1
|
Diana A, Gaido G, Maxia C, Murtas D. MicroRNAs at the Crossroad of the Dichotomic Pathway Cell Death vs. Stemness in Neural Somatic and Cancer Stem Cells: Implications and Therapeutic Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9630. [PMID: 33348804 PMCID: PMC7766058 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stemness and apoptosis may highlight the dichotomy between regeneration and demise in the complex pathway proceeding from ontogenesis to the end of life. In the last few years, the concept has emerged that the same microRNAs (miRNAs) can be concurrently implicated in both apoptosis-related mechanisms and cell differentiation. Whether the differentiation process gives rise to the architecture of brain areas, any long-lasting perturbation of miRNA expression can be related to the occurrence of neurodevelopmental/neuropathological conditions. Moreover, as a consequence of neural stem cell (NSC) transformation to cancer stem cells (CSCs), the fine modulation of distinct miRNAs becomes necessary. This event implies controlling the expression of pro/anti-apoptotic target genes, which is crucial for the management of neural/neural crest-derived CSCs in brain tumors, neuroblastoma, and melanoma. From a translational point of view, the current progress on the emerging miRNA-based neuropathology therapeutic applications and antitumor strategies will be disclosed and their advantages and shortcomings discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Diana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | | | - Cristina Maxia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Daniela Murtas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fernandez AF, Bayón GF, Sierra MI, Urdinguio RG, Toraño EG, García MG, Carella A, López V, Santamarina P, Pérez RF, Belmonte T, Tejedor JR, Cobo I, Menendez P, Mangas C, Ferrero C, Rodrigo L, Astudillo A, Ortea I, Cueto Díaz S, Rodríguez-Gonzalez P, García Alonso JI, Mollejo M, Meléndez B, Domínguez G, Bonilla F, Fraga MF. Loss of 5hmC identifies a new type of aberrant DNA hypermethylation in glioma. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:3046-3059. [PMID: 29878202 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant DNA hypermethylation is a hallmark of cancer although the underlying molecular mechanisms are still poorly understood. To study the possible role of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in this process we analyzed the global and locus-specific genome-wide levels of 5hmC and 5-methylcytosine (5mC) in human primary samples from 12 non-tumoral brains and 53 gliomas. We found that the levels of 5hmC identified in non-tumoral samples were significantly reduced in gliomas. Strikingly, hypo-hydroxymethylation at 4627 (9.3%) CpG sites was associated with aberrant DNA hypermethylation and was strongly enriched in CpG island shores. The DNA regions containing these CpG sites were enriched in H3K4me2 and presented a different genuine chromatin signature to that characteristic of the genes classically aberrantly hypermethylated in cancer. As this 5mC gain is inversely correlated with loss of 5hmC and has not been identified with classical sodium bisulfite-based technologies, we conclude that our data identifies a novel 5hmC-dependent type of aberrant DNA hypermethylation in glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rocio G Urdinguio
- Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN-CSIC), Universidad de Oviedo, Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Estela G Toraño
- Institute of Oncology of Asturias (IUOPA), ISPA-HUCA.,Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN-CSIC), Universidad de Oviedo, Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Maria G García
- Institute of Oncology of Asturias (IUOPA), ISPA-HUCA.,Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN-CSIC), Universidad de Oviedo, Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Antonella Carella
- Institute of Oncology of Asturias (IUOPA), ISPA-HUCA.,Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN-CSIC), Universidad de Oviedo, Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Virginia López
- Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN-CSIC), Universidad de Oviedo, Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Pablo Santamarina
- Institute of Oncology of Asturias (IUOPA), ISPA-HUCA.,Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN-CSIC), Universidad de Oviedo, Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Raúl F Pérez
- Institute of Oncology of Asturias (IUOPA), ISPA-HUCA.,Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN-CSIC), Universidad de Oviedo, Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Thalía Belmonte
- Institute of Oncology of Asturias (IUOPA), ISPA-HUCA.,Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN-CSIC), Universidad de Oviedo, Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - Isabel Cobo
- Institute of Oncology of Asturias (IUOPA), ISPA-HUCA.,Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Menendez
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Cancer CIBER-ONC, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Luis Rodrigo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Aurora Astudillo
- Department of Pathology, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ortea
- Proteomics Unit, IMIBIC, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research, Córdoba, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Manuela Mollejo
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Virgen de la Salud, Avd. Barber 30, Toledo 45005, Spain
| | - Bárbara Meléndez
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Virgen de la Salud, Avd. Barber 30, Toledo 45005, Spain
| | - Gemma Domínguez
- Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Felix Bonilla
- Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario F Fraga
- Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN-CSIC), Universidad de Oviedo, Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| |
Collapse
|