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Wang X, Tang Z, Shao J, Robertson S, Gómez MÁ, Zhang S. HoopTransformer: Advancing NBA Offensive Play Recognition with Self-Supervised Learning from Player Trajectories. Sports Med 2024:10.1007/s40279-024-02030-3. [PMID: 38814566 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-024-02030-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Understanding and recognizing basketball offensive set plays, which involve intricate interactions between players, have always been regarded as challenging tasks for untrained humans, not to mention machines. In this study, our objective is to propose an artificial intelligence model that can automatically recognize offensive plays using a novel self-supervised learning approach. METHODS The dataset was collected by SportVU from 632 games during the 2015-2016 season of the National Basketball Association (NBA), with a total of 90,524 possessions. A multi-agent motion prediction pretraining model was built on the basis of axial-attention transformer and trained with different masking strategies: motion prediction (MP), motion reconstruction (MR), and MP + MR joint strategy. A downstream play-level classification task and similarity search were used to evaluate the models' performance. RESULTS The results showed that the MP + MR joint masking strategy maximized the ability of the model compared with individual masking strategies. For the classification task, the joint strategy achieved a top-1 accuracy of 81.5% and top-3 accuracy of 97.5%. In the similarity search evaluation, the joint strategy attained a top-5 accuracy of 76% and top-10 accuracy of 59%. Additionally, with the same MP + MR joint masking strategy, our HoopTransformer model outperformed the two baseline models in the classification task and similarity search. CONCLUSION This study presents a self-supervised learning model and demonstrates the effectiveness and potential of the model in accurately comprehending and capturing player movements and complex interactions during offensive plays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Wang
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Zitian Tang
- Athletic Performance and Data Science Laboratory, Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Computer Science Department, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jianchong Shao
- Athletic Performance and Data Science Laboratory, Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Sam Robertson
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Miguel-Ángel Gómez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Shaoliang Zhang
- Athletic Performance and Data Science Laboratory, Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Estévez-López F, Dall’Aglio L, Rodriguez-Ayllon M, Xu B, You Y, Hillman CH, Muetzel RL, Tiemeier H. Levels of Physical Activity at Age 10 Years and Brain Morphology Changes From Ages 10 to 14 Years. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2333157. [PMID: 37796507 PMCID: PMC10556964 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.33157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Physical activity may promote healthy brain development in children, but previous research was predominantly cross-sectional and included small samples, providing limited knowledge. Objective To investigate the longitudinal associations of physical activity with brain morphology changes. Design, Setting, and Participants A 4-year longitudinal population-based cohort study in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, embedded in Generation R, a cohort from fetal life onward. From the women enrolled during pregnancy, children who had repeated measures of brain structure at ages 10 (range 8 to 12) years and 14 (range 13 to 15) years were included. Data were collected from March 2013 to November 2015 (baseline) and from October 2016 to January 2020 (follow-up). Data were analyzed from April to December 2022. Exposure At age 10 years, both the child and their primary caregiver reported the child's levels of physical activity with regard to sport participation, outdoor play, and total physical activity. Primary analyses were based on an average multi-informant report. Main outcomes and measures Brain morphology was quantified by magnetic resonance imaging. Hypothesized regions of interest were the bilateral amygdala and hippocampal volumes. Global brain measures were studied to test the specificity of the hypothesis. Results Data were available for 1088 children (566 girls [52%]; 693 [64%] Dutch). Their mean (SD) age at baseline was 10.1 (0.6) years. For amygdala volume change, positive associations with multi-informant reports of total physical activity (β = 2.6; 95% CI, 0.3-4.9) were found. Total physical activity was associated with hippocampal volume increases only when reported by the child (β = 3.1; 95% CI, 0.4-5.8). No robust associations with global brain measures were found. Conclusions and relevance In this cohort study of 1088 children, more physical activity at 10 years was consistently associated with an increase in amygdala volume in children aged 10 to 14 years. Physical activity and increases in hippocampal volume were found using child reports of physical activity only. These findings suggest physical activity in late childhood was prospectively associated with volumetric changes in specific subcortical structures, but not to global brain development, from late childhood to early adolescence. These findings may inform the design of future public health interventions to best facilitate neurodevelopment with physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Estévez-López
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, SPORT Research Group and CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lorenza Dall’Aglio
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - María Rodriguez-Ayllon
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yueyue You
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Charles H. Hillman
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Physical Therapy, Movement and Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ryan L. Muetzel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Wang Z, Cao G, Xu J, Qiu J, Yang R. A comparative study of Chinese women 3 × 3 basketball players exercise load in Tokyo Olympic preparation cycle. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1096423. [PMID: 37469561 PMCID: PMC10352768 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1096423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the variances in-game loads exhibited by Chinese women's 3 × 3 basketball team across different stages of the preparation cycle for the Tokyo Olympic Games, and to summarize the fundamental regulations governing Chinese women's 3 × 3 basketball training and games, in order to establish a theoretical research foundation for the team's new preparation cycle. Methods: This study measured load-related data during the preparation and main competition periods of the 2019-2021 Tokyo Olympics, from April to August 2019 and from April to June 2021. The aim was to compare the changes and differences in a load of competition during different stages and to explore patterns of load changes during the preparation period. This study used wearable devices authorized by FIFA and NBA, along with the Catapult GPS performance monitoring system from Australia (Catapult&Polar Team) as instruments for collecting sports load data. The OptimEye S5 device was worn around the athlete's neck to collect data prior to the game, while the Open Field™ system was utilized for data editing and report generation post-game. Results: Compared to the primary competition load during the 2019 preparation period, the 2021 preparation period exhibited significant increases and decreases (p < 0.05) in competition load, high-intensity load, the number of explosive moves, the number of high-intensity acceleration, several changes to the left and right, and the number of explosive jumps. During the 2021 preparation period, the mean heart rate, mean heart rate percentage, and mean speed of the race demonstrated significant decreases in comparison to the race during the 2019 preparation period (p < 0.05). Throughout the training period spanning from 2019 to 2021, no significant differences were observed in running distance and maximum speed (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study reveal that the national training team has fostered positive adaptive changes in athletes, resulting in a significant enhancement in both load and sports performance science data during competition from 2019 to 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- Shanghai Research Institute of Sport Science, Shanghai Anti-Doping Agency, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohuan Cao
- Shanghai Research Institute of Sport Science, Shanghai Anti-Doping Agency, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiamin Xu
- Shanghai Elite Sport Training Administrative Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Qiu
- Shanghai Research Institute of Sport Science, Shanghai Anti-Doping Agency, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruoyu Yang
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Wheelchair skill tests in wheelchair Basketball: A systematic review. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276946. [PMID: 36454747 PMCID: PMC9714714 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to identify, describe and synthesize the skill tests used in wheelchair basketball. METHOD A systematic review was carried out in the databases: PubMed/Medline, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of science and Google Scholar from inception to January 2021 with up to date in January 2022. the eligibility criteria used were Inclusion: (i) evaluation of wheelchair basketball athletes; (ii) using skill tests (defined as agility, speed, ball maneuverability, slalom, etc.) and (iii) papers needed to be written in English and published in peer-reviewed journals. Exclusion: (i) papers with poor description of the test methodology, (ii) participants not classified as wheelchair basketball athletes (less than one year of practice) and (iii) Participants were not people without disabilities. RESULTS Our main findings were: a) the most explored skills were pass and speed, and the most frequent test was the pass tests and sprint tests, b) Strong associations were found between sports classes and performance in field tests, c) The most used tests for each skill were: pass = pass accuracy and maximum pass; speed = 20m sprint test with and without the ball; agility = slalom test; dribbling = obstacle dribbling tests and throw = free throw and spot shot. CONCLUSION The most explored skills were passing and speed, and to evaluate these skills we highlight the two-handed chest pass test, 20m sprint test with ball and the WMP test. The use of specific tests can facilitate the creation of reference standards and possible comparison of athletes and, thus, enable better training conditions, aiming to meet the specific demands of each athlete and team.
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Match Analysis in Team Ball Sports: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2022; 8:66. [PMID: 35553279 PMCID: PMC9100301 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-022-00454-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Match analysis has evolved exponentially over the past decades in team sports resulting in a significant number of published systematic reviews and meta-analyses. An umbrella review of the available literature is needed to provide an integrated overview of current knowledge and contribute to more robust theoretical explanations of team performance.
Methods
The Web of Science (all databases), PubMed, Cochrane Library (Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews), Scopus, and SPORTDiscus databases were searched for relevant publications prior to 19 February 2021. Appraisal of the methodological quality of included articles was undertaken using the tool for Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR-2). Twenty-four studies were reviewed that met the following criteria: (1) contained relevant data from match analyses in team ball sports; (2) were defined as systematic reviews or/and meta-analyses; and (3) were written in the English language.
Results
The overall methodological quality of the 24 included reviews, obtained through the AMSTAR-2, revealed very low confidence ratings (Critically Low, n = 12) for the results of most systematic reviews of match analyses in team ball sports. Additionally, the results showed that research is focused mainly on four levels of analysis: (1) dyadic (microlevel); (2) individual (molecular level; predominant); (3) group (mesolevel), and (4) team dynamics (macrolevel). These levels of analysis included tactical, technical, physical, and psychosocial variables. Team performance was contextualized at two levels, with reference to: (1) match context (e.g. match status, match location, match period, quality of opposition) and (2) sociodemographic and environmental constraints (sex, age groups, competitive level, altitude, temperature, pitch surface).
Conclusions
The evolution of methods for match analysis in team ball sports indicates that: (1) an individual-level performance analysis was predominant; (2) the focus on intermediate levels of analysis, observing performance in dyadic and group interactions, has received less attention from researchers; (3) neglected areas of research include psychosocial aspects of team sports and women’s performance; and (4) analyses of match contexts need greater depth.
Registration: The protocol was registered in the International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols with the number 202080067 and the DOI number https://doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2020.8.0067.
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Supola B, Hoch T, Baca A. The role of secondary assists in basketball – an analysis of its characteristics and effect on scoring. INT J PERF ANAL SPOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/24748668.2022.2039090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bence Supola
- Department of Sport Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Hoch
- Data Science Department, Software Competence Center Hagenberg GmbH, Hagenberg, Austria
| | - Arnold Baca
- Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Quílez-Maimón A, Rojas-Ruiz FJ, Delgado-García G, Courel-Ibáñez J. The Q-Pass Index: A Multifactorial IMUs-Based Tool to Assess Passing Skills in Basketball. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21134601. [PMID: 34283154 PMCID: PMC8271510 DOI: 10.3390/s21134601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Despite being a key sport-specific characteristic in performance, there is no practical tool to assess the quality of the pass in basketball. The aim of this study is to develop a tool (the quality-pass index or Q-Pass) able to deliver a quantitative, practical measure of passing skills quality based on a combination of accuracy, execution time and pass pattern variability. Temporal, kinematics and performance parameters were analysed in five different types of passes (chest, bounce, crossover, between-the-leg and behind-the-back) using a field-based test, video cameras and body-worn inertial sensors (IMUs). Data from pass accuracy, time and angular velocity were collected and processed in a custom-built excel spreadsheet. The Q-pass index (0–100 score) resulted from the sum of the three factors. Data were collected from 16 young basketball players (age: 16 ± 2 years) with high (experienced) and low (novice) level of expertise. Reliability analyses found the Q-pass index as a reliable tool in both novice (CV from 4.3 to 9.3%) and experienced players (CV from 2.8 to 10.2%). Besides, important differences in the Q-pass index were found between players’ level (p < 0.05), with the experienced showing better scores in all passing situations: behind-the-back (ES = 1.91), bounce (ES = 0.82), between-the-legs (ES = 1.11), crossover (ES = 0.58) and chest (ES = 0.94). According to these findings, the Q-pass index was sensitive enough to identify the differences in passing skills between young players with different levels of expertise, providing a numbering score for each pass executed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Quílez-Maimón
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (A.Q.-M.); (F.J.R.-R.); (G.D.-G.)
| | - Francisco Javier Rojas-Ruiz
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (A.Q.-M.); (F.J.R.-R.); (G.D.-G.)
| | - Gabriel Delgado-García
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (A.Q.-M.); (F.J.R.-R.); (G.D.-G.)
| | - Javier Courel-Ibáñez
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Murcia, 30720 Murcia, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Rösch D, Schultz F, Höner O. Decision-Making Skills in Youth Basketball Players: Diagnostic and External Validation of a Video-Based Assessment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18052331. [PMID: 33673427 PMCID: PMC7967709 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Decision-making is a central skill of basketball players intending to excel individually and contribute to their teams’ success. The assessment of such skills is particularly challenging in complex team sports. To address this challenge, this study aimed to conceptualize a reliable and valid video-based decision-making assessment in youth basketball. The study sample comprised youth basketball players of the German U16 national team (n = 17; MAge = 16.01 ± 0.25 years) and students of a sports class (n = 17; MAge = 15.73 ± 0.35 years). Diagnostic validity was tested by determination of the performance levels according to response accuracy as well as response time in the assessment. External validity was examined by investigation of the correlation between the diagnostic results of the elite athletes and their real game performance data associated with passing skills. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the diagnostic results discriminate between performance levels (χ2(2) = 20.39, p < 0.001, Nagelkerke’s R2 = 0.60). Multiple regression analysis demonstrated a positive relationship between the diagnostic results and assists (F(2,10) = 4.82, p < 0.05; R2 = 0.49) as well as turnovers per game (F(2,10) = 5.23, p < 0.05; R2 = 0.51). However, no relationship was detected regarding the assist-turnover ratio. Further, response time discriminated within the elite athletes’ performance data but not between performance levels while for response accuracy the opposite is the case. The results confirm the diagnostic and external validity of the assessment and indicate its applicability to investigate decision-making skills in youth basketball.
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Vencúrik T, Nykodým J, Bokůvka D, Rupčić T, Knjaz D, Dukarić V, Struhár I. Determinants of Dribbling and Passing Skills in Competitive Games of Women's Basketball. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18031165. [PMID: 33525670 PMCID: PMC7908611 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18031165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This work aimed to identify the influence of selected endogenous (internal load) and exogenous (possession duration, game quarter, and defensive pressure) factors in natural game conditions on the efficiency of dribbling and passing skills. Dribbling and passing skills were assessed during four games of U19 female basketball players and five games of senior (2nd division) female basketball players. In total, 551 dribbling and 914 passing executions were evaluated. Binary logistic regression identified defensive pressure of the opponent as a predictor of dribbling and passing skills effectivity. When the defensive pressure of the opponent was medium, the chances for the ineffective pass were 1.997 times more likely (95% CI; 1.179-3.383), as it is at the minimum defensive pressure. When the defensive pressure of the opponent was high, the chances for ineffective dribbling were 7.45 times more likely (95% CI; 3.672-15.113) and for ineffective pass were 8.419 times more likely (95% CI; 4.6-15.409), as it is at minimum defensive pressure. The game quarter and the internal load were not identified as the predictors influencing the dribbling and passing effectivity. Possession duration was also an insignificant predictor of dribbling and passing skills effectivity. However, the passing skill effectivity decreases when the shot clock is winding down. These findings confirm the importance of transferring game situations into the training process. Coaches should take into account these factors when they want to stimulate determinants of player performance in a balanced and systematic way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Vencúrik
- Department of Sports, Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.N.); (D.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Jiří Nykodým
- Department of Sports, Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.N.); (D.B.)
| | - Dominik Bokůvka
- Department of Sports, Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.N.); (D.B.)
| | - Tomislav Rupčić
- Laboratory for Sports Games, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (T.R.); (D.K.); (V.D.)
| | - Damir Knjaz
- Laboratory for Sports Games, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (T.R.); (D.K.); (V.D.)
| | - Vedran Dukarić
- Laboratory for Sports Games, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (T.R.); (D.K.); (V.D.)
| | - Ivan Struhár
- Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic;
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Predicting field-goal success according to offensive, defensive and contextual variables in elite men's wheelchair basketball. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0244257. [PMID: 33411713 PMCID: PMC7790280 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The purposes of this study were to (i) develop a field-goal shooting performance analysis template and (ii) explore the impact of each identified variable upon the likely outcome of a field-goal attempt using binary logistic regression modelling in elite men’s wheelchair basketball. First, a field-goal shooting performance analysis template was developed that included 71 Action Variables (AV) grouped within 22 Categorical Predictor Variables (CPV) representing offensive, defensive and game context variables. Second, footage of all 5,105 field-goal attempts from 12 teams during the men’s 2016 Rio De Janeiro Paralympic Games wheelchair basketball competition were analysed using the template. Pearson’s chi-square analyses found that 18 of the CPV were significantly associated with field-goal attempt outcome (p < 0.05), with seven of them reaching moderate association (Cramer’s V: 0.1–0.3). Third, using 70% of the dataset (3,574 field-goal attempts), binary logistic regression analyses identified that five offensive variables (classification category of the player, the action leading up to the field-goal attempt, the time left on the clock, the location of the shot, and the movement of the player), two defensive variables (the pressure being exerted by the defence, and the number of defenders within a 1-meter radius) and 1 context variable (the finishing position of the team in the competition) affected the probability of a successful field-goal attempt. The quality of the developed model was determined acceptable (greater than 65%), producing an area under the curve value of 68.5% when the model was run against the remaining 30% of the dataset (1,531 field-goal attempts). The development of the model from such a large sample of objective data is unique. As such it offers robust empirical evidence to enable coaches, performance analysts and players to move beyond anecdote, in order to appreciate the potential effect of various and varying offensive, defensive and contextual variables on field-goal success.
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11
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Chiu YK, Pan CY, Chen FC, Tseng YT, Tsai CL. Behavioral and Cognitive Electrophysiological Differences in the Executive Functions of Taiwanese Basketball Players as a Function of Playing Position. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10060387. [PMID: 32575360 PMCID: PMC7349797 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10060387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of the predominant playing position of elite basketball players on executive functions using both behavioral and electrophysiological measurements was investigated in the present study. Forty-six elite basketball players, including 27 guards and 19 forwards, were recruited. Event-related potential (ERP) signals were simultaneously recorded when the athletes performed the visual Go/NoGo task. Analyses of the results revealed that the guards and forwards groups exhibited comparable behavioral (i.e., reaction time (RTs) and accuracy rates (ARs)) performance. With regards to the electrophysiological indices, the guards relative to the forwards exhibited a shorter N2 latency in the Go condition, a longer N2 latency in the NoGo condition, and a smaller P3 amplitude across the two conditions. These results suggested that although the guards and forwards exhibited similar abilities in terms of behavioral inhibition, different neural processing efficiencies still exist in the basketball playing positions, with guards showing divergent efficiencies in the target evaluation and response selection of the target and non-target stimuli and fewer cognitive resources during premotor preparation and decision-making as compared to the forwards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Kang Chiu
- Institute of Physical Education, Health and Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan;
| | - Chien-Yu Pan
- Department of Physical Education, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaoshiung 802, Taiwan; (C.-Y.P.); (F.-C.C.)
| | - Fu-Chen Chen
- Department of Physical Education, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaoshiung 802, Taiwan; (C.-Y.P.); (F.-C.C.)
| | - Yu-Ting Tseng
- Department of Physical Education, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan;
- Research Center for Education and Mind Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Liang Tsai
- Institute of Physical Education, Health and Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-933-306-059 or +886-6275-7575 (ext. 81809); Fax: +886-6276-6427
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Gryko K, Mikołajec K, Marszałek J, Adamczyk JG, Molik B, Waśkiewicz Z, Nikolaidis P, Knechtle B. How did basketball teams win EuroBasket 2015? A non-standard analysis of performance based on passes, dribbling and turnovers. INT J PERF ANAL SPOR 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/24748668.2020.1749013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karol Gryko
- Department of Individual and Team Sports, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kazimierz Mikołajec
- Department of Basketball, Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland
| | - Jolanta Marszałek
- Department of Rehabilitation, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Grzegorz Adamczyk
- Department of Sports Theory, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartosz Molik
- Department of Rehabilitation, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Waśkiewicz
- Institute of Sport Science, Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Department of Sports Medicine and Medical Rehabilitation Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Beat Knechtle
- Medbase St. Gallen Am Vadianplatz, St. Gallen, Switzerland
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