1
|
Pellegrini-Laplagne M, Dupuy O, Sosner P, Bosquet L. Effect of simultaneous exercise and cognitive training on executive functions, baroreflex sensitivity, and pre-frontal cortex oxygenation in healthy older adults: a pilot study. GeroScience 2022; 45:119-140. [PMID: 35881301 PMCID: PMC9315336 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00595-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized by cognitive decline affecting daily functioning. To manage this socio-economic challenge, several non-pharmacological methods such as physical, cognitive, and combined training are proposed. Although there is an important interest in this subject, the literature is still heterogeneous. The superiority of simultaneous training compared to passive control and physical training alone seems clear but very few studies compared simultaneous training to cognitive training alone. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the effect of simultaneous exercise and cognitive training on several cognitive domains in healthy older adults, in comparison with either training alone. Thirty-five healthy older adults were randomized into one of three experimental groups: exercise training, cognitive training, and simultaneous exercise and cognitive training. The protocol involved two 30-min sessions per week for 24 weeks. Cognitive performance in several domains, pre-frontal cortex oxygenation, and baroreflex sensitivity were assessed before and after the intervention. All groups improved executive performance, including flexibility or working memory. We found a group by time interaction for inhibition cost (F(2,28) = 6.44; p < 0.01) and baroreflex sensitivity during controlled breathing (F(2,25) = 4.22; p = 0.01), the magnitude of improvement of each variable being associated (r = -0.39; p = 0.03). We also found a decrease in left and right pre-frontal cortex oxygenation in all groups during the trail making test B. A simultaneous exercise and cognitive training are more efficient than either training alone to improve executive function and baroreflex sensitivity. The results of this study may have important clinical repercussions by allowing to optimize the interventions designed to maintain the physical and cognitive health of older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manon Pellegrini-Laplagne
- grid.11166.310000 0001 2160 6368Laboratoire MOVE (EA6314), Faculté des sciences du sport, Université de Poitiers, 8 allée Jean Monnet – TSA 31113 – 96073 Poitiers cedex 9, Poitiers, France
| | - Olivier Dupuy
- Laboratoire MOVE (EA6314), Faculté des sciences du sport, Université de Poitiers, 8 allée Jean Monnet - TSA 31113 - 96073 Poitiers cedex 9, Poitiers, France. .,School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences (EKSAP), Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada.
| | - Phillipe Sosner
- grid.11166.310000 0001 2160 6368Laboratoire MOVE (EA6314), Faculté des sciences du sport, Université de Poitiers, 8 allée Jean Monnet – TSA 31113 – 96073 Poitiers cedex 9, Poitiers, France ,Mon Stade, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Bosquet
- grid.11166.310000 0001 2160 6368Laboratoire MOVE (EA6314), Faculté des sciences du sport, Université de Poitiers, 8 allée Jean Monnet – TSA 31113 – 96073 Poitiers cedex 9, Poitiers, France ,grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences (EKSAP), Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xiao Y, Wu J, Li J, Tang W, Ma F, Sun C, Yang Y, Zhan W, Wang L, Yan H, Xu F, Chen S. The Neuro Patterns Prior to Error Responses in Long-Lasting Working Memory Task: An Event-Related Potential Study. Front Behav Neurosci 2020; 13:277. [PMID: 31920583 PMCID: PMC6930164 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Few studies exist regarding the mechanism prior to response by which cognitive impairment may induce error in a single long-lasting task. The present study intends to clarify the changes in cognition at the electrophysiological level. Changes in amplitude and latency of N1, P2, N2, and P3 components of event-related potentials (ERPs) were analyzed for error and correct trials during normal and fatigue. Twenty-nine participants had to perform a 2-back working memory (WM) task for 100 min. The first 10 min and the last 10 min of the task were used as the normal state and fatigue state of the participant, respectively. EEG data were obtained from the first 10-min period and the final 10-min period. The results revealed smaller P3 and P2 amplitudes and longer P2 and N2 latency in the final 10-min which was after a long-lasting time task. Moreover, smaller P3 and P2 amplitudes but larger N2 amplitudes were observed in error trials for both states. Our results indicated that: (1) long lasting involvement in a cognitive task had a detrimental effect on attention, memory updating and cognitive control; and (2) impaired attention, impairments in memory updating and cognitive control were related to task errors. Our results imply that several impaired cognitive processes were consistently associated with the error and the altered ERP represents the neural patterns prior to error response in mental fatigue state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jintao Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China.,School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxuan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China.,School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing, China
| | - Weicai Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China.,School of Aerospace, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Chenhui Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Cadre Ward Section, 306 Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhao Zhan
- National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Lizhi Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Huijong Yan
- National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Fenggang Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Shanguang Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xiao Y, Wu J, Tang W, Sun C, Ma F, Guo L. Cognition Impairment Prior to Errors of Working Memory Based on Event-Related Potential. Front Behav Neurosci 2019; 13:13. [PMID: 30809135 PMCID: PMC6379263 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment contributes to errors in different tasks. Poor attention and poor cognitive control are the two neural mechanisms for performance errors. A few studies have been conducted on the error mechanism of working memory. It is unclear whether the changes in memory updating, attention, and cognitive control can cause errors and, if so, whether they can be probed at the same time in one single task. Therefore, this study analyzed event-related potentials in a two-back working memory task. A total of 40 male participants finished the task. The differences between the error and the correct trials in amplitudes and latencies of N1, P2, N2, and P3 were analyzed. The P2 and P3 amplitudes decreased significantly in the error trials, while the N2 amplitude increased. The results showed that impaired attention, poor memory updating, and impaired cognitive control were consistently associated with the error in working memory. Furthermore, the results suggested that monitoring the neurophysiological characteristics associated with attention and cognitive control was important for studying the error mechanism and error prediction. The results also suggested that the P3 and N2 amplitudes could be used as indexes for error foreshadowing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jintao Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China.,School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Weicai Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Chenhui Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China.,School of Aerospace Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingling Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|