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Hasan MZ, Semmens EO, Navarro DuBose K, McCray LK, Noonan CW. Wildland Firefighter Work History and Clinical Indicators of Cardiovascular Health. J Occup Environ Med 2024; 66:e418-e422. [PMID: 38955802 PMCID: PMC11371509 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000003172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the association between the occupational history as a wildland firefighter (WFF) and clinical indicators of cardiovascular health. METHODS Among 2862 WFFs, we evaluated associations between the number of total days assigned on fire and high-risk categories of three clinically measured cardiovascular indicators. RESULTS Almost one-third (32%) of WFFs had one or more clinical measures that would place them in high-risk categories for body mass index, blood pressure, and total cholesterol. WFF work history was associated with some of these measures: odds ratio (and 95% confidence interval) for highest versus lowest tertile of days on fire were 1.4 (1.2, 1.8) and 1.2 (1.0, 1.5) for high-risk categories of body mass index and cholesterol, respectively. CONCLUSION More frequent screening and targeted health promotion programs for WFFs are warranted to increase awareness of cardiovascular risk and prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Zahid Hasan
- From the Center for Population Health Research, School of Public and Community Health Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (M.Z.H., E.O.S., C.W.N.); and Department of the Interior, Office of Wildland Fire, Boise, ID (K.N.D.B., L.K.M.C.)
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Wong QYA, Lim JJ, Ng JY, Lim YYE, Sio YY, Chew FT. Sleep and allergic diseases among young Chinese adults from the Singapore/Malaysia Cross-Sectional Genetic Epidemiology Study (SMCGES) cohort. J Physiol Anthropol 2024; 43:6. [PMID: 38291494 PMCID: PMC10826209 DOI: 10.1186/s40101-024-00356-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Sleep disruption has been shown to affect immune function and thus influence allergic disease manifestation. The specific effects of sleep on allergic diseases, however, are less well-established; hence, in a unique population of young Chinese adults, we investigated the association between sleep and allergic disease. METHODS Young Chinese adults recruited from Singapore in the Singapore/Malaysia Cross-Sectional Genetic Epidemiology Study (SMCGES) were analyzed. We used the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) protocol and a skin prick test to determine atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic rhinitis (AR), and asthma status. Information regarding total sleep time (TST) and sleep quality (SQ) was also obtained. RESULTS Of 1558 participants with a mean age of 25.0 years (SD = 7.6), 61.4% were female, and the mean total sleep time (TST) was 6.8 h (SD = 1.1). The proportions of AD, AR, and asthma were 24.5% (393/1542), 36.4% (987/1551), and 14.7% (227/1547), respectively. 59.8% (235/393) of AD cases suffered from AD-related sleep disturbances, 37.1% (209/564) of AR cases suffered from AR-related sleep disturbances, and 25.1% (57/227) of asthma cases suffered from asthma-related sleep disturbances. Only asthma cases showed a significantly lower mean TST than those without asthma (p = 0.015). Longer TST was significantly associated with lower odds of AR (OR = 0.905, 95% CI = 0.820-0.999) and asthma (OR = 0.852, 95% CI = 0.746-0.972). Linear regression analyses showed that lower TST was significantly associated with asthma (β = - 0.18, SE = 0.076, p-value = 0.017), and AR when adjusted for AR-related sleep disturbances (β = - 0.157, SE = 0.065, p-value = 0.016). Only sleep disturbances due to AR were significantly associated with a poorer SQ (OR = 1.962, 95% CI = 1.245-3.089). CONCLUSIONS We found that sleep quality, but not sleep duration was significantly poorer among AD cases, although the exact direction of influence could not be determined. In consideration of the literature coupled with our findings, we posit that TST influences allergic rhinitis rather than vice versa. Finally, the association between TST and asthma is likely mediated by asthma-related sleep disturbances, since mean TST was significantly lower among those with nighttime asthma symptoms. Future studies could consider using objective sleep measurements coupled with differential expression analysis to investigate the pathophysiology of sleep and allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yi Ambrose Wong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Allergy and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Lee Hiok Kwee Functional Genomics Laboratories, Block S2, Level 5, 14 Science Drive 4, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Jun Jie Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Allergy and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Lee Hiok Kwee Functional Genomics Laboratories, Block S2, Level 5, 14 Science Drive 4, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Jun Yan Ng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Allergy and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Lee Hiok Kwee Functional Genomics Laboratories, Block S2, Level 5, 14 Science Drive 4, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Yi Ying Eliza Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Allergy and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Lee Hiok Kwee Functional Genomics Laboratories, Block S2, Level 5, 14 Science Drive 4, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Yang Yie Sio
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Allergy and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Lee Hiok Kwee Functional Genomics Laboratories, Block S2, Level 5, 14 Science Drive 4, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Fook Tim Chew
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Allergy and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Lee Hiok Kwee Functional Genomics Laboratories, Block S2, Level 5, 14 Science Drive 4, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 117543, Singapore.
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Martelli M, Salvio G, Lazzarini R, Milinkovic M, Ciarloni A, Balercia G, Santarelli L, Bracci M. Night shift work and serum markers of bone turnover in male shift workers. Chronobiol Int 2023; 40:1270-1278. [PMID: 37781875 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2023.2262570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Night shift work is related to sleep disorders, disruption of circadian rhythm and low serum levels of vitamin D. It is known that all these conditions can adversely affect bone mass. The rate of bone turnover can be assessed through the measurement of molecules called bone turnover markers, including C-terminal telopeptide fragment of type I collagen (CTX) and procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (P1NP). In this study, we evaluated the serum levels of CTX, P1NP and 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D in 82 male subjects (42 daytime workers and 40 night shift workers) to assess the possible risk of osteoporosis in male shift workers. Serum levels of CTX and P1NP were found to be higher in night shift workers than in daytime workers. No significant difference was found in vitamin D levels between night shift and daytime workers. The increased CTX and P1NP levels reveal a higher rate of bone turnover in night shift workers and thus a possible increased risk of osteoporosis in this category of workers compared with daytime workers. In view of this, our results highlight the importance of further studies investigating the bone health in male night shift workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Martelli
- Occupational Health, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Gianmaria Salvio
- Endocrinology Clinic, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Raffaella Lazzarini
- Occupational Health, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marijana Milinkovic
- Occupational Medicine Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Marche University Hospital, Ancona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ciarloni
- Endocrinology Clinic, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Balercia
- Endocrinology Clinic, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Lory Santarelli
- Occupational Health, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Massimo Bracci
- Occupational Health, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
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Lecca R, Figorilli M, Casaglia E, Cucca C, Meloni F, Loscerbo R, De Matteis S, Cocco P, Puligheddu M. Gender and Nightshift Work: A Cross Sectional Study on Sleep Quality and Daytime Somnolence. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13040607. [PMID: 37190572 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13040607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A few studies suggested that female nightshift workers suffer more frequently from sleep deprivation and insomnia. We conducted a cross-sectional survey in two different occupational settings to address gender-related differences in nightshift work adaptation. We used the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaires to quantify daytime sleepiness and sleep quality among 156 workers, 91 from a ceramic tile factory and 65 healthcare workers, including hospital doctors, nurses, and nurse assistants. Seventy-three percent of participants (40 women and 74 men) were engaged in nightshift work. We used logistic regression analysis to predict daytime sleepiness and poor sleep quality as a function of personal and lifestyle variables and nightshift work. The female gender showed a strong association with both daytime sleepiness and poor sleep quality. Results were also suggestive of an increase in the risk of daytime sleepiness associated with nightshift work and being married. Our results confirm that women are especially vulnerable to sleep disruption. Promoting adaptation to nightshift work requires special attention towards gender issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosamaria Lecca
- Interdepartmental Sleep Research Centre, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Michela Figorilli
- Interdepartmental Sleep Research Centre, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Elisa Casaglia
- Interdepartmental Sleep Research Centre, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Carla Cucca
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Federico Meloni
- Interdepartmental Sleep Research Centre, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Roberto Loscerbo
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Sara De Matteis
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Cocco
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, Division of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Monica Puligheddu
- Interdepartmental Sleep Research Centre, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
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Bracci M, Zingaretti L, Martelli M, Lazzarini R, Salvio G, Amati M, Milinkovic M, Ulissi A, Medori AR, Vitale E, Ledda C, Santarelli L. Alterations in Pregnenolone and Testosterone Levels in Male Shift Workers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3195. [PMID: 36833889 PMCID: PMC9964973 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Steroid hormone levels are closely related to the endogenous circadian rhythm induced by sleep-wake and dark-light cycles. Shift work that disrupts the circadian rhythm may influence the levels of steroid hormones. The association between shift work and alterations in female sex steroid hormone levels has been studied, but little is known about testosterone and its precursor pregnenolone levels in male shift workers. The present study investigated serum pregnenolone and testosterone levels in a group of shift and daytime male workers. All participants were sampled at the beginning of the morning shift. Lower levels of serum pregnenolone and total testosterone were found in the shift workers compared to the daytime workers. Variations in pregnenolone levels may have consequences for well-being, and they might produce consequences for the levels of hormones downstream of the steroid hormone cascade, such as testosterone. The low levels of testosterone found in shift workers demonstrate the perturbative effect of shift work on testosterone serum levels, which may be independent and/or related to pregnenolone synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Bracci
- Occupational Health, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Laura Zingaretti
- Occupational Medicine Unit, Management Staff Department, Marche University Hospital, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Margherita Martelli
- Occupational Health, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Raffaella Lazzarini
- Occupational Health, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Gianmaria Salvio
- Endocrinology Clinic, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Monica Amati
- Occupational Health, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Marijana Milinkovic
- Occupational Medicine Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Marche University Hospital, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Alfio Ulissi
- Occupational Medicine Unit, Management Staff Department, Marche University Hospital, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Medori
- Occupational Medicine Unit, Management Staff Department, Marche University Hospital, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Ermanno Vitale
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Caterina Ledda
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Lory Santarelli
- Occupational Health, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
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KURTUL S, TÜRK M. Farklı sektörlerde çalışanlarda tiroid hormon düzeylerini etkileyen işle ilgili faktörler. EGE TIP DERGISI 2022. [DOI: 10.19161/etd.1167433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study purposed to evaluate thyroid hormone levels and work-related factors in workers.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was perfomed at 475 workers who applied to the outpatient clinic of occupational diseases between November 2015-February 2020. Sociodemographic variables, work-related factors and laboratory records were retrospectively evaluated. Student’s t-test was performed to compare mean values. Multiple linear regression analysis was used, including independent variables that were found to be statistically significantly related in binary analysis of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) value.
Results: Of the 475 participants, 433 (91.2%) were male and 173 (36.4%) worked night shifts, 293 (61.7%) were exposed to silica dust, 23 (4.8%) to plastic fumes, and 80 (16.8%) to solvent. Study participants who were over 40 years of age, night shift workers, and workers with exposure to silica dust had significantly lower TSH values (p=0.026, p=0.023, p=0.002, respectively); male workers, workers under 40 years of age, and workers with body mass index (BMI)
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Affiliation(s)
- Seher KURTUL
- University of Health Sciences, Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Department of Occupational Disease
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Martelli M, Salvio G, Santarelli L, Bracci M. Shift Work and Serum Vitamin D Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19158919. [PMID: 35897284 PMCID: PMC9332580 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19158919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are highly prevalent conditions worldwide due to several factors, including poor sun exposure. Shift workers may be exposed to the risk of hypovitaminosis D due to fewer opportunities for sunlight exposure compared to day workers. A systematic review of the PubMed, SCOPUS, and EMBASE databases was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systemic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement to investigate the effect of shift work on vitamin D levels. Mean differences (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of serum 25-OH-D levels in shift workers and non-shift workers were calculated. A total of 13 cross-sectional studies were included in the meta-analysis. We found significantly lower levels of serum 25-OH-D in shift workers compared with non-shift workers (MD: −1.85, 95% CI [−2.49 to −1.21]). Heterogeneity among included studies was high (I2 = 89%, p < 0.0001), and neither subgroup analysis nor meta-regression were able to identify specific sources of the heterogeneity that may be related to the different characteristics of shift work among studies. The monitoring of serum vitamin D levels and prompt correction of any deficiencies should be considered in shift workers. Notably, since a large part of the observations are derived from Koreans, larger epidemiological studies are needed in other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Martelli
- Occupational Health, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Gianmaria Salvio
- Endocrinology Clinic, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Lory Santarelli
- Occupational Health, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Massimo Bracci
- Occupational Health, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (M.B.)
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8
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Xie Y, Wu X, Tao S, Wan Y, Tao F. Development and validation of the self-rating of biological rhythm disorder for Chinese adolescents. Chronobiol Int 2021; 39:198-204. [PMID: 34632893 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1989450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Modern lifestyles, and the popularization of artificial light at night, have led to maladjusted social time and internal circadian rhythm, so developing an instrument on biological rhythms is critical. A 36-item self-rated questionnaire assessing biological rhythm disorder in adolescents was developed according to the literature and expert evaluations. Based on a literature review, four dimensions, digital media use, sleep, eating habits, and activity, were determined. After preliminary item analysis, seven unqualified items were eliminated. A total of 1,152 college students and 8,082 middle school students were selected. Two independent sample t-tests, the Pearson correlations, and confirmatory factor analysis, were used to evaluate the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. The final questionnaire consisted of 4 dimensions covering 29 items, and the variance cumulative contribution was 62.65%. Cronbach's α for the total questionnaire was 0.950 and ranged from 0.817 to 0.904 for each dimension. The Pearson correlation coefficients between each item and the total score ranged from 0.360 to 0.755, and the Pearson correlation coefficient between each item and its dimension was between 0.575 and 0.841. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the indices of CFI, TLI and RMSEA were 0.911, 0.901 and 0.043, respectively, which is a good degree of fit. The self-rating scale is consistent with the evaluation standard of psychometrics and can be used to evaluate the degree of biological rhythm disorder in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xie
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Moe Key Laboratory of Population Health across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shuman Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Moe Key Laboratory of Population Health across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuhui Wan
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Moe Key Laboratory of Population Health across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Moe Key Laboratory of Population Health across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Fagundo-Rivera J, Allande-Cussó R, Ortega-Moreno M, García-Iglesias JJ, Romero A, Ruiz-Frutos C, Gómez-Salgado J. Implications of Lifestyle and Occupational Factors on the Risk of Breast Cancer in Shiftwork Nurses. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:649. [PMID: 34070908 PMCID: PMC8228409 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9060649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Shift work that involves circadian disruption has been highlighted as a likely carcinogenic factor for breast cancer in humans. Also, unhealthy lifestyle habits observed in night work nurses could be causally related to an increase in the incidence of estrogen-positive breast tumours in this population. Assessing baseline risk of breast cancer in nurses is essential. The objective of this study was to analyze the risk of breast cancer that nurses had in relation to their lifestyle and labour factors related to shift work. A cross-sectional descriptive study through a questionnaire about sociodemographic variables, self-perception of health, and working life was designed. The sample consisted of 966 nurses. The relationship between variables was tested. A binary logistic regression and a classification and regression tree were performed. The most significant labour variables in relation to the risk of breast cancer were the number of years worked (more than 16 years; p < 0.01; OR = 8.733, 95% CI = 2.811, 27.134) and the total years performing more than 3 nights per month (10 or more years; p < 0.05; OR = 2.294, 95% CI = 1.008, 5.220). Also, the nights worked throughout life (over 500; OR = 4.190, 95% CI = 2.118, 8.287) were significant in the analysis. Nurses who had or ever had breast cancer valued their self-perceived health more negatively (p < 0.001) and referred a lower quality of sleep (p < 0.001) than the non-cases nurses. The occupational factors derived from night work could have several impacts on nurses' health and their family-work balance. Promoting healthy lifestyles, informing about shift work risks, and adjusting shift work schedules are critical methods to decrease the possible effects of circadian disruption in nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Fagundo-Rivera
- Health Sciences Doctorate School, University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain;
- Centro Universitario de Enfermería Cruz Roja, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Universidade Atlântica, 2730-036 Barcarena, Portugal
| | | | - Mónica Ortega-Moreno
- Department of Economy, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain;
| | - Juan Jesús García-Iglesias
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain; (C.R.-F.); (J.G.-S.)
| | - Adolfo Romero
- Nursing and Podiatry Department, Health Sciences School, University of Malaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Carlos Ruiz-Frutos
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain; (C.R.-F.); (J.G.-S.)
- Safety and Health Postgraduate Programme, Espíritu Santo University, Guayaquil 092301, Ecuador
| | - Juan Gómez-Salgado
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain; (C.R.-F.); (J.G.-S.)
- Safety and Health Postgraduate Programme, Espíritu Santo University, Guayaquil 092301, Ecuador
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10
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Minelli A, Di Palma M, Rocchi MBL, Ponzio E, Barbadoro P, Bracci M, Pelusi G, Prospero E. Cortisol, chronotype, and coping styles as determinants of tolerance of nursing staff to rotating shift work. Chronobiol Int 2021; 38:666-680. [PMID: 33827343 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1887883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis activity and cortisol patterns are likely to play a role in shift work tolerance, i.e., ability to adapt to shift work without suffering stress-related consequences. Yet, the evidence is scanty. Here, salivary cortisol output during night shifts and leisure days was assessed in fast-forward rotating shift work nursing staff (N = 30), and possible links with a series of variables - gender (30% male), age (M = 39.6, SEM = 1.57 y), years of service (M = 12.43, SEM = 1.48 y), BMI (M = 23.29, SEM = 0.66 Kg/m2), self-rated chronotype, sleep quality, and psycho-behavioral factors - were investigated. Main results show that cortisol output during night shifts: i) is larger in morning-oriented chronotypes, thus affected by the circadian misalignment between biological and working rhythms; ii) associates with dysfunctional coping styles at work; iii) positively correlates with diurnal cortisol secretion on leisure days, i.e., individuals with larger cortisol output during shifts display higher cortisol secretion on non-working days. Chronotype and psycho-behavioral factors explain most of the correlational weight linking cortisol output during the night shift and off-days. In conclusion, we confirm salivary cortisol testing as a suitable objective marker of occupational stress and propose it as a valuable index for monitoring shift work tolerance, in combination with chronotype. Moreover, we emphasize the importance of evaluating psycho-behavioral factors in professional settings, because these modifiable variables can be addressed with tailored psychological interventions to ameliorate poor job satisfaction, reduce work-related distress, and avoid chronic cortisol excess experienced by shift workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Minelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences (DISB), University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Michael Di Palma
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Elisa Ponzio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Section of Hygiene, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Pamela Barbadoro
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Massimo Bracci
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Gilda Pelusi
- School of Nursing Science, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Emilia Prospero
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Section of Hygiene, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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The influence of specific aspects of occupational stress on security guards' health and work ability: detailed extension of a previous study. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2020; 71:359-374. [PMID: 33410781 PMCID: PMC7968505 DOI: 10.2478/aiht-2020-71-3379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In our earlier study of security guards, we showed that higher occupational stress was associated with health impairments (metabolic syndrome, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases) and work disability. The aim of this study was to further explore the association of specific occupational stressors with health impairments and work disability parameters in 399 Serbian male security guards (aged 25–65 years). Ridge linear regression analysis revealed that, after controlling for age, body mass index, and smoking status, professional stressors including high demands, strictness, conflict/uncertainty, threat avoidance and underload were significant positive predictors of fasting glucose, triglycerides, total and LDL cholesterol, blood pressure, heart rate, Framingham cardiovascular risk score, and temporary work disability. The security profession is in expansion worldwide, and more studies are needed to establish precise health risk predictors, since such data are generally lacking.
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Wallace PJ, Haber JJ. Top 10 evidence-based countermeasures for night shift workers. Emerg Med J 2020; 37:562-564. [DOI: 10.1136/emermed-2019-209134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Emergency edicine providers are responsible for ensuring the emergency department is staffed 24 hours a day. As such, providers must efficiently transition between day, swing and night shift on an almost weekly basis. There is no formal education in medical school or residency on how to approach the transition to and from night shift, remain alert and productive and maximise sleep during the day. There are a multitude of blogs and online sources discussing night shift, but few, if any, provide an evidence-based approach. This article will provide the top 10 evidence-based recommendations to increase sleep, maximise performance, decrease fatigue on shift and improve quality of life outside the workplace.
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13
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Yang H, Yang J, Cheng H, Cao H, Tang S, Wang Q, Zhao J, Li B, Ding Y, Ma C. Probiotics ingestion prevents HDAC11-induced DEC205+ dendritic cell dysfunction in night shift nurses. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18002. [PMID: 31784669 PMCID: PMC6884592 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54558-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It is known that the day-night shift-rotation has a negative impact on the immune system. The underlying mechanism remains to be further investigated. Probiotics have regulatory effects on immune functions. This study aims to investigate the role of probiotic ingestion in preventing the DEC205+ dendritic cell (decDC) dysfunction in day-night shift-engaging nurses. In this study, blood samples were collected from day-night shift-rotating nurses who took or did not take yogurt (containing C. Butyricum) during the night shift (NS). decDC functions were evaluated with pertinent immunological approaches. We observed that the immune tolerogenic functions and interleukin (IL)-10 expression were impaired in decDCs of nurses after NS. HDAC11 was detected in decDCs that was markedly up regulated after NS. The HDAC11 levels were negatively correlated with the immune tolerogenic functions in decDCs. Ingestion of probiotic-containing yogurt during NS efficiently suppressed Bmal1 and HDAC11 levels as well as up regulated the immune regulatory functions in decDCs. In conclusion, NS has a negative impact on decDC immune tolerogenic functions, which can be prevented by ingesting probiotics-containing yogurt during NS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- Department of Nursing, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Nursing, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hui Cheng
- Department of Nursing, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Huili Cao
- Department of Nursing, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Shan Tang
- Department of Nursing, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qiaohong Wang
- Department of Nursing, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Department of Nursing, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Baohua Li
- Department of Nursing, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yongxia Ding
- Department of Nursing, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Chang Ma
- Department of Respirology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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BRCA1 and BRCA2 Gene Expression: Diurnal Variability and Influence of Shift Work. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11081146. [PMID: 31405066 PMCID: PMC6721503 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are involved in DNA double-strand break repair and related to breast cancer. Shift work is associated with biological clock alterations and with a higher risk of breast cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the variability of expression of BRCA genes through the day in healthy subjects and to measure BRCA expression levels in shift workers. The study was approached in two ways. First, we examined diurnal variation of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in lymphocytes of 15 volunteers over a 24-hour period. Second, we measured the expression of these genes in lymphocytes from a group of shift and daytime workers. The change in 24-hour expression levels of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes was statistically significant, decreasing from the peak at midday to the lowest level at midnight. Lower levels for both genes were found in shift workers compared to daytime workers. Diurnal variability of BRCA1 and BRCA2 expression suggests a relation of DNA double-strand break repair system with biological clock. Lower levels of BRCA1 and BRCA2 found in shift workers may be one of the potential factors related to the higher risk of breast cancer.
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NOCTURNIN Gene Diurnal Variation in Healthy Volunteers and Expression Levels in Shift Workers. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:7582734. [PMID: 31467910 PMCID: PMC6699378 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7582734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective The NOCTURNIN gene links nutrient absorption and metabolism to the circadian clock. Shift workers are at a heightened risk of overweight and of developing obesity and metabolic syndrome. This study investigates the diurnal variation of NOCTURNIN in healthy volunteers and its expression levels in rotational shift and daytime workers. Methods NOCTURNIN expression levels were evaluated in peripheral blood lymphocytes from 15 healthy volunteers at 4-hour intervals for 24 h. Metabolic parameters and NOCTURNIN expression were measured in workers engaged in shift and daytime work. Results In the group of volunteers NOCTURNIN expression showed diurnal variation, with a peak at 8:00 AM. NOCTURNIN expression was higher in shift workers than in daytime workers. Multivariate analysis confirmed the role of shift work as an independent factor affecting NOCTURNIN expression. Notably, its level correlated directly with body mass index and inversely with total energy expenditure. Conclusions Measuring NOCTURNIN expression levels in human peripheral blood lymphocytes can improve investigations on the relationship between changes in circadian rhythm and metabolic disorders. Shift workers show higher NOCTURNIN levels than daytime workers.
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