1
|
Köroğlu Z, Kizir D, Karaman M, Demir Y, Türkeş C, Beydemir Ş. Protective effects of esculetin against doxorubicin-induced toxicity correlated with oxidative stress in rat liver: In vivo and in silico studies. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23702. [PMID: 38567888 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is widely used in cancer treatment but the dose-related toxicity of DOX on organs including the liver limit its use. Therefore, there is great interest in combining DOX with natural compounds with antioxidant properties to reduce toxicity and increase drug efficacy. Esculetin is a natural coumarin derivative with biological properties encompassing anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. In light of these properties, this study was meticulously crafted to investigate the potential of esculetin in preventing doxorubicin (DOX)-induced hepatotoxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were divided into a total of six groups: control group, DOX group (administered DOX at a cumulative dose of 5 mg/kg intraperitoneally every other day for 2 weeks), E50 group (administered 50 mg/kg of esculetin intraperitoneally every day), E100 group (administered 100 mg/kg of esculetin intraperitoneally every day) and combined groups (DOX + E50 and DOX + E100) in which esculetin was administered together with DOX. The treatments, both with DOX alone and in combination with E50, manifested a reduction in catalase (CAT mRNA) levels in comparison to the control group. Notably, the enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), CAT, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) witnessed significant decreases in the liver of rats treated with DOX. Moreover, DOX treatment induced a statistically significant elevation in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, coupled with a concurrent decrease in glutathione (GSH) levels. Additionally, molecular docking studies were conducted. However, further studies are needed to confirm the hepatoprotective properties of esculetin and to precisely elucidate its mechanisms of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Köroğlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Duygu Kizir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Melike Karaman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Yeliz Demir
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Nihat Delibalta Göle Vocational High School, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Türkiye
| | - Cüneyt Türkeş
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Türkiye
| | - Şükrü Beydemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
- Rectorate, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Bilecik, Türkiye
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abd El-Karim SS, Anwar MM, Ahmed NS, Syam YM, Elseginy SA, Aly HF, Younis EA, Khalil WKB, Ahmed KA, Mohammed FF, Rizk M. Discovery of novel benzofuran-based derivatives as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: Design, synthesis, biological evaluation, molecular docking and 3D-QSAR investigation. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 260:115766. [PMID: 37678141 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel benzofuran-based compounds 7a-s were designed, synthesized, and investigated in vitro as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs). Compounds 7c and 7e displayed promising inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 0.058 and 0.086 μM in comparison to donepezil with an IC50 value of 0.049 μM. The new molecules' antioxidant evaluation revealed that 7c, 7e, 7j, 7n, and 7q produced the strongest DPPH scavenging activity when compared to vitamin C. As it was the most promising AChEI, compound 7c was selected for further biological evaluation. Acute and chronic toxicity studies exhibited that 7c showed no signs of toxicity or adverse events, no significant differences in the blood profile, and an insignificant difference in hepatic enzymes, glucose, urea, creatinine, and albumin levels in the experimental rat group. Furthermore, 7c did not produce histopathological damage to normal liver, kidney, heart, and brain tissues, ameliorated tissue malonaldehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels and reduced the expression levels of the APP and Tau genes in AD rats. Molecular docking results of compounds 7c and 7e showed good binding modes in the active site of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme, which are similar to the native ligand donepezil. 3D-QSAR analysis revealed the importance of the alkyl group in positions 2 and 3 of the phenyl moiety for the activity. Overall, these findings suggested that compound 7c could be deemed a promising candidate for the management of Alzheimer's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Somaia S Abd El-Karim
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, National Research Centre, P.O. Box 12262 El-Bohouth St, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Manal M Anwar
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, National Research Centre, P.O. Box 12262 El-Bohouth St, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Nesreen S Ahmed
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, National Research Centre, P.O. Box 12262 El-Bohouth St, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasmin M Syam
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, National Research Centre, P.O. Box 12262 El-Bohouth St, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samia A Elseginy
- Green Chemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, P. O. Box 12622, El-Bohouth St, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanan F Aly
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, National Research Centre, P.O. Box 12262 El-Bohouth St, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman A Younis
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, National Research Centre, P.O. Box 12262 El-Bohouth St, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wagdy K B Khalil
- Department of Cell Biology, National Research Centre, P.O. Box 12262 El-Bohouth St, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Kawkab A Ahmed
- Pathology Departments, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Faten F Mohammed
- Pathology Departments, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Maha Rizk
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, National Research Centre, P.O. Box 12262 El-Bohouth St, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang R, Huang Y, Yu L, Li S, Li J, Han B, Zheng X, Zhang Z. The role of mitochondrial dynamics imbalance in hexavalent chromium-induced apoptosis and autophagy in rat testis. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 374:110424. [PMID: 36849043 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant that can cause reproductive toxicity. However, the exact mechanism of Cr(VI)-induced testis toxicity remains largely elusive. This study aims to explore the possible molecular mechanism of Cr(VI)-provoked testicular toxicity. Male Wistar rats were intraperitoneally injected with 0, 2, 4, or 6 mg/kg body weight/day of potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7), respectively, for 5 weeks. The results revealed that Cr(VI)-treated rat testis presented varying degrees of damage in a dose-dependent manner. Concretely, Cr(VI) administration suppressed Sirtuin 1/Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α pathway and led to mitochondrial dynamics disorder, along with the elevation of mitochondrial division and the repression of mitochondrial fusion. Meanwhile, the downstream effector of Sirt1, nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), was downregulated, and correspondingly exacerbated oxidative stress. Mitochondrial dynamics disorder and Nrf2 inhibition collectively contribute to abnormal mitochondrial dynamics in testis, which further promotes apoptosis and autophagy, evidenced by dose-dependently increasing the protein levels and gene expressions of apoptosis-related (including Bcl-2-associated X protein, cytochrome c, and cleaved-caspase 3) and autophagy-related (Beclin-1, ATG4B, and ATG5). Collectively, our results demonstrate that Cr(VI) exposure induced testis apoptosis and autophagy by disrupting the balance of mitochondrial dynamics and the oxidation-reduction process in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruonan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yuxiang Huang
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar, 161000, China
| | - Lu Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Siyu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Biqi Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li D, Sun D, Zhu Y. Expression of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2, broad complex-tramtrack-bric a brac and Cap'n'collar homology 1 and γ-glutamic acid cysteine synthase in peripheral blood of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its clinical significance. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:516. [PMID: 33815589 PMCID: PMC8014872 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to explore the relationship between nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/BTB-CNC allogeneic 1 (Bach1)/γ-glutamic acid cysteine synthase (γ-GCS) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The expression of Nrf2, Bach1, γ-GCS mRNA and protein in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 80 COPD patients and 40 healthy volunteers were studied. Then, the correlation between Nrf2, Bach1, γ-GCS and lung function, inflammation and oxidative stress indicators was analyzed. Compared with healthy controls, Nrf2, Bach1 mRNA and protein levels were significantly increased in the PBMCs of COPD patients, while γ-GCS mRNA and protein levels were significantly decreased. Nrf2 and Bach1 protein levels in the nucleus were significantly elevated in acute exacerbation COPD patients compared with patients with a stable stage of COPD, while γ-GCS mRNA levels were significantly reduced. In addition, it was found that Nrf2 nuclear protein levels were significantly reduced in COPD patients compared with the control group, while Bach1 nuclear protein levels were significantly increased. Correlation analysis in COPD group demonstrated that γ-GCS mRNA was positively correlated with Nrf2 nuclear protein level, but negatively correlated with Bach1 nuclear protein level. Further analysis demonstrated that γ-GCS mRNA and Nrf2 protein in the nucleus was positively correlated with forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC)% and FEV1% predicted, and Bach1 protein in the nucleus was negatively correlated with FEV1/FVC% and FEV1% predicted. Additionally, the expression levels of Nrf2, Bach1 and γ-GCS were also associated with smoking. The expression of Nrf2, Bach1 and γ-GCS in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with COPD was dysregulated and related to lung function, which provides a new basis for exploring further the pathogenesis of COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongrong Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Ding Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Yehan Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|