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Domínguez-Robles J, Diaz-Gomez L, Utomo E, Shen T, Picco CJ, Alvarez-Lorenzo C, Concheiro A, Donnelly RF, Larrañeta E. Use of 3D Printing for the Development of Biodegradable Antiplatelet Materials for Cardiovascular Applications. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:921. [PMID: 34577621 PMCID: PMC8466262 DOI: 10.3390/ph14090921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Small-diameter synthetic vascular grafts are required for surgical bypass grafting when there is a lack of suitable autologous vessels due to different reasons, such as previous operations. Thrombosis is the main cause of failure of small-diameter synthetic vascular grafts when used for this revascularization technique. Therefore, the development of biodegradable vascular grafts capable of providing a localized and sustained antithrombotic drug release mark a major step forward in the fight against cardiovascular diseases, which are the leading cause of death globally. The present paper describes the use of an extrusion-based 3D printing technology for the production of biodegradable antiplatelet tubular grafts for cardiovascular applications. For this purpose, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) was chosen as a model molecule due to its antiplatelet activity. Poly(caprolactone) and ASA were combined for the fabrication and characterization of ASA-loaded tubular grafts. Moreover, rifampicin (RIF) was added to the formulation containing the higher ASA loading, as a model molecule that can be used to prevent vascular prosthesis infections. The produced tubular grafts were fully characterized through multiple techniques and the last step was to evaluate their drug release, antiplatelet and antimicrobial activity and cytocompatibility. The results suggested that these materials were capable of providing a sustained ASA release for periods of up to 2 weeks. Tubular grafts containing 10% (w/w) of ASA showed lower platelet adhesion onto the surface than the blank and grafts containing 5% (w/w) of ASA. Moreover, tubular grafts scaffolds containing 1% (w/w) of RIF were capable of inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. Finally, the evaluation of the cytocompatibility of the scaffold samples revealed that the incorporation of ASA or RIF into the composition did not compromise cell viability and proliferation at short incubation periods (24 h).
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Domínguez-Robles
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (J.D.-R.); (E.U.); (T.S.); (C.J.P.); (R.F.D.)
| | - Luis Diaz-Gomez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (L.D.-G.); (C.A.-L.); (A.C.)
| | - Emilia Utomo
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (J.D.-R.); (E.U.); (T.S.); (C.J.P.); (R.F.D.)
| | - Tingjun Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (J.D.-R.); (E.U.); (T.S.); (C.J.P.); (R.F.D.)
| | - Camila J. Picco
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (J.D.-R.); (E.U.); (T.S.); (C.J.P.); (R.F.D.)
| | - Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (L.D.-G.); (C.A.-L.); (A.C.)
| | - Angel Concheiro
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (L.D.-G.); (C.A.-L.); (A.C.)
| | - Ryan F. Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (J.D.-R.); (E.U.); (T.S.); (C.J.P.); (R.F.D.)
| | - Eneko Larrañeta
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (J.D.-R.); (E.U.); (T.S.); (C.J.P.); (R.F.D.)
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Photocurable Methacrylate Derivatives of Polylactide: A Two-Stage Synthesis in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and 3D Laser Structuring. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12112525. [PMID: 33138125 PMCID: PMC7692848 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A two-stage polylactide modification was performed in the supercritical carbon dioxide medium using the urethane formation reaction. The modification resulted in the synthesis of polymerizable methacrylate derivatives of polylactide for application in the spatial 3D structuring by laser stereolithography. The use of the supercritical carbon dioxide medium allowed us to obtain for the first time polymerizable oligomer-polymer systems in the form of dry powders convenient for further application in the preparation of polymer compositions for photocuring. The photocuring of the modified polymers was performed by laser stereolithography and two-photon crosslinking. Using nanoindentation, we found that Young’s modulus of the cured compositions corresponded to the standard characteristics of implants applied in regenerative medicine. As shown by thermogravimetric analysis, the degree of crosslinking and, hence, the local stiffness of scaffolds were determined by the amount of the crosslinking agent and the photocuring regime. No cytotoxicity was observed for the structures.
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Sokolova MP, Bugrov AN, Smirnov MA, Smirnov AV, Lahderanta E, Svetlichnyi VM, Toikka AM. Effect of Domain Structure of Segmented Poly(urethane-imide) Membranes with Polycaprolactone Soft Blocks on Dehydration of n-Propanol via Pervaporation. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E1222. [PMID: 30961147 PMCID: PMC6290592 DOI: 10.3390/polym10111222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Segmented poly(urethane-imide)s (PUIs) were synthesized by polyaddition reaction and applied for preparation of membranes. Tolylene-2,4-diisocyanate, pyromellitic dianhydride, and m-phenylenediamine for chain extension were used to form hard aromatic blocks. Polycaprolactone diols with molecular weights equal to 530 and 2000 g mol-1 were chosen as soft segments. The effect of the length of soft segments on the structure, morphology, and transport properties of segmented poly(urethane-imide) membranes were studied using atomic force microscopy, small-angle and wide-angle X-ray scattering, and pervaporation experiments. It was found that a copolymer with a shorter soft segment (530 g mol-1) consists of soft domains in a hard matrix, while the introduction of polycaprolactone blocks with higher molecular weight (2000 g mol-1) leads to the formation of hard domains in a soft matrix. Additionally, the introduction of hard segments prevents crystallization of polycaprolactone. Transport properties of membranes based on segmented PUIs containing soft segments of different length were tested for pervaporation of a model mixture of propanol/water with 20 wt % H₂O content. It was found that a membrane based on segmented PUIs containing longer soft segments demonstrates higher flux (8.8 kg μm m-2 h-1) and selectivity (179) toward water in comparison with results for pure polycaprolactone reported in literature. The membrane based on segmented PUIs with 530 g mol-1 soft segment has a lower flux (5.1 kg μm m-2 h-1) and higher selectivity (437).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria P Sokolova
- Department of Chemical Thermodynamics & Kinetics, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetsky pr. 26, Peterhof, Saint Petersburg 198504, Russia.
- Department of Physics, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Skinnarilankatu 34, 53850 Lappeenranta, Finland.
| | - Alexander N Bugrov
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, Saint Petersburg 199004, Russia.
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University "LETI", ul. Professora Popova 5, Saint Petersburg 197376, Russian.
| | - Michael A Smirnov
- Department of Chemical Thermodynamics & Kinetics, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetsky pr. 26, Peterhof, Saint Petersburg 198504, Russia.
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, Saint Petersburg 199004, Russia.
| | - Alexander V Smirnov
- Faculty of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, Kronverskiy pr. 49, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia.
| | - Erkki Lahderanta
- Department of Physics, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Skinnarilankatu 34, 53850 Lappeenranta, Finland.
| | - Valentin M Svetlichnyi
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, Saint Petersburg 199004, Russia.
| | - Alexander M Toikka
- Department of Chemical Thermodynamics & Kinetics, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetsky pr. 26, Peterhof, Saint Petersburg 198504, Russia.
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Boyne DA, Varady MJ, Lambeth RH, Eikenberg JH, Bringuier SA, Pearl TP, Mantooth BA. Solvent-Assisted Desorption of 2,5-Lutidine from Polyurethane Films. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:2155-2164. [PMID: 29420032 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b10656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A fundamental understanding of chemical interactions and transport mechanisms that result from introducing multiple chemical species into a polymer plays a key role in the development and optimization of membranes, coatings, and decontamination formulations. In this study, we explore the solvent-assisted desorption of a penetrant (2,5-lutidine) in polyurethane with aprotic (acetonitrile) and protic (methanol) solvents. Chemical interactions between solvent, penetrant, and polymer functional groups are characterized via time-resolved Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) during single and multicomponent exposures. For both solvents, an increase in the extraction rate of the penetrant is observed when the solvent is applied during desorption. Inspection of the FTIR spectra reveals two potential mechanisms that facilitate the enhanced desorption rate: (1) penetrant/solvent competition for hydrogen donor groups on the polymer backbone and (2) disruption of the self-interaction (cohesive forces) between neighboring polymer chains. Finally, the aprotic solvent is found to generate an order of magnitude greater desorption rate of the penetrant, which is attributed to a greater disruption of the self-interaction during penetrant desorption compared to the protic solvent and the inability of an aprotic solvent to form larger and potentially slower penetrant-solvent complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devon A Boyne
- Leidos , 11951 Freedom Drive, Reston, Virginia 20190, United States
| | - Mark J Varady
- U.S. Army Edgewood Chemical Biological Center , 5183 Blackhawk Road, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen, Maryland 21010-5424, United States
| | - Robert H Lambeth
- U.S. Army Research Laboratory , Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen, Maryland 21005, United States
| | - Janlyn H Eikenberg
- U.S. Army Edgewood Chemical Biological Center , 5183 Blackhawk Road, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen, Maryland 21010-5424, United States
| | - Stefan A Bringuier
- DCS Corporation , 100 Walter Ward Boulevard, Suite 100, Abingdon, Maryland 21009, United States
| | - Thomas P Pearl
- DCS Corporation , 100 Walter Ward Boulevard, Suite 100, Abingdon, Maryland 21009, United States
| | - Brent A Mantooth
- U.S. Army Edgewood Chemical Biological Center , 5183 Blackhawk Road, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen, Maryland 21010-5424, United States
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Abstract
Polyether-esterurethanes containing synthetic poly[(R,S)-3-hydroxybutyrate] (R,S-PHB) and polyoxytetramethylenediol in soft segments and polyesterurethanes with poly(ε-caprolactone) and poly[(R,S)-3-hydroxybutyrate] were blended with poly([D,L]-lactide) (PLA). The products were tested in terms of their oil and water absorption. Oil sorption tests of polyether-esterurethane revealed their higher response in comparison to polyesterurethanes. Blending of polyether-esterurethanes with PLA caused the increase of oil sorption. The highest water sorption was observed for blends of polyether-esterurethane, obtained with 10% of R,S-PHB in soft segments. The samples mass of polyurethanes and their blends were almost not changed after incubation in phosphate buffer and trypsin and lipase solutions. Nevertheless the molecular weight of polymers was significantly reduced after degradation. It was especially visible in case of incubation of samples in phosphate buffer what suggested the chemical hydrolysis of polymer chains. The changes of surface of polyurethanes and their blends, after incubation in both enzymatic solutions, indicated on enzymatic degradation, which had been started despite the lack of mass lost. Polyurethanes and their blends, contained more R,S-PHB in soft segments, were degraded faster.
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