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Szwed-Georgiou A, Płociński P, Kupikowska-Stobba B, Urbaniak MM, Rusek-Wala P, Szustakiewicz K, Piszko P, Krupa A, Biernat M, Gazińska M, Kasprzak M, Nawrotek K, Mira NP, Rudnicka K. Bioactive Materials for Bone Regeneration: Biomolecules and Delivery Systems. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:5222-5254. [PMID: 37585562 PMCID: PMC10498424 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Novel tissue regeneration strategies are constantly being developed worldwide. Research on bone regeneration is noteworthy, as many promising new approaches have been documented with novel strategies currently under investigation. Innovative biomaterials that allow the coordinated and well-controlled repair of bone fractures and bone loss are being designed to reduce the need for autologous or allogeneic bone grafts eventually. The current engineering technologies permit the construction of synthetic, complex, biomimetic biomaterials with properties nearly as good as those of natural bone with good biocompatibility. To ensure that all these requirements meet, bioactive molecules are coupled to structural scaffolding constituents to form a final product with the desired physical, chemical, and biological properties. Bioactive molecules that have been used to promote bone regeneration include protein growth factors, peptides, amino acids, hormones, lipids, and flavonoids. Various strategies have been adapted to investigate the coupling of bioactive molecules with scaffolding materials to sustain activity and allow controlled release. The current manuscript is a thorough survey of the strategies that have been exploited for the delivery of biomolecules for bone regeneration purposes, from choosing the bioactive molecule to selecting the optimal strategy to synthesize the scaffold and assessing the advantages and disadvantages of various delivery strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Szwed-Georgiou
- Department
of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental
Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz 90-136, Poland
| | - Przemysław Płociński
- Department
of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental
Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz 90-136, Poland
| | - Barbara Kupikowska-Stobba
- Biomaterials
Research Group, Lukasiewicz Research Network
- Institute of Ceramics and Building Materials, Krakow 31-983, Poland
| | - Mateusz M. Urbaniak
- Department
of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental
Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz 90-136, Poland
- The
Bio-Med-Chem Doctoral School, University of Lodz and Lodz Institutes
of the Polish Academy of Sciences, University
of Lodz, Lodz 90-237, Poland
| | - Paulina Rusek-Wala
- Department
of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental
Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz 90-136, Poland
- The
Bio-Med-Chem Doctoral School, University of Lodz and Lodz Institutes
of the Polish Academy of Sciences, University
of Lodz, Lodz 90-237, Poland
| | - Konrad Szustakiewicz
- Department
of Polymer Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wroclaw 50-370, Poland
| | - Paweł Piszko
- Department
of Polymer Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wroclaw 50-370, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Krupa
- Department
of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental
Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz 90-136, Poland
| | - Monika Biernat
- Biomaterials
Research Group, Lukasiewicz Research Network
- Institute of Ceramics and Building Materials, Krakow 31-983, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Gazińska
- Department
of Polymer Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wroclaw 50-370, Poland
| | - Mirosław Kasprzak
- Biomaterials
Research Group, Lukasiewicz Research Network
- Institute of Ceramics and Building Materials, Krakow 31-983, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Nawrotek
- Faculty
of Process and Environmental Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz 90-924, Poland
| | - Nuno Pereira Mira
- iBB-Institute
for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de
Lisboa, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- Associate
Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior
Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- Instituto
Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Karolina Rudnicka
- Department
of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental
Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz 90-136, Poland
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Timm TG, Costa TM, Alberton MD, Helm CV, Tavares LBB. Mushroom β-glucans: application and innovation for food industry and immunotherapy. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s00253-023-12656-4. [PMID: 37410138 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12656-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Among the most important sources of β-glucans are edible and medicinal mushrooms. These molecules are components of the cellular wall of basidiomycete fungi (mushrooms) and can be extracted even from the basidiocarp as the mycelium and its cultivation extracts or biomasses. Mushroom β-glucans are recognized by their potential effects as immunostimulants and immunosuppressants. They are highlighted as anticholesterolemic, anti-inflammatory, adjuvant in diabetes mellitus, mycotherapy for cancer treatment, as well as adjuvants for COVID-19 vaccines. Due to their relevance, several techniques of β-glucans extraction, purification, and analysis have already been described. Despite the previous knowledge of β-glucans' benefits for human nutrition and health, the main information about this topic refers to the molecular identification, properties, and benefits, as well as their synthesis and action on cells. Studies on biotechnology industry applications (product development) and the registered products of β-glucans from mushrooms are still limited and more common for feed and healthcare. In this context, this paper reviews the biotechnological production of food products containing β-glucans from basidiomycete fungi, focusing on food enrichment, and presents a new perspective on fungi β-glucans' use as potential immunotherapy agents. KEY POINTS: • Mushrooms' β-glucans for product development in the biotechnology industry • Biotechnological production of food products containing mushrooms' β-glucans • Basidiomycete fungi β-glucans are used as potential immunotherapy agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaynã Gonçalves Timm
- Environmental Engineering Graduate Program, Regional University of Blumenau, Blumenau, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | | | - Michele Debiasi Alberton
- Pharmaceutical Science Department, Regional University of Blumenau, Blumenau, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Vieira Helm
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Research Center of Forestry - Embrapa Florestas, Colombo, Paraná, Brazil
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Borkowski L, Przekora A, Belcarz A, Palka K, Jojczuk M, Lukasiewicz P, Nogalski A, Ginalska G. Highly Porous Fluorapatite/β-1,3-Glucan Composite for Bone Tissue Regeneration: Characterization and In-Vitro Assessment of Biomedical Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910414. [PMID: 34638753 PMCID: PMC8508652 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel fluorapatite/glucan composite (“FAP/glucan”) was developed for the treatment of bone defects. Due to the presence of polysaccharide polymer (β-1,3-glucan), the composite is highly flexible and thus very convenient for surgery. Its physicochemical and microstructural properties were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), mercury intrusion, mechanical testing and compared with the reference material, which was a hydroxyapatite/glucan composite (“HAP/glucan”) with hydroxyapatite granules (HAP) instead of FAP. It was found that FAP/glucan has a higher density and lower porosity than the reference material. The correlation between the Young’s modulus and the compressive strength between the materials is different in a dry and wet state. Bioactivity assessment showed a lower ability to form apatite and lower uptake of apatite-forming ions from the simulated body fluid by FAP/glucan material in comparison to the reference material. Moreover, FAP/glucan was determined to be of optimal fluoride release capacity for osteoblasts growth requirements. The results of cell culture experiments showed that fluoride-containing biomaterial was non-toxic, enhanced the synthesis of osteocalcin and stimulated the adhesion of osteogenic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leszek Borkowski
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.B.); (G.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-81-448-70-27; Fax: +48-81-448-70-20
| | - Agata Przekora
- Independent Unit of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Anna Belcarz
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.B.); (G.G.)
| | - Krzysztof Palka
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 36, 20-618 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Mariusz Jojczuk
- Chair and Department of Traumatology and Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 11, 20-081 Lublin, Poland; (M.J.); (P.L.); (A.N.)
| | - Piotr Lukasiewicz
- Chair and Department of Traumatology and Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 11, 20-081 Lublin, Poland; (M.J.); (P.L.); (A.N.)
| | - Adam Nogalski
- Chair and Department of Traumatology and Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 11, 20-081 Lublin, Poland; (M.J.); (P.L.); (A.N.)
| | - Grazyna Ginalska
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.B.); (G.G.)
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Chao FC, Wu MH, Chen LC, Lin HL, Liu DZ, Ho HO, Sheu MT. Preparation and characterization of chemically TEMPO-oxidized and mechanically disintegrated sacchachitin nanofibers (SCNF) for enhanced diabetic wound healing. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 229:115507. [PMID: 31826505 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
TEMPO-oxidization and mechanical disintegration were utilized to develop sacchachitin nanofibers (SCNF) with a 3D gel structure for being an ideal scaffold. Mechanically disintegrated SCNF (MDSCNF) with NanoLyzer® at 20,000 psi for 5 cycles and TEMPO-oxidized SCNF (TOSCNF) produced with 5.0 and 10.0 mmole NaClO/g SC was designated as SCN5, T050SC, and T100SC, respectively. All 2% MDSCNF suspensions were demonstrated to be in gel form, while all except T100SC of 2% TOSCNF suspensions showed to be wet fiber-like hydrogel. In diabetic wound healing study, both SCN5 and T050SC incorporated in AMPS (2-acrylamide-2-methyl-propane sulfonate)-based wound dressing were showed to accelerate diabetic wound healing forming nearly the same as normal tissues. T050SC/H further provided the healed wound with growth of sweat glands and hair follicles indicating the wound had healed as functional tissue. Conclusively, TEMPO-oxidized SCNF-based hydrogel scaffolds showed greater potentials in tissue regeneration due to its unique physical and chemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Ching Chao
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Meng-Huang Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Ling-Chun Chen
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Hong-Liang Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Der-Zen Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Hsiu-O Ho
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Ming-Thau Sheu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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A Concise Review on the Molecular Structure and Function Relationship of β-Glucan. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20164032. [PMID: 31426608 PMCID: PMC6720260 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20164032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
β-glucan is a non-starch soluble polysaccharide widely present in yeast, mushrooms, bacteria, algae, barley, and oat. β-Glucan is regarded as a functional food ingredient due to its various health benefits. The high molecular weight (Mw) and high viscosity of β-glucan are responsible for its hypocholesterolemic and hypoglycemic properties. Thus, β-glucan is also used in the food industry for the production of functional food products. The inherent gel-forming property and high viscosity of β-glucan lead to the production of low-fat foods with improved textural properties. Various studies have reported the relationship between the molecular structure of β-glucan and its functionality. The structural characteristics of β-glucan, including specific glycosidic linkages, monosaccharide compositions, Mw, and chain conformation, were reported to affect its physiochemical and biological properties. Researchers have also reported some chemical, physical, and enzymatic treatments can successfully alter the molecular structure and functionalities of β-glucan. This review article attempts to review the available literature on the relationship of the molecular structure of β-glucan with its functionalities, and future perspectives in this area.
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Borkowski L, Pawłowska M, Radzki RP, Bieńko M, Polkowska I, Belcarz A, Karpiński M, Słowik T, Matuszewski Ł, Ślósarczyk A, Ginalska G. Effect of a carbonated HAP/β-glucan composite bone substitute on healing of drilled bone voids in the proximal tibial metaphysis of rabbits. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 53:60-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Biological properties of novel chitosan-based composites for medical application as bone substitute. Open Life Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.2478/s11535-014-0297-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractHydroxyapatite is the main inorganic component of bones and teeth. In order to improve mechanical properties and surgical handiness of bioceramics, a plasticizing agent e.g. polysaccharide can be added. Chitosan is a polysaccharide with biological properties that make it an ideal component of bioceramics-based composites for medical application as bone substitute. In this study, biocompatibility of two types of novel krill chitosan-based composites was evaluated. In vitro experiments were carried out using human foetal osteoblast cell line. Cytotoxicity, cell adhesion, and bone ALP activity tests were performed to assess biocompatibility of the composites. Osteoblast growth on composites was observed using confocal microscope. Our results demonstrated that fabricated novel composites are non-toxic, are favorable to cell adhesion and growth, and provoke increase in b-ALP activity with time, thus inducing osteoblast differentiation. Based on this data composites have promising clinical potential as a bone defect filler in regenerative medicine. It is worth emphasizing that our work resulted in fabrication of flexible and surgical handy, bone substitutes that possess absolute biocompatibility with structural and mechanical properties similar to trabecular bone.
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Belcarz A, Zima A, Ginalska G. Biphasic mode of antibacterial action of aminoglycoside antibiotics-loaded elastic hydroxyapatite–glucan composite. Int J Pharm 2013; 454:285-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.06.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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