstrated that the nutrient digestibility was similar among all treatments. Nano zeolite enhanced (p < 0.05) the total short-chain fatty acids and butyrate concentrations, while both zeolite forms decreased (p < 0.001) NH3-N compared to the control. These results suggested that both zeolite supplementation forms favorably modified the rumen fermentation in different patterns.
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Nitrate supplementation at two forage levels in dairy cows feeding: milk production and composition, fatty acid profiles, blood metabolites, ruminal fermentation, and hydrogen sink. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2021-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Nitrate may reduce the ruminal methane emission by competing methanogenesis to achieve more hydrogen. For this purpose, twenty Holstein lactating cows were examined using a 2×2 factorial design in 4 groups for 60 days with two forage levels (40% and 60%) and supplemental nitrate 0% (F40 and F60) and 3.5% (F40N and F60N) of diet dry matter (DM). Then, the effect of nitrate and forage levels on cow performance, ruminal fermentation, methane emission, and metabolic hydrogen sink were evaluated. The nitrate supplementation did not significantly affect milk yield and ECM/DMI while, milk urea nitrogen was increased. Lowest quantity of milk vitamins (A and E) was observed in nitrate groups. The nitrate supplementation increased c9-C18:1, unsaturated fatty acids, and n-6/n-3 contents of the milk. Blood parameters were affected by nitrate supplementation. Blood met-Hb concentration was increased, while blood glucose was decreased in nitrate groups. High forage and nitrate fed animals (F60N) had higher ruminal acetate and lower propionate concentration, and higher acetate+butyrate to propionate ratio than other groups. Nitrite and NH3-N concentrations were higher in the rumen of nitrate fed animals. Nitrate supplementation inhibited gas volume and methane emission without affecting volatile fatty acids at 12 and 24 h of incubation. The H2 balance, H2 production and consumption, and recovery percentage were significantly lower in F60N group. In conclusion, nitrate supplementation can be employed as an alternative strategy for improving ruminal fermentation, milk quality and methane inhibition.
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Stelwagen K, Beukes PC, Hemmings C. Effect of zeolite administration on nitrogen metabolism and excretion in lactating dairy cows offered pasture herbage. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/an19674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Context
Due to high protein concentrations in pastures, dairy cows offered a pasture-based diet often consume excess nitrogen (N), which leads to high ruminal ammonia concentrations and excessive urinary N excretion, thereby contributing to pasture N leaching.
Aims
To study the effect of administration of natural zeolite on ruminal pH and ammonia production and N excretion in lactating cows offered an all-pasture herbage diet.
Methods
In a metabolism stall trial using a crossover trial design, rumen-cannulated Friesian cows were administered either zero (Control, n = 16) or 400 g/day of zeolite (Zeolite; n = 16). Zeolite was divided into two equal portions and administered directly into the rumen before feeding fresh-cut ryegrass-clover herbage at 07:30 and 15:30 hours. Cows were kept in the metabolism stalls for two measurement periods of 5 days each, with each period preceded by an adaptation/washout period of 2 weeks. Feed intake, milk yield, total urine and faecal outputs were measured daily. During the last day of each measurement period ruminal fluid and blood were frequently sampled.
Key results
Zeolite administered at 2.2% of dry matter intake (DMI) did not affect daily DMI. Moreover, milk yield and milk composition, including milk urea, were not affected by zeolite administration. In cows administered zeolite the mean 24-h ruminal ammonia concentration was reduced by 1.5 mmol/L (9%) and the ruminal pH pattern in zeolite-administered cows over 24 h was above that of Control cows, but the overall effect on pH was not significant. Zeolite had no effect on plasma urea, total urinary N excreted or faecal N. Of the total N excreted across the groups, 21.7, 50.6 and 27.7% was excreted into milk, urine and faeces respectively.
Conclusions
Zeolite administration reduced ruminal ammonia concentration but this did not result in reduced urinary N excretion in dairy cows offered pasture.
Implications
Dietary supplementation with zeolite may help to improve aspects of ruminal function in cows consuming pasture, but is unlikely to be an effective tool for reducing N leaching from pastures.
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Effects of oral supplementation with organically modified clinoptilolite during prepartum period on colostrum quality in primiparous dairy cows. J DAIRY RES 2020; 87:429-435. [PMID: 33261672 DOI: 10.1017/s0022029920001077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This research paper addresses the hypothesis that an oral supplementation with organically modified clinoptilolite will improve colostrum quality in primiparous dairy cows whilst having no adverse effects on the cows' health. A total of 36 pregnant Holstein primiparous dairy cattle were randomly assigned to receive daily oral drenching, two hours following morning feeding, with 1 l of water containing either 0 g/l (n = 16) or 150 g/l (n = 20) of clinoptilolite. Treatment lasted from 24 ± 4 d prior to expected parturition until two days postpartum (pp). Colostrum was collected at 2 to 3 h, 12, 24 and 36 h pp and blood samples were collected at 24 ± 4 and 4 ± 2 d prior to parturition and 1, 2 and 7 d pp. Overall mean dry matter, fat and total protein percentage as well as IgG concentration and mass were significantly greater in colostrum collected from cattle drenched with clinoptilolite (total protein increased by 15% and IgG concentration and mass by 21 and 38% respectively at first sampling and further at second sampling). Total γ globulin and most other blood serum biochemistry parameters did not differ between cattle treated and not treated with clinoptilolite, the only exception being the fast anionic γ globulin fraction that was 17% greater at 4 ± 2 d prior to parturition and 10% lower on the 1st day pp in treated cattle. These results showed that organically modified oral clinoptilolite supplementation at 150 g/d significantly increases the IgG concentration in colostrum and has no adverse effects on the energy status, protein, lipid, and mineral metabolism in primiparous dairy cattle during prepartum period.
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Teoh R, Caro E, Holman DB, Joseph S, Meale SJ, Chaves AV. Effects of Hardwood Biochar on Methane Production, Fermentation Characteristics, and the Rumen Microbiota Using Rumen Simulation. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1534. [PMID: 31354652 PMCID: PMC6635593 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biochar is a novel carbonized feed additive sourced from pyrolyzed biomass. This compound is known to adsorb gasses and carbon, participate in biological redox reactions and provide habitat biofilms for desirable microbiota proliferation. Therefore, biochar holds potential to modify rumen fermentation characteristics and reduce enteric CH4 emissions. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of hardwood biochar supplementation on fermentation parameters, methane (CH4) production and the ruminal archaeal, bacterial, and fungal microbiota using the in vitro RUSITEC (rumen simulation technique) system. Treatments consisted of a control diet (oaten pasture: maize silage: concentrate, 35:35:30 w/w) and hardwood biochar included at 400 or 800 mg per day (3.6 and 7.2% of substrate DM, respectively), over a 15-day period. Biochar supplementation had no effect (P ≥ 0.37) on pH, effluent (mL/d), total gas (mL/d), dry matter (DM) digestibility or CH4 production (mg/d). The addition of 800 mg biochar per day had the tendency (P = 0.10) to lower the % of CH4 released in fermentation compared to 400 mg/d biochar treatment. However, no effect (P ≥ 0.44) was seen on total VFA, acetate, propionate, butyric, branched-chain VFA, valerate and caproate production and the ratio of acetate to propionate. No effect (P > 0.05) was observed on bacterial, archaeal or fungal community structure. However, biochar supplementation at 800 mg/d decreased the abundance of one Methanomethylophilaceae OTU (19.8-fold, P = 0.046) and one Lactobacillus spp. OTU (31.7-fold, P < 0.01), in comparison to control treatments. Two fungal OTUs classified as Vishniacozyma victoriae (5.4 × 107 increase) and Sporobolomyces ruberrimus (5.4 × 107-fold increase) were more abundant in the 800 mg/d biochar samples. In conclusion, hardwood biochar had no effects on ruminal fermentation characteristics and may potentially lower the concentration of enteric CH4 when included at higher dosages by manipulating ruminal microbiota abundances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Teoh
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Eleonora Caro
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Department of Agricultural, Forestry and Food Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Devin B. Holman
- Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, AB, Canada
| | - Stephen Joseph
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sarah J. Meale
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD, Australia
| | - Alex V. Chaves
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
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Khachlouf K, Hamed H, Gdoura R, Gargouri A. Effects of dietary Zeolite supplementation on milk yield and composition and blood minerals status in lactating dairy cows. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2018.1563548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Khouloud Khachlouf
- Research Unit of Toxicology, Environmental Microbiology, and Health (LR17ES06), Faculty of Science of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Houda Hamed
- Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Science of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Radhouane Gdoura
- Research Unit of Toxicology, Environmental Microbiology, and Health (LR17ES06), Faculty of Science of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Gargouri
- Research Unit of Toxicology, Environmental Microbiology, and Health (LR17ES06), Faculty of Science of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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