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Subramanian Karthikesh M, Martinez-Rivera N, Rosa-Molinar E, Wang X, Yang X. Ultrasound-assisted laser therapy for selective removal of melanoma cells. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2024; 249:10096. [PMID: 39170033 PMCID: PMC11338193 DOI: 10.3389/ebm.2024.10096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The current study explores the potential of ultrasound-assisted laser therapy (USaLT) to selectively destroy melanoma cells. The technology was tested on an ex vivo melanoma model, which was established by growing melanoma cells in chicken breast tissue. Ultrasound-only and laser-only treatments were used as control groups. USaLT was able to effectively destroy melanoma cells and selectively remove 66.41% of melanoma cells in the ex vivo tumor model when an ultrasound peak negative pressure of 2 MPa was concurrently applied with a laser fluence of 28 mJ/cm2 at 532 nm optical wavelength for 5 min. The therapeutic efficiency was further improved with the use of a higher laser fluence, and the treatment depth was improved to 3.5 mm with the use of 1,064 nm laser light at a fluence of 150 mJ/cm2. None of the laser-only and ultrasound-only treatments were able to remove any melanoma cells. The treatment outcome was validated with histological analyses and photoacoustic imaging. This study opens the possibility of USaLT for melanoma that is currently treated by laser therapy, but at a much lower laser fluence level, hence improving the safety potential of laser therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhumithra Subramanian Karthikesh
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
- Institute for Bioengineering Research, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - Noraida Martinez-Rivera
- Microscopy and Analytical Imaging Laboratory, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - Eduardo Rosa-Molinar
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
- Microscopy and Analytical Imaging Laboratory, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Neuroscience, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - Xueding Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Xinmai Yang
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
- Institute for Bioengineering Research, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
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