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Kumar H, Bhardwaj K, Kaur T, Nepovimova E, Kuča K, Kumar V, Bhatia SK, Dhanjal DS, Chopra C, Singh R, Guleria S, Bhalla TC, Verma R, Kumar D. Detection of Bacterial Pathogens and Antibiotic Residues in Chicken Meat: A Review. Foods 2020; 9:E1504. [PMID: 33092226 PMCID: PMC7588929 DOI: 10.3390/foods9101504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Detection of pathogenic microbes as well as antibiotic residues in food animals, especially in chicken, has become a matter of food security worldwide. The association of various pathogenic bacteria in different diseases and selective pressure induced by accumulated antibiotic residue to develop antibiotic resistance is also emerging as the threat to human health. These challenges have made the containment of pathogenic bacteria and early detection of antibiotic residue highly crucial for robust and precise detection. However, the traditional culture-based approaches are well-comprehended for identifying microbes. Nevertheless, because they are inadequate, time-consuming and laborious, these conventional methods are not predominantly used. Therefore, it has become essential to explore alternatives for the easy and robust detection of pathogenic microbes and antibiotic residue in the food source. Presently, different monitoring, as well as detection techniques like PCR-based, assay (nucleic acid)-based, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA)-based, aptamer-based, biosensor-based, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry-based and electronic nose-based methods, have been developed for detecting the presence of bacterial contaminants and antibiotic residues. The current review intends to summarize the different techniques and underline the potential of every method used for the detection of bacterial pathogens and antibiotic residue in chicken meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Kumar
- School of Bioengineering & Food Technology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and ManagementSciences, Solan 173229, India;
| | - Kanchan Bhardwaj
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and ManagementSciences, Solan 173229, India; (K.B.); (R.V.)
| | - Talwinder Kaur
- Department of Agriculture, Sri Guru Teg Bahadur Khalsa College, Sri Anandpur Sahib, Punjab 140117, India;
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove,50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Kamil Kuča
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove,50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Vinod Kumar
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK;
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
| | - Daljeet Singh Dhanjal
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India; (D.S.D.); (C.C.); (R.S.)
| | - Chirag Chopra
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India; (D.S.D.); (C.C.); (R.S.)
| | - Reena Singh
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India; (D.S.D.); (C.C.); (R.S.)
| | - Shivani Guleria
- Department of Biotechnology, TIFAC-Centre of Relevance and Excellence in Agro and Industrial Biotechnology (CORE), Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147001, India;
| | - Tek Chand Bhalla
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla 171005, India;
| | - Rachna Verma
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and ManagementSciences, Solan 173229, India; (K.B.); (R.V.)
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- School of Bioengineering & Food Technology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and ManagementSciences, Solan 173229, India;
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Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a mammalian commensal and opportunistic pathogen that colonizes niches such as skin, nares and diverse mucosal membranes of about 20-30% of the human population. S. aureus can cause a wide spectrum of diseases in humans and both methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant strains are common causes of nosocomial- and community-acquired infections. Despite the prevalence of literature characterising staphylococcal pathogenesis in humans, S. aureus is a major cause of infection and disease in a plethora of animal hosts leading to a significant impact on public health and agriculture. Infections in animals are deleterious to animal health, and animals can act as a reservoir for staphylococcal transmission to humans.Host-switching events between humans and animals and amongst animals are frequent and have been accentuated with the domestication and/or commercialisation of specific animal species. Host-switching is typically followed by subsequent adaptation through acquisition and/or loss of mobile genetic elements such as phages, pathogenicity islands and plasmids as well as further host-specific mutations allowing it to expand into new host populations.In this chapter, we will be giving an overview of S. aureus in animals, how this bacterial species was, and is, being transferred to new host species and the key elements thought to be involved in its adaptation to new ecological host niches. We will also highlight animal hosts as a reservoir for the development and transfer of antimicrobial resistance determinants.
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Marek A, Pyzik E, Stępień-Pyśniak D, Urban-Chmiel R, Nowaczek A. Characterization of bacteriophages and their carriage in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from broilers in Poland. Br Poult Sci 2018; 60:373-380. [PMID: 29320875 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2018.1426831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
1. The objective of this study was the isolation and morphological characterization of temperate bacteriophages induced from Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from clinical samples from broiler chickens and turkeys. 2. Eighty-five S. aureus strains were tested for susceptibility to oxacillin in order to determine which were methicillin resistant (MRSA). A total of 24 strains showed resistance to methicillin. 3. Thirty-one bacteriophages that were lytic against S. aureus strains were isolated and the host range of the bacteriophages was evaluated. Based on the presence of a specific nucleotide sequence, molecular identification of bacteriophages was performed and the presence of genes responsible for the production of classical enterotoxins (A-E) was also analysed. 4. All the isolated bacteriophages had an icosahedral head and a long, thin, non-contractile flexible tail, characteristic of the family Siphoviridae of the order Caudovirales. Based on multiplex PCR results, the phages were found to belong to serogroups A, B and F (Fa, Fb subgroup), which include mostly temperate phages infecting S. aureus. 5. The titre of the phages ranged from 10-4 to 10-9 PFU/ml. The bacteriophages exhibited strong lytic properties against some of the strains of Staphylococcus. The broadest spectrum of activity against the strains was observed in the case of phages sa2, sa3, sa6, sa12, sa15 and sa21. 6. The PCR results showed that of the 31 bacteriophage DNA samples, 4 (12.9%) appeared to have enterotoxigenic genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Marek
- a Sub-Department of Preventive Veterinary and Avian Diseases, Institute of Biological Bases of Animal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , University of Life Sciences in Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - E Pyzik
- a Sub-Department of Preventive Veterinary and Avian Diseases, Institute of Biological Bases of Animal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , University of Life Sciences in Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - D Stępień-Pyśniak
- a Sub-Department of Preventive Veterinary and Avian Diseases, Institute of Biological Bases of Animal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , University of Life Sciences in Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - R Urban-Chmiel
- a Sub-Department of Preventive Veterinary and Avian Diseases, Institute of Biological Bases of Animal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , University of Life Sciences in Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - A Nowaczek
- a Sub-Department of Preventive Veterinary and Avian Diseases, Institute of Biological Bases of Animal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , University of Life Sciences in Lublin , Lublin , Poland
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Yahaghi E, Imani Fooladi AA, Amin M, Mirnejad R, Nezamzade R, Amani J. Detection of Class I Integrons in Staphyloacoccus aurous Isolated From Clinical Samples. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2014; 16:e16234. [PMID: 25763211 PMCID: PMC4329933 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.16234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2013] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Staphylococcus aurous is a major pathogen, causing variety of diseases and death in Iran and in the world. Despite the use of a spectrum of new antibiotics, this organism has caused severe infections in burns as well as in different parts of the body, due to acquired drug resistance. Widespread inappropriate use of antibiotics in treating bacterial infections has led to the selection and circulation of resistant strains and the growing risk of transferring resistant genes to sensitive bacteria. One of the causes of antibiotic resistance in S. aurous strains is the gain of resistance genes including integrase and qac/sul1. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of class 1 integron in S. aurous strains isolated from clinical samples for the first time in Iran. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was performed on 200 strains of S. aurous isolated from patients admitted to Baqiyatallah Hospital in Tehran in 2013. These strains were confirmed using biochemical and serological tests and the presence of class 1 integron was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Among the 200 samples, 1% of the strains (two isolates) contained the class 1 integron gene. The results of this study showed that the highest frequency of the obtained samples belonged to males and the isolates occurred mostly in individuals aged 51-60 years old. The highest number of strains was found in wound samples. The strains were most frequently isolated from the emergency ward and the intensive care unit (ICU). Conclusions: Findings of this study showed that integron can have a limited frequency in S. aurous isolated from clinical sample in Tehran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad Yahaghi
- Department of Microbiology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, IR Iran
| | - Abbas Ali Imani Fooladi
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Abbas Ali Imani Fooladi, Applied Microbiology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. Tel: +98-9122269267, E-mail:
| | - Mohsen Amin
- Department of Drug and Food Control, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Reza Mirnejad
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Reza Nezamzade
- Department of Microbiology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, IR Iran
| | - Jafar Amani
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
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