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Islam SI, Mou MJ, Sanjida S. Application of reverse vaccinology to design a multi-epitope subunit vaccine against a new strain of Aeromonas veronii. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2022; 20:118. [PMID: 35939149 PMCID: PMC9358925 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-022-00391-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Aeromonas veronii is one of the most common pathogens of freshwater fishes that cause sepsis and ulcers. There are increasing numbers of cases showing that it is a significant zoonotic and aquatic agent. Epidemiological studies have shown that A. veronii virulence and drug tolerance have both increased over the last few years as a result of epidemiological investigations. Cadaverine reverse transporter (CadB) and maltoporin (LamB protein) contribute to the virulence of A. veronii TH0426. TH0426 strain is currently showing severe cases on fish species, and its resistance against therapeutic has been increasing. Despite these devastating complications, there is still no effective cure or vaccine for this strain of A.veronii. Results In this regard, an immunoinformatic method was used to generate an epitope-based vaccine against this pathogen. The immunodominant epitopes were identified using the CadB and LamB protein of A. veronii. The final constructed vaccine sequence was developed to be immunogenic, non-allergenic as well as have better solubility. Molecular dynamic simulation revealed significant binding stability and structural compactness. Finally, using Escherichia coli K12 as a model, codon optimization yielded ideal GC content and a higher CAI value, which was then included in the cloning vector pET2+ (a). Conclusion Altogether, our outcomes imply that the proposed peptide vaccine might be a good option for A. veronii TH0426 prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sk Injamamul Islam
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Bioscience, Faculty of Biological Science, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh. .,Center of Excellence in Fish Infectious Diseases (CE FID), Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. .,The International Graduate Program of Veterinary Science and Technology (VST), Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Technology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Moslema Jahan Mou
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Earth Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Saloa Sanjida
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
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Alesci A, Capillo G, Fumia A, Messina E, Albano M, Aragona M, Lo Cascio P, Spanò N, Pergolizzi S, Lauriano ER. Confocal Characterization of Intestinal Dendritic Cells from Myxines to Teleosts. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11071045. [PMID: 36101424 PMCID: PMC9312193 DOI: 10.3390/biology11071045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that regulate the beginning of adaptive immune responses. The mechanisms of tolerance to antigens moving through the digestive tract are known to be regulated by intestinal DCs. Agnatha and Gnathostoma are descendants of a common ancestor. The Ostracoderms gave rise to Cyclostomes, whereas the Placoderms gave rise to Chondrichthyes. Sarcopterygii and Actinopterygii are two evolutionary lines of bony fishes. Brachiopterygii and Neopterygii descend from the Actinopterygii. From Neopterygii, Holostei and Teleostei evolved. Using immunohistochemistry with TLR-2, Langerin/CD207, and MHC II, this study aimed to characterize intestinal DCs, from myxines to teleosts. The findings reveal that DCs are positive for the antibodies tested, highlighting the presence of DCs and DC-like cells phylogenetically from myxines, for the first time, to teleosts. These findings may aid in improving the level of knowledge about the immune system’s evolution and these sentinel cells, which are crucial to the body’s defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Alesci
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (E.M.); (M.A.); (P.L.C.); (S.P.); (E.R.L.)
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (G.C.)
| | - Gioele Capillo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
- Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology, National Research Council (IRBIM, CNR), 98164 Messina, Italy;
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (G.C.)
| | - Angelo Fumia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Padiglione C, A. O. U. Policlinico “G. Martino”, 98124 Messina, Italy;
| | - Emmanuele Messina
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (E.M.); (M.A.); (P.L.C.); (S.P.); (E.R.L.)
| | - Marco Albano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (E.M.); (M.A.); (P.L.C.); (S.P.); (E.R.L.)
| | - Marialuisa Aragona
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
| | - Patrizia Lo Cascio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (E.M.); (M.A.); (P.L.C.); (S.P.); (E.R.L.)
| | - Nunziacarla Spanò
- Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology, National Research Council (IRBIM, CNR), 98164 Messina, Italy;
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Simona Pergolizzi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (E.M.); (M.A.); (P.L.C.); (S.P.); (E.R.L.)
| | - Eugenia Rita Lauriano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (E.M.); (M.A.); (P.L.C.); (S.P.); (E.R.L.)
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Use of Integrated Core Proteomics, Immuno-Informatics, and In Silico Approaches to Design a Multiepitope Vaccine against Zoonotic Pathogen Edwardsiella tarda. Appl Microbiol 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/applmicrobiol2020031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant Edwardsiella tarda has been reported as the main causative agent for massive fish mortality. The pathogen is well-known for causing hemorrhagic septicemia in fish and has been linked to gastrointestinal infections in humans. Formalin-inactivated Edwardsiella vaccination has previously been found to be ineffective in aquaculture species. Therefore, based on E. tarda’s integrated core complete sequenced genomes, the study aimed to design a subunit vaccine based on T and B cell epitopes employing immunoinformatics approach. Initially, the top immunodominant and antigenic epitopes were predicted from the core complete sequenced genomes of the E. tarda genome and designed the vaccine by using linkers and adjuvant. In addition, vaccine 3D structure was predicted followed by refinement, and molecular docking was performed for the analysis of interacting residues between vaccines with TLR5, MHC-I, and MHC-II, respectively. The final vaccine constructs demonstrated strong hydrogen bond interactions. Molecular dynamic simulation of vaccine-TLR5 receptor complex showed a stable structural binding and compactness. Furthermore, E. coli used as a model organism for codon optimization proved optimal GC content and CAI value, which were subsequently cloned in vector pET2+ (a). Overall, the findings of the study imply that the designed epitope vaccine might be a good option for prophylaxis for E. tarda.
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Islam SI, Mou MJ, Sanjida S, Tariq M, Nasir S, Mahfuj S. Designing a novel mRNA vaccine against Vibrio harveyi infection in fish: an immunoinformatics approach. Genomics Inform 2022; 20:e11. [PMID: 35399010 PMCID: PMC9002004 DOI: 10.5808/gi.21065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio harveyi belongs to the family Vibrionaceae of class Gammaproteobacteria. Around 12 Vibrio species can cause gastroenteritis (gastrointestinal illness) in humans. A large number of bacterial particles can be found in the infected cells, which may cause death. Despite these devastating complications, there is still no cure or vaccine for the bacteria. As a result, we used an immunoinformatics approach to develop a multi-epitope vaccine against the most pathogenic hemolysin gene of V. harveyi. The immunodominant T- and B-cell epitopes were identified using the hemolysin protein. We developed a vaccine employing three possible epitopes: cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, helper T-lymphocytes, and linear B-lymphocyte epitopes, after thorough testing. The vaccine was developed to be antigenic, immunogenic, and non-allergenic, as well as have a better solubility. Molecular dynamics simulation revealed significant structural stiffness and binding stability. In addition, the immunological simulation generated by computers revealed that the vaccination might elicit immune reactions Escherichia coli K12 as a model, codon optimization yielded ideal GC content and a higher codon adaptation index value, which was then included in the cloning vector pET2+ (a). Altogether, our experiment implies that the proposed peptide vaccine might be a good option for vibriosis prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sk Injamamul Islam
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Bioscience, Faculty of Biological Science, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh.,Chulalongkorn University, Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Technology, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Moslema Jahan Mou
- Department of Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, Faculty of Earth and Life Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Saloa Sanjida
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Tariq
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18800, Pakistan
| | - Saad Nasir
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Sarower Mahfuj
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Bioscience, Faculty of Biological Science, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
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Stosik M, Tokarz-Deptuła B, Deptuła W. Immunological memory in teleost fish. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 115:95-103. [PMID: 34058353 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Immunological memory can be regarded as the key aspect of adaptive immunity, i.e. a specific response to first contact with an antigen, which in mammals is determined by the properties of T, B and NK cells. Re-exposure to the same antigen results in a more rapid response of the activated specific cells, which have a unique property that is the immunological memory acquired upon first contact with the antigen. Such a state of immune activity is also to be understood as related to "altered behavior of the immune system" due to genetic alterations, presumably maintained independently of the antigen. It also indicates a possible alternative mechanism of maintaining the immune state at a low level of the immune response, "directed" by an antigen or dependent on an antigen, associated with repeated exposure to the same antigen from time to time, as well as the concept of innate immune memory, associated with epigenetic reprogramming of myeloid cells, i.e. macrophages and NK cells. Studies on Teleostei have provided evidence for the presence of immunological memory determined by T and B cells and a secondary response stronger than the primary response. Research has also demonstrated that in these animals macrophages and NK-like cells (similar to mammalian NK cells) are able to respond when re-exposed to the same antigen. Regardless of previous reports on immunological memory in teleost fish, many reactions and mechanisms related to this ability require further investigation. The very nature of immunological memory and the activity of cells involved in this process, in particular macrophages and NK-like cells, need to be explained. This paper presents problems associated with adaptive and innate immune memory in teleost fish and characteristics of cells associated with this ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Stosik
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Gora, Poland
| | | | - Wiesław Deptuła
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
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Survival of metazoan parasites in fish: Putting into context the protective immune responses of teleost fish. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2021; 112:77-132. [PMID: 34024360 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Defence mechanisms of fish can be divided into specific and non-specific that act in concert and are often interdependent. Most fish in both wild and cultured populations are vulnerable to metazoan parasites. Endoparasitic helminths include several species of digeneans, cestodes, nematodes, and acanthocephalans. Although they may occur in large numbers, helminth infections rarely result in fish mortality. Conversely, some ectoparasites cause mass mortality in farmed fish. Given the importance of fish innate immunity, this review addresses non-specific defence mechanisms of fish against metazoan parasites, with emphasis on granulocyte responses involving mast cells, neutrophils, macrophages, rodlet cells, and mucous cells. Metazoan parasites are important disease agents that affect wild and farmed fish and can induce high economic loss and, as pathogen organisms, deserve considerable attention. The paper will provide our light and transmission electron microscopy data on metazoan parasites-fish innate immune and neuroendocrine systems. Insights about the structure and functions of the cell types listed above and a brief account of the effects and harms of each metazoan taxon to specific fish apparati/organs will be presented.
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