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Nakken S, Lilleby W, Switlyk MD, Knudsen KE, Lilleby O, Zhao S, Kaveh F, Ekstrøm PO, Urbanucci A, Hovig E. The Quandary of DNA-Based Treatment Assessment in De Novo Metastatic Prostate Cancer in the Era of Precision Oncology. J Pers Med 2021; 11:330. [PMID: 33922147 PMCID: PMC8143497 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11050330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Guidelines for genetic testing have been established for multiple tumor types, frequently indicating the most confident molecularly targeted treatment options. However, considering the often-complex presentation of individual cancer patients, in addition to the combinatorial complexity and inherent uncertainties of molecular findings, deriving optimal treatment strategies frequently becomes very challenging. Here, we report a comprehensive analysis of a 68-year-old male with metastatic prostate cancer, encompassing pathology and MRI findings, transcriptomic results, and key genomics findings from whole-exome sequencing, both somatic aberrations and germline variants. We identify multiple somatic aberrations that are known to be enriched in prostate cancer, including a deletion of PTEN and a fusion transcript involving BRCA2. The gene expression patterns in the tumor biopsy were also strikingly similar to prostate tumor samples from TCGA. Furthermore, we detected multiple lines of evidence for homologous recombination repair deficiency (HRD), including a dominant contribution by mutational signature SBS3, which is specifically attributed to HRD. On the basis of the genomic and transcriptomic findings, and in light of the clinical case presentation, we discussed the personalized treatment options that exist for this patient and the various challenges that one faces in the process of translating high-throughput sequencing data towards treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigve Nakken
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radium Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway; (S.N.); (S.Z.); (F.K.); (P.O.E.); (A.U.)
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Wolfgang Lilleby
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital-Radium Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Marta D. Switlyk
- Department of Radiology, Oslo University Hospital-Radium Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Karen E. Knudsen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA;
| | - Oscar Lilleby
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark;
| | - Sen Zhao
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radium Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway; (S.N.); (S.Z.); (F.K.); (P.O.E.); (A.U.)
| | - Fatemeh Kaveh
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radium Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway; (S.N.); (S.Z.); (F.K.); (P.O.E.); (A.U.)
| | - Per O. Ekstrøm
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radium Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway; (S.N.); (S.Z.); (F.K.); (P.O.E.); (A.U.)
| | - Alfonso Urbanucci
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radium Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway; (S.N.); (S.Z.); (F.K.); (P.O.E.); (A.U.)
| | - Eivind Hovig
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radium Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway; (S.N.); (S.Z.); (F.K.); (P.O.E.); (A.U.)
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway
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Álvarez-Carrión L, Gutiérrez-Rojas I, Rodríguez-Ramos MR, Ardura JA, Alonso V. MINDIN Exerts Protumorigenic Actions on Primary Prostate Tumors via Downregulation of the Scaffold Protein NHERF-1. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:436. [PMID: 33498862 PMCID: PMC7865820 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced prostate cancer preferential metastasis to bone is associated with osteomimicry. MINDIN is a secreted matrix protein upregulated in prostate tumors that overexpresses bone-related genes during prostate cancer progression. Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factor (NHERF-1) is a scaffold protein that has been involved both in tumor regulation and osteogenesis. We hypothesize that NHERF-1 modulation is a mechanism used by MINDIN to promote prostate cancer progression. We analyzed the expression of NHERF-1 and MINDIN in human prostate samples and in a premetastatic prostate cancer mouse model, based on the implantation of prostate adenocarcinoma TRAMP-C1 (transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate) cells in immunocompetent C57BL/6 mice. The relationship between NHERF-1 and MINDIN and their effects on cell proliferation, migration, survival and osteomimicry were evaluated. Upregulation of MINDIN and downregulation of NHERF-1 expression were observed both in human prostate cancer samples and in the TRAMP-C1 model. MINDIN silencing restored NHERF-1 expression to control levels in the mouse model. Stimulation with MINDIN reduced NHERF-1 expression and triggered its mobilization from the plasma membrane to the cytoplasm in TRAMP-C1 cells. MINDIN-dependent downregulation of NHERF-1 promoted tumor cell migration and proliferation without affecting osteomimicry and adhesion. We propose that MINDIN downregulates NHERF-1 expression leading to promotion of processes involved in prostate cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Álvarez-Carrión
- Bone Physiopathology Laboratory, Applied Molecular Medicine Institute (IMMA), Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Campus Monteprincipe, 28925 Alcorcón, Spain; (L.Á.-C.); (I.G.-R.); (M.R.R.-R.)
| | - Irene Gutiérrez-Rojas
- Bone Physiopathology Laboratory, Applied Molecular Medicine Institute (IMMA), Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Campus Monteprincipe, 28925 Alcorcón, Spain; (L.Á.-C.); (I.G.-R.); (M.R.R.-R.)
| | - María Rosario Rodríguez-Ramos
- Bone Physiopathology Laboratory, Applied Molecular Medicine Institute (IMMA), Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Campus Monteprincipe, 28925 Alcorcón, Spain; (L.Á.-C.); (I.G.-R.); (M.R.R.-R.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Campus Monteprincipe, 28925 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Juan A. Ardura
- Bone Physiopathology Laboratory, Applied Molecular Medicine Institute (IMMA), Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Campus Monteprincipe, 28925 Alcorcón, Spain; (L.Á.-C.); (I.G.-R.); (M.R.R.-R.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Campus Monteprincipe, 28925 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Verónica Alonso
- Bone Physiopathology Laboratory, Applied Molecular Medicine Institute (IMMA), Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Campus Monteprincipe, 28925 Alcorcón, Spain; (L.Á.-C.); (I.G.-R.); (M.R.R.-R.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Campus Monteprincipe, 28925 Alcorcón, Spain
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