1
|
Gueboudji Z, Kadi K, Mahmoudi M, Hannachi H, Nagaz K, Addad D, Yahya LB, Lachehib B, Hessini K. Maceration and liquid-liquid extractions of phenolic compounds and antioxidants from Algerian olive oil mill wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:3432-3439. [PMID: 35948794 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22482-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Olive oil mill wastewater (OMW) is a major waste stream generated in olive oil industry. It is highly polluted due to phenolic compounds. The present study focused on the physicochemical properties of OMW as well as the quantitative and qualitative effects of two extraction methods of phenolic compounds which were liquid-liquid and maceration methods. Spectrophotometry and high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS) were adopted to quantify the phytochemical contents and the phenolic compounds. The extract obtained by the maceration method showed the highest yields of total polyphenol, flavonoid, and tannin contents. The LC-MS results revealed the presence of 16 phenolic compounds in the macerated, and only 12 phenolic compounds were found in the extract of the second method. Quinic acid was identified as the most abundant compound. Moreover, the macerated extracts possessed the highest antioxidant potential as evidenced by their strong ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and their 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS) radical scavenging activities. The phytochemical contents, as well as the antioxidant potentials of OMW after extraction using maceration, were significantly greater than using liquid-liquid method. Therefore, maceration seemed to be the most effective method for extracting phenolic compounds from OMW. The OMW constitute a rich source of natural phenolic compounds that could be used as a potential source of natural antioxidants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zakia Gueboudji
- Biotechnology, Water, Environment and Health Laboratory, Abbes Laghrour University of Khenchela, Khenchela, Algeria
- Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Abbes Laghrour University of Khenchela, Khenchela, Algeria
| | - Kenza Kadi
- Biotechnology, Water, Environment and Health Laboratory, Abbes Laghrour University of Khenchela, Khenchela, Algeria
- Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Abbes Laghrour University of Khenchela, Khenchela, Algeria
| | - Maher Mahmoudi
- Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, University of Gabes, Gabes, Tunisia.
- Laboratory of Plant, Soil and Environment Interactions (LIPSE), LR21LS01, University of Tunis El Manar, 1068, Tunis, Tunisia.
- Laboratory of Rangeland Ecosystems and Valorization of Spontaneous Plants and Associated Microorganisms, Arid Regions Institute, Street Djerba km 22.5, Medenine, Tunisia.
| | - Hédia Hannachi
- Laboratory of Vegetable Productivity And Environmental Constraint LR18ES04, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Kamel Nagaz
- Drylands and Oases Cropping Laboratory, IRA, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Dalila Addad
- Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Abbes Laghrour University of Khenchela, Khenchela, Algeria
| | - Leila Ben Yahya
- Drylands and Oases Cropping Laboratory, IRA, Medenine, Tunisia
| | | | - Kamel Hessini
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gueboudji Z, Addad D, Kadi K, Nagaz K, Secrafi M, Yahya LB, Lachehib B, Abdelmalek A. Biological activities and phenolic compounds of olive oil mill wastewater from Abani, endemic Algerian variety. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6042. [PMID: 35410360 PMCID: PMC9001683 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10052-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to determination of cytotoxicity, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-hemolytic, and anticoagulant activities of phenolic compounds extracted from olive oil mill wastewater (OMW) issue from the cold extraction of olive oil from Khenchela eastern in Algeria. The LC–MS (liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry) results were revealed the presence of 20 phenolic compounds in the extract of OMW and mostly consisted of Kaempferol, 4,5-di-O-caffeoyquinic acid, quinic acid, and caffeic acid. The extracts possessed effective reducing power (FRAP) and high radical scavenging activity against DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS + (2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) free radicals, and it inhibited cytochrome c reduction in a dose-dependent manner. They exert a protective effect on red blood cells, and they were found to exhibit the highest inhibitory effect anti-inflammatory activity using inhibition of protein denaturation (IPD) and membrane stabilizing potential (MSP) tests (80.46 ± 3.81 µg/mL and 87.43 ± 0.66 µg/mL) more than the standard used. The extract also showed the greatest anticoagulant activity in both the endogenous and exogenous routes (44.77 ± 0.25 s and 15.84 ± 0.12 s, respectively). Based on these findings, it is reasonable to infer that OMW is a good source of natural phenolic compounds with potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticoagulant properties.
Collapse
|