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Drelich E, Tracz J, Cisowski A, Kowalik M, Figurski A, Kwacz M, Rządkowski W. Force prediction in the cylindrical grip for a model of hand prosthesis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17205. [PMID: 37821502 PMCID: PMC10567731 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43600-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to present an analytical method of calculating forces acting on the thumb, index, middle finger, and metacarpal part of a hand prosthesis in a cylindrical grip. This prehension pattern represents a common operation of grabbing and manipulating everyday life objects. The design process assumed that such a prosthesis would have 5 fully operating fingers and 18 total degrees of freedom: three for each finger including the thumb, and another three for the wrist. The assumed load was 1 kg and the diameter equaled 70 mm, representing a water bottle. The method was based on analytical mechanics and as opposed to experiments or numerical methods does not require many resources. The calculations involved solving a system with seven unknown forces using an equilibrium equation for forces and moments in all three axes. The resulting equations were presented in a matrix form and solved using MATLAB software. The validation of the method with an experiment using FSR sensors and comparing it to other reports showed differences in index and middle finger involvement. However, the total sum of forces was similar, therefore it is reasoned that the grip can be performed and the prediction was accurate for the thumb and metacarpal. When using the model, the friction coefficient must be chosen with a safe margin as it influences the grip force. The presented method can be used for other models and designs by inserting their dimensions into the equations and solving them numerically to obtain forces useful in mechatronics design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Drelich
- Institute of Micromechanics and Photonics, Warsaw University of Technology, Św. Andrzeja Boboli 8, 02-525, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jan Tracz
- Institute of Micromechanics and Photonics, Warsaw University of Technology, Św. Andrzeja Boboli 8, 02-525, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Aeronautics and Applied Mechanics, Warsaw University of Technology, Nowowiejska 24, 00-665, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Cisowski
- Institute of Aeronautics and Applied Mechanics, Warsaw University of Technology, Nowowiejska 24, 00-665, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Kowalik
- Institute of Aeronautics and Applied Mechanics, Warsaw University of Technology, Nowowiejska 24, 00-665, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksy Figurski
- Institute of Aeronautics and Applied Mechanics, Warsaw University of Technology, Nowowiejska 24, 00-665, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Kwacz
- Institute of Micromechanics and Photonics, Warsaw University of Technology, Św. Andrzeja Boboli 8, 02-525, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Witold Rządkowski
- Institute of Aeronautics and Applied Mechanics, Warsaw University of Technology, Nowowiejska 24, 00-665, Warsaw, Poland.
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Jain A, Tony B, Alphin M. Evaluation of the bio-dynamic response of the hand-arm system and hand-tool designs - A brief review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2022; 29:586-595. [PMID: 35593190 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2022.2060587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Hand-operated tools transmit a high magnitude of vibration exposure to the hand-arm system that causes occupational diseases. The health effects caused in various countries for the past years due to usage of hand tools are necessary to identify the occupational disorders. Researchers have conducted various studies on biological effects, hand-transmitted vibration exposure and biodynamic responses throughout the years. This article goes over each of these studies in detail, as well as identifying areas where more research is needed. The majority of studies deal with the following topics: general guidelines for hand-transmitted vibrations; assessment techniques of vibration exposure; hand-tool evaluation methods; influence of hand-tool design to overcome the biomechanical effects; and finite element modelling for quantifying vibration exposure. In response to this, understanding the biodynamic behaviour of the hand-arm system is useful for better ergonomic intervention in hand tools to reduce fatigue and increase comfort.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.R. Jain
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Birmingham City University-UAE Campus
| | - B Tony
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Birmingham City University-UAE Campus
| | - M.S Alphin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, India
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Alphin MS, Paul Chandra Kumar J, Tony BJAR. Biomechanical Response of the Human Foot Model Exposed to Vibrations: A Finite Element Analysis. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2021.2748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged exposure to mechanical vibration has been associated with many musculoskeletal, vascular and sensorineural disorders of the foot from simple Plantar fasciitis and Achilles Tendonitis to complex ones as Tarsal tunnel syndrome (TTS) and Vibration white feet/toes. Foot-transmitted
vibrations (FTV) are exposed to the occupants using vibrating equipment’s or standing on vibrating platforms. Prolonged exposure to foot-transmitted vibrations (FTV) can lead to syndromes like vibration white feet/toes may result in tingling sensation, blanching of the toes and even
numbness in the feet and toes. A multi-layered two dimensional, plane strain finite element model is developed from the actual cross-section of the human foot to study the stresses and strains developed in the skin and soft tissues. The foot is assumed to be in contact with a steel plate,
mimicking the interaction between the foot and the work platform. The skin and the subcutaneous tissue are considered as hyperelastic and viscoelastic. The effects of loading in the form of displacements and the frequency of sinusoidal vibration on a time-dependent stress/strain distribution
at various depths in the subcutaneous tissue of the foot are investigated. The simulations indicate that lower frequency vibrations penetrate deep into the subcutaneous tissue while higher frequencies are concentrated in the outer skin layer. The present biomechanical model may serve as a
valuable tool to study the response of foot of those who work on a vibrating platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. S. Alphin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Chennai 603110, India
| | - J. Paul Chandra Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jeppiaar Engineering College, Chennai 600119, India
| | - B. Jain A. R. Tony
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Malla Reddy College of Engineering and Technology, Secunderabad 500100, India
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