Sustainable Urban Landscape Management: An Insight Into Urban Green Space Management Practices in Three Different Countries

Design of the 3D Digital Reconstruction System of an Urban Landscape Spatial Pattern Based on the Internet of Things

Given the rapid development of modern science and technology, people are no longer satisfied with the planar composition and two-dimensional (2D) composition. Moreover, digitalization has entered the spatial layout of urban landscapes. The three-dimensional (3D) digital reconstruction technology can obtain the 3D effect map of urban garden landscapes, thereby improving the scientificity and timeliness of garden design. It is an important research direction in the field of computer vision. It transforms two or more planar graphics into visible 3D geometric graphics. It also restores their spatial coordinates and color information. The appearance of 3D digital reconstruction technology provides real-time and efficient information for landscape design, cost, and construction; improves the efficiency of landscape construction; and saves construction costs.

The governance and management of green spaces in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Despite the increase in the depletion of green spaces, studies on the governance of green space management are limited in rapidly urbanizing African cities, this study examines the application of urban park management models, governance principles, and identifies barriers related to governance processes in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Qualitative and quantitative research methods were employed to obtain and analyze data. In general, the study has identified poor park governance practices. However, there is a tendency towards the application of governance by local communities using the User-Centered Model whereby community green spaces are managed by urban communities. The findings suggest the need to focus on a long-term design that encompasses additional recreational areas and to establish integrated green space management. Adapting the strategic park management and park-organization-user model that incorporates three governance levels is also important. This research contributes to the emerging literature on the governance of the management models used for parks, protected areas, and community green spaces. The analysis of park management models and governance principles presented may be useful for the sustainable long-term management of green spaces in urbanizing African cities.

Mapping Kabul’s Private Urban Green Spaces Using Geographic Information System-Supervised Classification

Private green spaces are considered an important part of urban greenery. However, the extent of private green spaces in an informal city like Kabul is unknown. To this end, this study has mapped out the private green spaces in the informal settlements of Kabul city. A Geographic Information System (GIS)-supervised image classification technique was used to identify these private green spaces in three of the 22 police districts (PDs) in the city. Briefly, the classification consisted of defining training samples, extraction of signature and classification of the imagery. As a result, 330.3 hectares were identified as private green spaces, which made up 12.3 % of the total area of informal settlements in these three districts. With 217.1 hectares, PD7 had the largest area of private green spaces among the three police districts, contributing to 65.7 % of the overall area of private green spaces, followed by PD8 (21.3 %) and PD16 (13 %). In future, the map generated in this study could be used to monitor, manage and conserve the existing urban greenery in the face of private green spaces. The results could also be utilised by the Kabul Municipality and other relevant departments to implement an upgrading programme in the informal settlements of Kabul city, which would lead to fulfilling the environmental needs of the residents.