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Kannan M, Vitenberg T, Schweitzer R, Opatovsky I. Hemolymph metabolism of black soldier fly (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), response to different supplemental fungi. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2024; 24:5. [PMID: 38713543 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieae050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
The black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), is commonly used for organic waste recycling and animal feed production. However, the often inadequate nutrients in organic waste necessitate nutritional enhancement of black soldier fly larvae, e.g., by fungal supplementation of its diet. We investigated the amino acid composition of two fungi, Candida tropicalis (Castell.) Berkhout (Saccharomycetales: Saccharomycetaceae) and Pichia kudriavzevii Boidin, Pignal & Besson (Saccharomycetales: Pichiaceae), from the black soldier fly gut, and commercial baker's yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Meyen ex E.C. Hansen (Saccharomycetales: Saccharomycetaceae), and their effects on larval growth and hemolymph metabolites in fifth-instar black soldier fly larvae. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to study the effect of fungal metabolites on black soldier fly larval metabolism. Amino acid analysis revealed significant variation among the fungi. Fungal supplementation led to increased larval body mass and differential metabolite accumulation. The three fungal species caused distinct metabolic changes, with each over-accumulating and down-accumulating various metabolites. We identified significant alteration of histidine metabolism, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, and glycerophospholipid metabolism in BSF larvae treated with C. tropicalis. Treatment with P. kudriavzevii affected histidine metabolism and citrate cycle metabolites, while both P. kudriavzevii and S. cerevisiae treatments impacted tyrosine metabolism. Treatment with S. cerevisiae resulted in down-accumulation of metabolites related to glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism. This study suggests that adding fungi to the larval diet significantly affects black soldier fly larval metabolomics. Further research is needed to understand how individual amino acids and their metabolites contributed by fungi affect black soldier fly larval physiology, growth, and development, to elucidate the interaction between fungal nutrients and black soldier fly physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mani Kannan
- Laboratory of Insect Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Nutrition and Natural Products, MIGAL-Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Tel-Hai College, 11 Upper Galilee, Israel
| | - Tzach Vitenberg
- Laboratory of Insect Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Nutrition and Natural Products, MIGAL-Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Ron Schweitzer
- Department of Natural Compounds and Analytical Chemistry, MIGAL-Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Itai Opatovsky
- Laboratory of Insect Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Nutrition and Natural Products, MIGAL-Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Tel-Hai College, 11 Upper Galilee, Israel
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Książek E. Citric Acid: Properties, Microbial Production, and Applications in Industries. Molecules 2023; 29:22. [PMID: 38202605 PMCID: PMC10779990 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Citric acid finds broad applications in various industrial sectors, such as the pharmaceutical, food, chemical, and cosmetic industries. The bioproduction of citric acid uses various microorganisms, but the most commonly employed ones are filamentous fungi such as Aspergillus niger and yeast Yarrowia lipolytica. This article presents a literature review on the properties of citric acid, the microorganisms and substrates used, different fermentation techniques, its industrial utilization, and the global citric acid market. This review emphasizes that there is still much to explore, both in terms of production process techniques and emerging new applications of citric acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Książek
- Department of Agroenginieering and Quality Analysis, Faculty of Production Engineering, Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, Komandorska 118-120, 53-345 Wrocław, Poland
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Ziuzia P, Janiec Z, Wróbel-Kwiatkowska M, Lazar Z, Rakicka-Pustułka M. Honey's Yeast-New Source of Valuable Species for Industrial Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097889. [PMID: 37175595 PMCID: PMC10178026 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Honey is a rich source of compounds with biological activity; moreover, it is a valuable source of various microorganisms. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify yeast from a sample of lime honey from Poland as well as to assess its ability to biosynthesize value-added chemicals such as kynurenic acid, erythritol, mannitol, and citric acid on common carbon sources. Fifteen yeast strains belonging to the species Yarrowia lipolytica, Candida magnolia, and Starmerella magnoliae were isolated. In shake-flask screening, the best value-added compound producers were chosen. In the last step, scaling up of the culture in the bioreactor was performed. A newly isolated strain of Y. lipolytica No. 12 produced 3.9 mg/L of kynurenic acid growing on fructose. Strain Y. lipolytica No. 9 synthesized 32.6 g/L of erythritol on technical glycerol with a low concentration of byproducts. Strain Y. lipolytica No. 5 produced 15.1 g/L of mannitol on technical glycerol, and strain No. 3 produced a very high amount of citric acid (76.6 g/L) on technical glycerol. In conclusion, to the best of our knowledge this is the first study to report the use of yeast isolates from honey to produce valuable chemicals. This study proves that natural products such as lime honey can be an excellent source of wild-type yeasts with valuable production properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Ziuzia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 31 Norwida St., 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Janiec
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37 Chełmońskiego St., 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Wróbel-Kwiatkowska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37 Chełmońskiego St., 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Lazar
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37 Chełmońskiego St., 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rakicka-Pustułka
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37 Chełmońskiego St., 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
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Evaluation of Growth and Utilization Potential of Rhodobacter sphaeroides in Reused Medium. Mol Biotechnol 2023; 65:441-445. [PMID: 35982379 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-022-00553-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Rhodobacter sphaeroides is a metabolically versatile purple non-sulfur bacteria that can produce valuable substances. As the low-cost and high-efficiency production of valuable substances is attracting attention, the reuse of the medium is emerging as a promising strategy. Therefore, in this study, the growth of R. sphaeroides was evaluated by reusing the medium of Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. As a result, in the reuse of the medium in which S. cerevisiae was cultured, sufficient growth of R. sphaeroides could be confirmed, and especially, the growth of R. sphaeroides was not inhibited under aerobic conditions. Therefore, it is considered that the strategy of reusing the medium of S. cerevisiae is sufficiently feasible. Of the organic compounds investigated, R. sphaeroides grew best in succinic acid, followed by malic acid, citric acid, acetic acid, and glucose. In addition, by comparing photopigment synthesis in the reused medium, we propose the hypothesis that succinic acid may play an important role in photopigment synthesis for the first time.
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Park YK, Ledesma-Amaro R. What makes Yarrowia lipolytica well suited for industry? Trends Biotechnol 2023; 41:242-254. [PMID: 35940976 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2022.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Yarrowia lipolytica possesses natural and engineered traits that make it a good host for the industrial bioproduction of chemicals, fuels, foods, and pharmaceuticals. In recent years, academic and industrial researchers have assessed its potential, developed synthetic biology techniques, improved its features, scaled its processes, and identified its limitations. Both publications and patents related to Y. lipolytica have shown a drastic increase during the past decade. Here, we discuss the characteristics of this yeast that make it suitable for industry and the remaining challenges for its wider use at large scale. We present evidence herein that shows the importance and potential of Y. lipolytica in bioproduction such that it may soon be one of the preferred choices of industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Kyoung Park
- Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London, UK; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Rodrigo Ledesma-Amaro
- Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London, UK; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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Effects of apple storage period on the organic acids and volatiles in apple wine. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Chen C, Zhang X, Liu C, Wu Y, Zheng G, Chen Y. Advances in downstream processes and applications of biological carboxylic acids derived from organic wastes. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 346:126609. [PMID: 34954356 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Recovering carboxylic acids derived from organic wastes from fermentation broth is challenging. To provide a reference for future study and industrial application, this review summarized recent advances in recovery technologies of carboxylic acids including precipitation, extraction, adsorption, membrane-based processes, etc. Meanwhile, applications of recovered carboxylic acids are summarized as well to help choose suitable downstream processes according to purity requirement. Integrated processes are required to remove the impurities from the complicated fermentation broth, at the cost of loss and expense. Compared with chemical processes, biological synthesis is better options due to low requirements for the substrates. Generally, the use of toxic agents, consumption of acid/alkaline and membrane fouling hamper the sustainability and scale-up of the downstream processes. Future research on novel solvents and materials will facilitate the sustainable recovery and reduce the cost of the downstream processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xuemeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Guanghong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Yinguang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Adeoye AO, Lateef A. Biotechnological valorization of cashew apple juice for the production of citric acid by a local strain of Aspergillus niger LCFS 5. JOURNAL OF GENETIC ENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 19:137. [PMID: 34533689 PMCID: PMC8448800 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-021-00232-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Background This work investigates the production of citric acid from cashew apple juice, an abundant waste in the processing of cashew, using a local strain of Aspergillus niger and the application of the citric acid as a coagulant for the production of soy cheese. Fungal isolates were obtained from a cashew plantation in Ogbomoso, Nigeria, using potato dextrose agar. Further screening was undertaken to determine the qualitative strength of acid production by the fungi on Czapek-Dox agar supplemented with bromocresol green, with the development of yellow zone taken as an indication of citric acid production. Thereafter, the best producing strain was cultivated in a cashew apple juice medium. Results Out of 150 fungal isolates generated from the cashew plantation, 92 (61.3%), 44 (29.3%) and 14 (9.3%) were obtained from cashew fruits, soil and cashew tree surfaces, respectively. Different strains of fungi isolated include Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, A. foetidus, A. heteromorphus, A. nidulans and A. viridinutans. The isolates produced yellow zonation of 0.4–5.5 cm on modified Czapek-Dox agar; the highest was observed for a strain of A. niger LCFS 5, which was identified using molecular tools. In the formulated cashew apple juice medium, the citric acid yield of LCFS 5 ranged 16.0–92.8 g/l with the peak obtained on the 10th day of fermentation. The citric acid produced was recovered using the double precipitation method with Ca(OH)2 and H2SO4 having ≈ 70% purity of citric acid on HPLC. The citric acid acted as a coagulant to produce soy cheese with 66.67% acceptability by panelists. Conclusion This work has extended the frontiers of valorization of cashew waste by a strain of A. niger to produce citric acid in high yield, with potential application in food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adekunle Olusegun Adeoye
- Department of Food Science, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB, 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Agbaje Lateef
- Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology and Nanobiotechnology, Department of Pure and Applied Biology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB, 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
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