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Inoue K, Murayama Y, Fujita Y, Fukunaga T. The importance of enhancing suicide prevention measures for females in Japan based on suicide trends and global suicide epidemiology. MEDICINE, SCIENCE, AND THE LAW 2024; 64:248-249. [PMID: 38105472 DOI: 10.1177/00258024231221345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ken Inoue
- Research and Education Faculty, Medical Sciences Cluster, Health Service Center, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Yuri Murayama
- Department of Psychiatry, Gunma University Hospital, Gunma, Japan
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Kim EY, Jeong YW, Lim J, Kang DR. Factors Related to Suicidal Ideation by Gender and Age Group in Korean Adults. J Korean Med Sci 2023; 38:e376. [PMID: 38111279 PMCID: PMC10727917 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to the results of the age-standardized suicide rate (suicide deaths per 100,000 population) published by Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries from 2003 to 2019, the suicide rate in Korea is ranked first almost every year, so it should be managed at the national level. To reduce the suicide rate, many scholars are studying suicide. The suicidal process begins with suicidal ideation, progresses through suicide attempts, and ends with suicide. Among them, the frequency of suicidal thoughts was found to be highly correlated with suicide plans and attempts, and it is said that 60% of those who change from suicidal ideation to attempts appear within one year. Therefore, research related to suicidal ideation to lower the suicide rate will contribute to preventing suicide at an early stage. METHODS This study used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Among them, data from 2013, 2015, 2017, and 2019 surveyed adults were compared for suicidal ideation among 18,339 adults. Considering the characteristics of the KNHANES data, complex sample analysis was performed considering the primary extraction unit (region), stratification variables, and weights. The Rao-Scott χ² test was stratified by age group to confirm the distribution of suicidal ideation according to general characteristics. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to understand the effect on suicidal ideation. RESULTS Among all subjects, the rate of suicidal ideation was 4.75%, and among the age groups, the rate of suicidal thoughts was the highest among those over 80 years old (10.39%). Compared to those who were 50s, those in their 30s had the lowest suicidal ideation (odds ratio [OR], 0.52; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.39-0.70), and those in their 80s had the highest rate of suicidal ideation (OR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.38-2.82). Except for those in their 20s, the rate of suicidal ideation tends to increase with age. Overall, the lower 25% of the Euro Quality of Life-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) index, depression lasting more than two weeks, and subjects with poor subjective health or high stress were more likely to have suicidal ideation. In particular, EQ-5D Index (OR, 5.86; 95% CI, 3.73-9.20), depressive symptoms (OR, 19.65; 95% CI, 9.94-38.83) in 20s, and stress in 80s (OR, 10.87; 95% CI, 5.63-20.96) was the highest, and those had the good subjective health perception in 30s (OR, 0.10; 95% CI, 0.05-0.20) was lowest. Participants in their 30s, 40s, and 60s who were divorced or widowed and those in their 50s and 60s who had never married or lived together were more likely to consider suicide ideation. Except for those in their 20s and 80s, the rate of suicidal ideation tends to increase with lower household income levels. CONCLUSIONS In the results of this study, it can be seen that a combination of factors such as a person's personality traits, stress or coping ability to various events, social support, and mental or physical limitations influence suicidal behavior. Suicidal ideation is not simply affected by a single factor but may be influenced by multiple factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Young Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Songho University, Hoengseong, Korea
| | - Yong Whi Jeong
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jihye Lim
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Ryong Kang
- Department of Precision Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea.
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Prevalence and Associated Factors of Suicidal Ideation among Almeda Textile Factory Workers in Adwa, Tigray, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:9459186. [PMID: 36588536 PMCID: PMC9800075 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9459186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Suicidal ideation among textile factory workers is a major public health concern worldwide and is associated with a higher risk of completed suicide. However, there are limited studies that determined the prevalence and the potential determinants of suicidal ideation in Africa, including Ethiopia. Therefore, this study is aimed at exploring the prevalence of suicidal ideation and associated factors among textile factory workers in Almeda textile factory in Adwa, Ethiopia. Methods An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from May 3, 2020, to June 16, 2020, at Almeda textile factory in Adwa. A total of 409 workers were identified using a systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire using suicidality module of Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0, and logistic regression model was employed. Adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was computed, and statistical significance was declared at p value < 0.05. Result In this study, the prevalence of suicidal ideation was found to be 8.8% (95% CI: 6.1, 11.5). Working more than 48 hours per week (AOR = 2.88, 95% CI: 1.18, 7.04), depression (AOR = 3.90, 95% CI: 1.60, 9.50), work-related physical injury (AOR = 5.95, 95% CI: 2.37, 14.94), and interpersonal conflict (AOR = 3.54, 95% CI: 1.40, 8.90) were the significant factors associated with suicidal ideation. Conclusion and Recommendation. In this study, suicidal ideation among Almeda textile production workers was a significant problem. Factors including depression, work-related exposure to physical injury, long working hour, and interpersonal conflict can enlarge suicidal ideation.
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Jung HS, Baek E. A structural equation model analysis of the effects of emotional labor and job stress on depression among nurses with long working hours: Focusing on the mediating effects of resilience and social support. Work 2021; 66:561-568. [PMID: 32623417 PMCID: PMC7504998 DOI: 10.3233/wor-203198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Recently, hospital services have undergone massive changes. As global competition intensifies and informed patients require improved medical services, nurses’ depression has increased. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the effect of emotional labor and job stress on depression in nurses with long working hours via structural equation modeling. METHODS: The data were collected in three general hospitals with 300 beds or more from August 31 to September 12, 2016, and 400 nurse practitioners agreed to participate. We retrieved 350 self-reported questionnaires in total, of which 291 were analyzed (excluding 33 containing unidentifiable values and 26 outliers). RESULTS: The emotional labor of nurses with long working hours influenced depression, whereas job stress did not. Resilience had a negative mediating effect on the relationship between emotional labor and depressive symptoms. Social support had negative mediating effects on the relationship between job stress and depression. CONCLUSIONS: To promote the mental health of nurses in Korea, policies must decrease nurses’ working hours and maintain work environments that enable them to demonstrate their full competency. Thus, it is necessary to limit long hours and implement structures and systems that promote compliance with these limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Sun Jung
- Professor, Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunmi Baek
- Research Professor, Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea
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Inoue Y, Nomura S, Nishiura C, Hori A, Yamamoto K, Nakagawa T, Honda T, Yamamoto S, Eguchi M, Kochi T, Miyamoto T, Okazaki H, Imai T, Nishihara A, Ogasawara T, Sasaki N, Uehara A, Yamamoto M, Shimizu M, Konishi M, Kabe I, Mizoue T, Dohi S. Loss of Working Life Years Due to Mortality, Sickness Absence, or Ill-health Retirement: A Comprehensive Approach to Estimating Disease Burden in the Workplace. J Epidemiol 2021; 31:403-409. [PMID: 32713929 PMCID: PMC8187608 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20190332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background While much effort has focused on quantifying disease burden in occupational health, no study has simultaneously assessed disease burden in terms of mortality and morbidity. We aimed to propose a new comprehensive method of quantifying the disease burden in the workplace. Methods The data were obtained from the Japan Epidemiology Collaboration on Occupational Health (J-ECOH) Study, a large-scale prospective study of approximately 80,000 workers. We defined disease burden in the workplace as the number of working years lost among the working population during a 6-year period (April 2012 to March 2018). We calculated the disease burden according to consequences of health problems (ie, mortality, sickness absence [SA], and ill-health retirement) and disease category. We also calculated the age-group- (20–39 and 40–59 years old) and sex-specific disease burden. Results The largest contributors to disease burden in the workplace were mental and behavioural disorders (47.0 person-years lost per 10,000 person-years of working years; ie, per myriad [proportion]), followed by neoplasms (10.8 per myriad) and diseases of the circulatory system (7.1 per myriad). While mental and behavioural disorders made a greater contribution to SA and ill-health retirement compared to mortality, the latter two disorders were the largest contributors to the disease burden in the workplace due to mortality. The number of working years lost was greater among younger versus older female participants, whereas the opposite trend was observed in males. Conclusions Our approach is in contrast to those in previous studies that focused exclusively on mortality or morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Inoue
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, National Center for Global Health and Medicine
| | - Shuhei Nomura
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Medicine, Keio University.,Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo.,Institute of Global Health Policy Research (iGHP), National Center for Global Health and Medicine
| | | | - Ai Hori
- Department of Global Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba
| | - Kenya Yamamoto
- Division of Environment, Health and Safety, The University of Tokyo
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Maki Konishi
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, National Center for Global Health and Medicine
| | | | - Tetsuya Mizoue
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, National Center for Global Health and Medicine
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Berg E, Wilhelm K, Handley T. Should we increase the focus on diet when considering associations between lifestyle habits and deliberate self-harm? BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:560. [PMID: 33238947 PMCID: PMC7687696 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02950-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite increasing awareness of high rates of physical illness and poor lifestyle behaviours among patients with a history of repeated deliberate self-harm (DSH), there is little research on specific lifestyle factors that are potentially problematic for this group. This paper aims to explore the relationship between lifetime repeated DSH and certain lifestyle factors, including balanced meals, eating breakfast, consumption of 'junk' food, weight, exercise, substance/alcohol use, smoking and social support, in a cohort of patients who presented to the Emergency Department (ED) with suicidal ideation or DSH. METHODS From 2007 to 2016, data from lifestyle and mental health measures were collected from 448 attenders at an outpatient clinic for DSH or suicidal ideation following ED presentation. Lifestyle behaviours (Fantastic Lifestyle Checklist) and mental health (Depression and Anxiety Stress Scale), clinical diagnosis and number of previous DSH episodes were measured on arrival. The associations between lifestyle variables and the number of lifetime DSH episodes were examined. RESULTS Sex, age, depression symptoms, poor diet, and smoking were all associated with a higher average number of deliberate self-harm episodes across the lifespan. There were non-significant positive trends for the other poor lifestyle behaviours. There was no association between DSH episodes and diagnosis of depression or anxiety disorder. In a multiple linear regression model, the only factors that remained significant were age, smoking and eating balanced meals, however, the relationship between smoking and lifetime DSH was moderated by more immediate DSH behaviours. CONCLUSION In this sample of patients referred to a service following presentation to the ED with acute mental health concerns, balanced meals and smoking were the lifestyle behaviours that were found to have the strongest independent association with repeated DSH across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Berg
- Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, O'Brien Centre, St Vincent's Hospital, 394 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Kay Wilhelm
- Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, O'Brien Centre, St Vincent's Hospital, 394 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia.
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Tonelle Handley
- Centre for Rural and Remote Mental Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
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Thongnopakun S, Visanuyothin S, Manwong M, Rodjarkpai Y, Patipat P. <p>Promoting Health Literacy to Prevent Depression Among Workers in Industrial Factories in the Eastern Economic Corridor of Thailand</p>. J Multidiscip Healthc 2020; 13:1443-1453. [PMID: 33173306 PMCID: PMC7646408 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s272574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to identify the factors associated with depression among workers in industrial factories in the Eastern Economic Corridor (EEC) of Thailand. Additionally, a guidebook was created to evaluate the suitability and appropriateness of the health literacy of the workers to prevent depression. Methods This study applied a mixed method from May 2019 to May 2020. Two-stage sampling was used to recruit samples. A total of 416 workers were surveyed using a self-administered questionnaire. Moreover, 20 stakeholders enrolled in two focus group discussions (FGDs) using a semi-structured interview questionnaire to explore situations and develop a guidebook. Descriptive statistical, multivariable logistic regression, and content analysis were applied to analyze the data. Both quantitative and qualitative data were used in the development of the guidebook, which were further tested and evaluated by interviewing the 20 stakeholders. Results Depression was found in 17.1% of the workers. Job position (adjusted odds ratio [ORadj] = 7.14), hours of online media use (ORadj = 1.87), moody/anxious (ORadj = 5.35), avoiding people (ORadj = 9.12), and self-behavior modification to prevent depression (ORadj = 2.41) were associated with significant depression. The FGDs revealed that stakeholders had blurred perceptions of stress and depression. The sample of industrial factory workers was subjected to workload time constraints but had low level of screening for depression. Online media was used only for working in industries. The guidebook was very interesting and useful for stakeholders and contained definitions and symptoms of depression, self-screening and self-care strategies, consultation and hotline contacts, and health literacy improvement guidelines for factory and health personnel to prevent depression. Conclusion This study confirmed that online media and health literacy were imperative factors to address depression among workers in industrial factories. The guidebook was developed based on health literacy and help prevent depression among workers in industrial settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saowanee Thongnopakun
- Faculty of Public Health, Burapha University, Chon Buri, Thailand
- Correspondence: Saowanee Thongnopakun Tel +66 38102-730 Email
| | | | - Mereerat Manwong
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand
| | | | - Pichitra Patipat
- Faculty of Public Health, Burapha University, Chon Buri, Thailand
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Nagasu M, Yamamoto I. Impact of socioeconomic- and lifestyle-related risk factors on poor mental health conditions: A nationwide longitudinal 5-wave panel study in Japan. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240240. [PMID: 33035239 PMCID: PMC7546460 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The association of socioeconomic status and lifestyle behaviours on mental health appears well-established in the literature, as several studies report that better socioeconomic status such as higher levels of disposable income and employment as well as practising healthy lifestyles can enhance mental well-being. However, the reliance on cross-sectional correlations and lack of adequate statistical controls are possible limitations. This study aims to add the evidence of longitudinal association to the literature by using Japanese representative longitudinal household panel data. We employed panel data analytical techniques such as the random-effects conditional logistic regression (RE-CLR) and the fixed-effects conditional logistic regression (FE-CLR) models with possible time variant confounders being controlled. Our sample was comprised of 14,717 observations of 3,501 individuals aged 22–59 years for five waves of the Japanese Household Panel Survey. We confirmed many of the factors associated with mental health reported in existing studies by analysing cross-sectional data. These significant associations are also longitudinal (within) associations estimated by the FE-CLR models. Such factors include unemployment, low household income, short nightly sleeping duration, and lack of exercise. However, we also found that several factors such as disposable income, living alone, and drinking habits are not significantly associated with mental health in the FE-CRL models. The results imply the reverse causality that poor mental health conditions cause lower disposal income, possibly due to the inability to exhibit higher productivity, but an increase in disposal income would not necessarily improve mental health conditions. In this case, aggressive policy interventions to increase the disposal income of people of lower socioeconomic backgrounds would not necessarily be effective to minimize health inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miwako Nagasu
- Faculty of Economics, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Isamu Yamamoto
- Faculty of Business and Commerce, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
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A study of job stress, suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in display manufacturing workers: a cross-sectional study. Ann Occup Environ Med 2020; 32:e16. [PMID: 32676194 PMCID: PMC7332350 DOI: 10.35371/aoem.2020.32.e16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to investigate the association between job stress and suicide ideation/attempts among display manufacturing workers. Methods Data were collected from 836 workers in a display manufacturing company who participated in health screenings from May 22 to June 16, 2017. The data included general characteristics, night work, job tenure, previous physician-diagnosed chronic diseases, suicidal ideation/suicide attempts, and job stress. We investigated suicidal ideation/suicide attempts that covered the past year by using a self-reported questionnaire. Job stress was measured using the 43-item Korean Occupational Stress Scale. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between job stress and suicidal ideation/suicide attempts. The mediator effect of depression on suicidal ideation/suicide attempts was tested using a series of logistic regression by applying Baron and Kenny's mediation method. Results In the model adjusting for variables (e.g., age, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, regular exercise, shift work, job tenure, chronic disease and depression), physical environment (OR: 3.60, 95% CI: 1.08–12.02), lack of reward (OR: 5.31, 95% CI: 1.54–18.34), and occupation climate (OR: 7.36, 95% CI: 2.28–23.72) were correlated with suicidal ideation/suicide attempts in women. However, all subscales of job stress were not significantly correlated with suicidal ideation/suicide attempts in men. In mediation analysis, job instability and occupational climate were correlated with suicidal ideation/suicide attempts and were mediated by depression in men workers. Conclusions In women workers, the experiences of suicidal ideation/suicide attempts were significantly correlated with the physical environment, lack of reward, and occupational climate that were subscales of job stress. In men workers, depression rather than job stress was correlated with experiences of suicidal ideation/suicide attempts.
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Zhao Y, Richardson A, Poyser C, Butterworth P, Strazdins L, Leach LS. Shift work and mental health: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2019; 92:763-793. [PMID: 31055776 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-019-01434-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shift work is common. However, research findings are mixed regarding the impact of shift work on mental health. This systematic review sought to provide a comprehensive summary of existing research examining the association between different types of shift work and mental health. The review included large-scale, non-occupation-specific research. METHODS Four electronic databases PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science and SCOPUS were searched to identify studies that reported on the statistical association between shift work and mental health and that used population-based samples. Two reviewers extracted information about study characteristics and data on the association between shift work and mental health. A meta-analysis was performed for longitudinal studies adopting a 'broad binary' measure of shift work. RESULTS Thirty-three studies were included in the final review-10 cross-sectional studies, 22 longitudinal studies, and 1 study that included both. Findings were grouped based on whether the measure of shift work focussed on: (1) night/evening work, (2) weekend work, (3) irregular/unpredictable work schedule, or (4) a broad binary measure. There was a reasonable level of evidence that overall, when a broad binary measure was adopted, shift work was associated with poorer mental health-this finding was supported by the meta-analysis results. There was also some evidence that irregular/unpredictable work was associated with poorer mental health. There was less evidence for night/evening and minimal evidence for weekend work. Inconsistencies in study methodology, limited contrasting and combining the results. CONCLUSIONS The association between shift work and mental health is different across types of shift work. The evidence is strongest for a broad binary, general measure of shift work and for irregular or unpredictable shift work. There is a need for continued research that adopts consistent and clear measures of shift work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Zhao
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health (NCEPH), Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, 2601, Australia.
| | - Alice Richardson
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health (NCEPH), Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, 2601, Australia
| | - Carmel Poyser
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health (NCEPH), Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, 2601, Australia
| | - Peter Butterworth
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health (NCEPH), Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, 2601, Australia
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lyndall Strazdins
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health (NCEPH), Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, 2601, Australia
| | - Liana S Leach
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health (NCEPH), Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, 2601, Australia
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Vijayakumar L, Lamech N. Suicide and Suicidal Behavior in Women. MENTAL HEALTH AND ILLNESS OF WOMEN 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-0371-4_3-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Chin W, Chen Y, Ho J, Cheng N, Wu H, Shiao JSC. Psychological Work Environment and Suicidal Ideation Among Nurses in Taiwan. J Nurs Scholarsh 2018; 51:106-113. [DOI: 10.1111/jnu.12441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei‐Shan Chin
- Postdoctoral Research FellowNational Institute of Environmental Health ScienceNational Health Research Institutes Zhunan Taiwan
| | - Yi‐Chuan Chen
- PhD Student, School of NursingCollege of MedicineNational Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Jiune‐Jye Ho
- Chief Secretary, Institute of LaborOccupational Safety and HealthMinistry of Labor Taipei Taiwan
| | - Nai‐Yun Cheng
- Assistant Researcher, Institute of LaborOccupational Safety and HealthMinistry of Labor Taipei Taiwan
| | - Hsueh‐Ching Wu
- Assistant Professor, Department of NursingHsin Sheng Junior College of Medical Care and Management Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Judith S. C. Shiao
- Associate Professor, School of NursingCollege of MedicineNational Taiwan University (NTU) and NTU Hospital, and PresidentOccupational Health Nursing and Education Association of Taiwan Taipei Taiwan
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Younès N, Rivière M, Plancke L, Leroyer A, Blanchon T, Azevedo Da Silva M, Melchior M. Work intensity in men and work-related emotional demands in women are associated with increased suicidality among persons attending primary care. J Affect Disord 2018; 235:565-573. [PMID: 29698918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.04.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A large proportion of persons died by suicide are employed at the time of death and work-related factors partly contribute to suicide risk. Our aim was to examine the association between multiple aspects of work organization and suicidal ideation in a study conducted in primary care. METHODS Data came from a study of 2027 working patients attending a GP representative of patients in the Nord Pas-de-Calais region in France (April-August 2014). Suicidality was assessed using the MINI (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview). Six emergent worked-related factors were explored (work intensity, emotional demands, autonomy, social relationships at work, conflict of values, insecurity of work). Several covariates were considered: patient's and GP's characteristics, and area-level data (material and social deprivation, psychiatrist and GPs' density, suicide attempts and suicide rates). RESULTS 8.0% of participants reported suicidal ideation in the preceding month (7.5% of men and 8.6% of women, p = .03). In multivariate analyses adjusted for covariates, suicidality was significantly associated with work intensity (OR = 1.65; 95%CI [1.18-2.31]) in men and with work-related emotional demands (OR = 1.35; 95%CI [1.01-1.80]) in women. Area-level data were not associated. LIMITATIONS Our cross-sectional study cannot assess the direction of the relationships under study. CONCLUSION Our results emphasise a central role for GPs in suicide prevention among workers and highlight the importance of work-related factors with regard to suicidality in primary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Younès
- EA 40-47 University of Versailles Saint-Quentin, Versailles, France; Academic Unit of Psychiatry for Adults, Versailles Hospital, Versailles, France.
| | - M Rivière
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), F75013 Paris, France; Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Régional, Orléans, France
| | - L Plancke
- Fédération régionale de recherche en psychiatrie et santé mentale Hauts-de-France, Lille, France
| | - A Leroyer
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA 4483 - IMPECS - IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé humaine, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - T Blanchon
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), F75013 Paris, France
| | - M Azevedo Da Silva
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), F75013 Paris, France; EA 40-47 University of Versailles Saint-Quentin, Versailles, France
| | - M Melchior
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), F75013 Paris, France
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Vancampfort D, Hallgren M, Firth J, Rosenbaum S, Schuch FB, Mugisha J, Probst M, Van Damme T, Carvalho AF, Stubbs B. Physical activity and suicidal ideation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2018; 225:438-448. [PMID: 28858658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.08.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A potential approach to suicide prevention that has not been closely examined, but which holds promise in terms of widespread dissemination without major side-effects, is physical activity (PA). This systematic review and meta-analysis set out to: (a) explore associations between PA and suicidal ideation (SI) levels, and (b) investigate the effect of PA interventions on SI. METHODS Major electronic databases were searched from inception up to 05/2017 to identify quantitative studies reporting an association between PA and SI. A quantitative correlates synthesis and random effects meta-analysis were conducted. RESULTS Fourteen of 21 studies in adults (67%) (n = 130,737), 7/14 (50%) in adolescents (n = 539,170) and 2/3 (67%) in older adults (n = 50,745) found a significant negative association between PA- and SI-levels. Pooled adjusted meta-analysis of 14 effect sizes over eight studies and 80,856 people found that those who were "active" versus those who were "inactive" were less likely to have SI (OR = 0.87, 95%CI = 0.76-0.98). Additionally, meeting PA guidelines conferred a significant protective effect against SI (OR = 0.91, 95%CI = 0.51-0.99, P = 0.03; N studies = 3, n people = 122,395), while not meeting guidelines was associated with increased SI (OR = 1.16, 95%CI = 1.09-1.24, P < 0.001; N = 4, n = 78,860). Data from the intervention studies (N = 3, n = 121) was mixed and limited. LIMITATIONS Our findings are based mainly on cross-sectional studies, while the majority of studies did not include a rigorous physical activity assessment. CONCLUSIONS The current study suggests that higher PA levels are associated with lower SI. However, the associations observed need to be confirmed in prospective observational studies and controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davy Vancampfort
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven - University of Leuven, University Psychiatric Centre, Leuven-Kortenberg, Belgium.
| | - Mats Hallgren
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joseph Firth
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, University of Manchester, UK; NICM, School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Australia
| | - Simon Rosenbaum
- School of Psychiatry, UNSW Sydney, Australia; Black Dog Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Felipe B Schuch
- Unilasalle, Canoas, Brazil; Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - James Mugisha
- Kyambogo University, Kampala, Uganda; Butabika National Referral and Mental Health Hospital, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Michel Probst
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tine Van Damme
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | - André F Carvalho
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Translational Psychiatry Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, UK; Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
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Milner A, Witt K, LaMontagne AD, Niedhammer I. Psychosocial job stressors and suicidality: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Occup Environ Med 2017; 75:245-253. [PMID: 28851757 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2017-104531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Job stressors are known determinants of common mental disorders. Over the past 10 years, there has been evidence that job stressors may also be risk factors for suicidality. The current paper sought to examine this topic through the first comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature to date. METHODS We used a three-tier search strategy of seven electronic databases. Studies were included if they reported on a job stressor or job-related stress as an exposure and suicide ideation, self-harm, suicide attempt or suicide as an outcome. Two researchers independently screened articles. All extracted effect estimates were converted to log-transformed ORs. RESULTS There were 22 studies that were included in meta-analysis. Overall, exposure to job stressors was associated with elevated risk of suicide ideation and behaviours. The OR for suicide ideation (14 studies) ranged from 1.45 (95% CI 1.01 to 2.08) for poor supervisor and colleague support to 1.91 (95% CI 1.22 to 2.99) for job insecurity. For suicide (six studies), exposure to lower supervisor and collegial support produced an OR of 1.16 (95% CI 0.98 to 1.38), while low job control resulted in an OR of 1.23 (95% CI 1.00 to 1.50). There were only two studies that examined suicide attempt, both of which suggested an adverse effect of exposure to job stressors. CONCLUSIONS This study provides some evidence that job stressors may be related to suicidal outcomes. However, as most studies in the area were cross-sectional and observational in design, there is a need for longitudinal research to assess the robustness of observed associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Milner
- Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Work, Health and Wellbeing Unit, Centre for Population Health Research, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katrina Witt
- Turning Point, Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anthony D LaMontagne
- Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Work, Health and Wellbeing Unit, Centre for Population Health Research, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Isabelle Niedhammer
- INSERM, U1085, Research Institute for Environmental and Occupational Health (IRSET), Epidemiology in Occupational Health and Ergonomics (ESTER) Team, Angers, France.,Epidemiology in Occupational Health and Ergonomics (ESTER) Team, University of Angers, Angers, France
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Nakanishi M, Endo K. National Suicide Prevention, Local Mental Health Resources, and Suicide Rates in Japan. CRISIS 2017; 38:384-392. [PMID: 28748710 DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide rates in Japan are relatively high in OECD countries. A national fund to help local authorities implement suicide prevention programs was launched in 2009. The national suicide prevention project was transferred from the Cabinet Office to the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare on April 2016, with a greater focus on mental health promotion by local governments. AIMS The aim of the present study was to (a) identify local authorities' implementation of suicide prevention programs in terms of local health policies, and (b) examine the associations between local health resources and suicide rates in Japan. METHOD We investigated the types of programs implemented under the fund, and correlations with authorities' sociodemographic characteristics and mental health and welfare resources. RESULTS A majority of authorities implemented general suicide prevention programs. More focused programs addressing issues such as mental health in the workplace, alcohol problems, and attempted suicide were less frequently implemented. There were significantly fewer suicides in health regions with a higher ratio of psychiatrists to residents or a lower ratio of psychiatric beds. LIMITATIONS A causal relationship between suicide rates and characteristics of local authorities cannot be inferred from the data. CONCLUSION A community mental health system that operated in parallel to the current system may result in fewer inpatients and a reduction in Japan's suicide rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miharu Nakanishi
- 1 Mental Health and Nursing Research Team, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaori Endo
- 2 Mental Health Promotion Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Milner A, Maheen H, Currier D, LaMontagne AD. Male suicide among construction workers in Australia: a qualitative analysis of the major stressors precipitating death. BMC Public Health 2017. [PMID: 28629352 PMCID: PMC5477155 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4500-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Suicide rates among those employed in male-dominated professions such as construction are elevated compared to other occupational groups. Thus far, past research has been mainly quantitative and has been unable to identify the complex range of risk and protective factors that surround these suicides. Methods We used a national coronial database to qualitatively study work and non-work related influences on male suicide occurring in construction workers in Australia. We randomly selected 34 cases according to specific sampling framework. Thematic analysis was used to develop a coding structure on the basis of pre-existing theories in job stress research. Results The following themes were established on the basis of mutual consensus: mental health issues prior to death, transient working experiences (i.e., the inability to obtain steady employment), workplace injury and chronic illness, work colleagues as a source of social support, financial and legal problems, relationship breakdown and child custody issues, and substance abuse. Conclusion Work and non-work factors were often interrelated pressures prior to death. Suicide prevention for construction workers needs to take a systematic approach, addressing work-level factors as well as helping those at-risk of suicide Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4500-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Milner
- Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. .,Deakin Population Health Strategic Research Centre, School of Health & Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Humaira Maheen
- Deakin Population Health Strategic Research Centre, School of Health & Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Dianne Currier
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anthony D LaMontagne
- Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Deakin Population Health Strategic Research Centre, School of Health & Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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18
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Psychosocial job stressors and thoughts about suicide among males: a cross-sectional study from the first wave of the Ten to Men cohort. Public Health 2017; 147:72-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Low Control and High Demands at Work as Risk Factors for Suicide: An Australian National Population-Level Case-Control Study. Psychosom Med 2017; 79:358-364. [PMID: 27580270 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous research suggests that psychosocial job stressors may be plausible risk factors for suicide. This study assessed the relationship between psychosocial job stressors and suicide mortality across the Australian population. METHODS We developed a job exposure matrix to objectively measure job stressors across the working population. Suicide data came from a nationwide coronial register. Living controls were selected from a nationally representative cohort study. Incidence density sampling was used to ensure that controls were sampled at the time of death of each case. The period of observation for both cases and controls was 2001 to 2012. We used multilevel logistic regression to assess the odds of suicide in relation to 2 psychosocial job stressors (job control and job demands), after matching for age, sex, and year of death/survey and adjusting for socioeconomic status. RESULTS Across 9,010 cases and 14,007 matched controls, our results suggest that low job control (odds ratio [OR], 1.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26-1.44; p < .001) and high job demands (OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.26-1.46; p < .001) were associated with increased odds of male suicide after adjusting for socioeconomic status. High demands were associated with lower odds of female suicide (OR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.72-0.92; p = .002). CONCLUSIONS It seems that adverse experiences at work are a risk factor for male suicide while not being associated with an elevated risk among females. Future studies on job stressors and suicide are needed, both to further understand the biobehavioral mechanisms explaining the link between job stress and suicide, and to inform targeted prevention initiatives.
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20
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Response to Risk Factors for Suicide Ideation in the Workplace. J Occup Environ Med 2016; 58:e367. [PMID: 27820774 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000000863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Loerbroks A, Cho SI, Dollard MF, Zou J, Fischer JE, Jiang Y, Angerer P, Herr RM, Li J. Associations between work stress and suicidal ideation: Individual-participant data from six cross-sectional studies. J Psychosom Res 2016; 90:62-69. [PMID: 27772561 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Epidemiological evidence suggests that work stress is associated with suicidal ideation (SI). However, only few studies in this area have drawn on well-established theoretical work stress models (i.e., the job-demand-control [JDC] model, the effort-reward-imbalance [ERI] model, and the model of organizational injustice [OJ]). Utilization of such models allows though for theory-based assessments and workplace interventions. Since evidence on those models' relationship with suicide-related outcomes is currently inconclusive (with regard to JDC), markedly sparse (OJ) or lacking (ERI), we aimed to provide additional or initial evidence. METHODS We drew on original data from six cross-sectional studies, which were conducted in four countries (i.e., South Korea, China, Australia, and Germany). Work stress was measured by established questionnaires and was categorized into tertiles. In each study, SI was assessed by either one or two items taken from validated scales. Associations of work stress with SI were estimated for each study and were pooled across studies using multivariate random-effects logistic modeling. RESULTS In the pooled analyses (n=12,422) all three work stress models were significantly associated with SI with odds ratios fluctuating around 2. For instance, the pooled odds ratios for highest versus lowest work stress exposure in terms of job strain, OJ, and ERI equalled 1.91 (95% confidence interval [CI]=1.52, 2.41), 1.98 (95% CI=1.48, 2.65), and 2.77 (95% CI=1.57, 4.88), respectively. Patterns of associations were largely consistent across the individual studies. CONCLUSION Our study provides robust evidence of a positive association between work stress and SI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Loerbroks
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Sung-Il Cho
- Graduate School of Public Health and Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Maureen F Dollard
- Asia Pacific Centre for Work Health and Safety, School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, University of South Australia, Magill Campus, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jianfang Zou
- Shandong Academy for Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Joachim E Fischer
- Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Yueying Jiang
- School of Nursing, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Peter Angerer
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Raphael M Herr
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jian Li
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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23
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Association of Suicidal Ideation with Job Demands and Job Resources: a Large Cross-Sectional Study of Japanese Workers. Int J Behav Med 2016; 23:418-26. [DOI: 10.1007/s12529-016-9534-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Factors Influencing Suicidal Ideation Among Korean Adults by Age: Results of the 2010-2011 Korean Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Community Ment Health J 2015; 51:987-93. [PMID: 25833725 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-015-9863-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Suicidal ideation increases the risk of suicide. This study investigated the age-specific contributions of sociodemographic factors, health status, and health behaviors to suicidal ideation using nationally representative data. The factors associated with suicidal ideation differ by age. Perceived bad health, stress, and depression had a significant influence on suicidal ideation in all age groups, but their specific effects differed in different age groups. The influence of perceived bad health increased with age, and the effect of stress was strongest among those aged 45-64 years. Moreover, the effect of being depressed decreased by age and was strongest among those 20-44 years of age. Disease and marital status did not have a significant effect on suicidal ideation among those 45-64 years old, and education had no effect among those 65 years or older.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the hypothesis that respondents with any of three specific sleep patterns would have a higher likelihood of suicidality than those without reports of these patterns in Korean adolescents. SETTING Data from the 2011-2013 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey were used. PARTICIPANTS 191,642 subjects were included. The survey's target population was students in grades 7 through 12 in South Korea. INDEPENDENT VARIABLE Sleep time. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Suicidal thoughts, plans and attempts. RESULTS The odds of suicidal thoughts in subjects with very short or long time in bed were 1.487-fold higher (95% CI 1.219 to 1.815) or 0.611-fold lower (95% CI 0.460 to 0.811), respectively, than for subjects with 7 h/day in bed; the odds were similar for suicidal plans. The odds of suicidal thoughts in subjects with early or late awakening times were 1.231-fold higher (95% CI 1.050 to 1.442) or 1.528-fold lower (95% CI 1.000 to 2.334), respectively, than for subjects with 7 h/day in bed; these odds were lower for suicidal plans and attempts. The odds of suicidal thoughts in subjects with early bedtime were 1.748-fold higher (95% CI 1.302 to 2.346), the odds of suicidal plans in people with an early bedtime were 2.494-fold higher (95% CI 1.671 to 3.722) and the odds of suicide attempts in subjects with late bedtime were 1.313-fold higher (95% CI 1.005 to 1.716) than for subjects with a bedtime of 23:00. CONCLUSIONS The sleep-related time is associated with suicide-related behaviours in Korean adolescents. Multilateral approaches are needed to identify the greatest risk factors for suicidal behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hyun Kim
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Park
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Gyu Lee
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Hospital Management, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki-Bong Yoo
- Department of Healthcare Management, Eulji University, Sungnam, Korea
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Kato R, Haruyama Y, Endo M, Tsutsumi A, Muto T. Heavy overtime work and depressive disorder among male workers. Occup Med (Lond) 2014; 64:622-8. [PMID: 25258107 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqu120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between overtime and depression is unclear and very few studies have examined the association between heavy overtime work, i.e. working more than 60 h per week, and depression. AIMS To examine the association between heavy overtime work and the onset of depressive disorder among male workers. METHODS A 1-year follow-up cohort study of male workers in a manufacturing company in Japan, between 2008 and 2009. Working hours, depressive disorder, assessed by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale (score ≥16 points), and covariates were measured at baseline and at follow-up. Participants who had depressive disorder at baseline were excluded. RESULTS At follow-up, 1194 participants aged between 18 and 71 years were analysed. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the odds ratio for the new onset of depressive disorder was 4.5 (95% CI 1.8-11.1) times higher for employees working >60 h per week than for those working ≤50 h per week, when adjusted for age, lifestyle factors, work-related characteristics and socio-demographic characteristics at baseline and working hours at follow-up. However, the correlation between working 50.1 to 60 h per week and depressive disorder was not significant. The trend test of depressive disorder among groups by working hours was significant (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Heavy overtime work is a risk factor for the new onset of depressive disorder in this population of male workers. Working >60 h per week may be the cut-off to screen for high-risk groups who need preventive action against depressive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kato
- Department of Public Health, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan,
| | - Y Haruyama
- Department of Public Health, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
| | - M Endo
- Department of Public Health, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
| | - A Tsutsumi
- Department of Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - T Muto
- Department of Public Health, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
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Kakamu T, Tsuji M, Hidaka T, Kumagai T, Hayakawa T, Fukushima T. [Relationship between fatigue recovery after late-night shifts and stress relief awareness]. SANGYO EISEIGAKU ZASSHI = JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2014; 56:116-120. [PMID: 24999024 DOI: 10.1539/sangyoeisei.b13005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the factors related to fatigue accumulation by irregular shift workers after the late-night shift. METHOD We studied employees of a company in the transportation industry in Fukushima prefecture. The company transports passengers, and many employees, including the crew, engage in irregular shift work. We performed the investigation by using a self-administered questionnaire which was sent to 89 employees in October, 2011. Of the 89 who were given the survey, 84 replied, and 52 of those employees had worked the late-night shift (straddling midnight) at least once during September. In answer to the question "How long does it take you to recover after working the late-night-shift?" choices were "I don't feel tired ", "I recover the next day", "I recover in two or three days", and "It takes more than three days". We classified the choices into two groups of: 1) "I don't feel tired" and "I recover the next day", and 2) "I recover in two or three days" and "It takes more than three days". Other questions were asked about age, BMI, weekday average duration of sleep, whether or not a nap was taken before the late-night shift, risk of lifestyle-related diseases (hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes), awareness of life stress accumulation, and exercise habits. RESULTS Thirty-two employees answered that they recovered from the late-night shift by the next day, whereas 20 employees answered that it took more than 2 days to recover after the late-night-shift. The group who answered that recovery time after the late-night shift took more than 2 days significantly (p=0.035) felt that their stress management was insufficient. Age, BMI, weekday average duration of sleep, whether or not a nap was taken before the late-night shifts, risk of lifestyle-related diseases, and exercise habits showed no significant association with fatigue accumulation. The group who answered that their stress management was insufficient significantly chose liquor (p=0.045) and cigarettes (p=0.030) for stress reduction. DISCUSSION In this study, a relationship was recognized between degree of awareness of daily stress relief and fatigue recovery period. In addition, various means of stress relief had different effects, suggesting the need for individualized mental health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeyasu Kakamu
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
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Milner A, Niven H, LaMontagne A. Suicide by occupational skill level in the Australian construction industry: data from 2001 to 2010. Aust N Z J Public Health 2014; 38:281-5. [DOI: 10.1111/1753-6405.12205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Revised: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Allison Milner
- McCaughey VicHealth Centre for Community Wellbeing, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria
| | - Heather Niven
- McCaughey VicHealth Centre for Community Wellbeing, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria
| | - Anthony LaMontagne
- McCaughey VicHealth Centre for Community Wellbeing, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria
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Risk factors of recurrent sickness absence due to depression: a two-year cohort study among Japanese employees. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2014; 88:75-83. [PMID: 24643384 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-014-0939-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Depression has a high recurrence rate among employees. There have been few studies investigating risk factors for recurrent sickness absence due to depression after return to work (RTW). The objective of this study was to identify potential risk factors. METHODS Subjects were 540 full-time employees at the biggest telecommunication company in Japan who returned to work from April 2002 to March 2008 after their first leave of absence due to depression. The Cox proportional hazard model was employed to find risk factors for recurrent sickness absence by analyzing variables including demographic, work-related and work environmental factors. RESULTS Of 540 study subjects, 200 employees (37.0 %) experienced recurrent sickness absence due to depression after RTW within the follow-up period. Higher organizational job demand evaluated by the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire (BJSQ) was found to be a risk factor (OR 1.46, 95 % CI 1.01-2.10) for recurrent sickness absence due to depression adjusted for confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS High organizational job demand (evaluated by BJSQ) is a risk factor for recurrent sickness absence due to depression after RTW.
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Svensson T, Inoue M, Charvat H, Sawada N, Iwasaki M, Sasazuki S, Shimazu T, Yamaji T, Ikeda A, Kawamura N, Mimura M, Tsugane S. Coping behaviors and suicide in the middle-aged and older Japanese general population: the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study. Ann Epidemiol 2014; 24:199-205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2013.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Kodaka M, Matsumoto T, Katsumata Y, Akazawa M, Tachimori H, Kawakami N, Eguchi N, Shirakawa N, Takeshima T. Suicide risk among individuals with sleep disturbances in Japan: a case-control psychological autopsy study. Sleep Med 2014; 15:430-5. [PMID: 24657202 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2013.11.789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This case-control psychological autopsy study aimed to explore a relationship between sleep disturbances and suicide among Japanese, as well as determine the importance and usability of screening for sleep disturbances in suicide prevention. METHODS A semi-structured interview was conducted with the close family members of 49 adult suicide completers and 145 gender-, age-, and residential municipality-matched living controls. The survey included sections on demographics, sleep disturbances, and mental disorders. Conditional logistic regression analyses were performed to compare sleep disturbance prevalence between the two groups. RESULTS A significantly higher prevalence of sleep disturbances was found among the suicide group (75.5%) compared to the controls (11.0%) (odds ratio [OR]=21.6, p<0.001). The association remained significant after adjusting for mental disorders (OR=12.7, p<0.001). The population attributable risk percent of suicide associated with sleep disturbances and mental disorders was estimated to be 56.4% and 35.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The study confirmed that sleep disturbances are an important risk factor of suicide, independent of mental disorders. Sleep disturbances accounted for a greater proportion of suicide cases than did mental disorders in the Japanese population given the higher prevalence, and could thus be considered an important target in suicide prevention in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manami Kodaka
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi, Kodaira-shi, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan.
| | - Toshihiko Matsumoto
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi, Kodaira-shi, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan
| | - Yotaro Katsumata
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi, Kodaira-shi, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan; Department of Child Studies, University of Niigata Prefecture, 471 Ebigase, Higashi-ku, Niigata-shi, Niigata 950-8680, Japan
| | - Masato Akazawa
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi, Kodaira-shi, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan; Hyogo Institute for Traumatic Stress, 1-3-2, Kaigan-dori Wakihama, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-0073, Japan
| | - Hisateru Tachimori
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi, Kodaira-shi, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan
| | - Norito Kawakami
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Nozomi Eguchi
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Norihito Shirakawa
- Mental Health Center of Yokohama, 6F, 18 Nihonodori, Naka-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa 231-0021, Japan
| | - Tadashi Takeshima
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi, Kodaira-shi, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan
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Abstract
Purpose
– To empirically consider work and career as potential influences of suicide.
Design/methodology/approach
– In this qualitative study we conducted in-depth semi-structured interviews with 16 individuals who were survivors (i.e. family members or intimates) of individuals who had committed suicide. Data was analyzed using a grounded theory methodology.
Findings
– This exploratory study used purposive self-determination as the theoretical framework for analyzing their life histories. Factors of purposive self-determination, including lack of purpose, feeling controlled, experiencing failure, and social exclusion all figured prominently but differentially according to life-stage. Distinct work and career themes for early-career, mid-career and late-career suicides emerged. Early-career suicides were attributed to educational or work-related contexts, leading to a sense of hopelessness. Mid-career suicides emphasized despair based in failure. Finally, an attempt to escape from challenges associated with transitioning roles in retirements emerged as a key theme in late-career suicides.
Originality/value
– Although suicide has been studied extensively from medical, psychopathological, sociological, anthropological, philosophical and religious perspectives, there is a dearth of research considering why certain individuals choose to end their own lives as a result of work and career related reasons. This study sought to contribute to our understanding of this under-researched phenomenon. Additionally, while extant careers theory and research has considered positive notions of career such as career success or careers as a calling, this work presents an alternate lens, the consideration of career failure and careers as a sentence.
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Lande RG. Sleep Problems, Posttraumatic Stress, and Mood Disorders Among Active-Duty Service Members. J Osteopath Med 2014; 114:83-9. [DOI: 10.7556/jaoa.2014.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Context: Sleep problems among active-duty service members are pervasive and complicate the recovery from comorbid posttraumatic stress and mood disorders.
Objective: To better understand chronic sleep problems among active-duty service members.
Methods: Medical records for active-duty service members who completed enhanced sleep assessments during an 18-month period beginning in October 2010 at the Walter Reed National Military Medical Centers' Psychiatry Continuity Service were retrospectively reviewed. Sleep assessment measures included the Pittsburgh Insomnia Rating Scale, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale, the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist – Military Version, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, the Pre-Sleep Arousal Scale, and a home sleep study.
Results: A total of 76 records met the study criteria. Twenty-two participants (29%) had an apnea/hypopnea index that suggested mild to moderate sleep apnea. Service members with higher self-reported posttraumatic stress scores also reported a higher degree of both somatic and cognitive factors interfering with sleep initiation. Compared with those who had low self-reported posttraumatic stress scores, service members with high posttraumatic stress scores also had less total sleep time (mean difference, 38 minutes) and higher scores on the apnea/hypopnea index, the respiratory disturbance index, and the oxygen saturation index.
Conclusion: Enhanced sleep assessments that include traditional self-report tests and a home sleep study can help identify previously undiscovered behavioral and respiratory problems among service members, particularly those with higher posttraumatic stress scores.
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Jang SI, Lee KS, Park EC. Relationship between current sleep duration and past suicidal ideation or attempt among Korean adolescents. J Prev Med Public Health 2013; 46:329-35. [PMID: 24349654 PMCID: PMC3859854 DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.2013.46.6.329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To comprehensively examine the relationship between current sleep duration and past suicidal idea or attempt among Korean adolescents. Methods Data came from the 2009 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey with 75 066 participants (with the participation rate of 97.6%) in 800 middle and high schools. Binary logistic regression was conducted by gender and depressed mood to identify significant factors for suicidal ideation/attempt. The dependent variable was the log odds of suicidal ideation/attempt, while the independent/control variables were sleep duration and other demographic, socio-economic and health-related factors. Results A negative association between sleep duration and suicidal ideation or attempt was weaker for those with depressed mood than for those without such experience in Korea for Year 2009. The odds ratio of suicidal ideation/attempt regarding less than 4 hours of sleep compared to 6 to 7 hours of sleep, was smaller in a group with depressed mood than in a group without such experience, for example, 1.64 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.29 to 2.08) vs. 2.06 (95% CI, 1.34 to 3.17) for men's suicidal ideation, 2.50 (95% CI, 1.69 to 3.69) vs. 3.89 (95% CI, 1.74 to 8.66) for men's suicidal attempt. A negative association between age (or self-rated health) and suicidal ideation/attempt was also weaker for those with depressed mood than for those without such experience in the nation for the year. Conclusions There was a negative association between sleep duration and suicidal ideation/attempt in Korea for Year 2009 and this association was weaker for those with depressed mood than for those without such experience. Based on the findings of this study, adolescents' better mental health and longer, more comfortable sleep might help to prevent their suicidal ideation and attempt in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-In Jang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. ; Health Services Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang-Sig Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. ; Health Services Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. ; Health Services Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim JH, Park EC, Cho WH, Park CY, Park JY, Choi WJ, Chang HS. Association between total sleep duration and suicidal ideation among the Korean general adult population. Sleep 2013; 36:1563-72. [PMID: 24082316 DOI: 10.5665/sleep.3058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Examine the association between sleep duration and suicidal ideation in Korean adults. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. SETTING Data obtained by the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey IV (2007-2009) using a rolling sampling design involving a complex, stratified, multistage, and probability-cluster survey of civilian non-institutionalized Korean residents. PARTICIPANTS A total of 15,236 subjects (6,638 males and 8,598 females) ≥ 19 years old. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS The weighted prevalence of self-reported short sleep duration (≤ 5 h/day) was 11.7% in males and 15% in females, and of long sleep duration (≥ 9 h/day) was 6.7% in males and 8.9% in females. A U-shaped relationship existed, with both short and long sleep durations associated with a higher suicidal ideation risk. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between sleep duration and suicidal ideation, adjusting for sociodemographic factors, health behavior, and health status. After controlling for covariates, people with short sleep were 38.1% more likely to have suicidal ideation (OR = 1.381, 95% CI 1.156-1.650) than people with sleep duration of 7 h/day. Suicidal ideation was 1.196 times higher (95% CI: 0.950-1.507) in long-sleeping people than people sleeping 7 h/day, although statistically not significant. Inclusion of depressive mood (a potential confounder) in multiple logistic regression models attenuated but did not eliminate the sleep duration/suicidal ideation association. LIMITATIONS Sleep duration and suicidal ideation were assessed only by self-report. CONCLUSIONS The sleep duration/suicidal ideation relationship is U-shaped in the Korean adult population. Self-reported habitual sleep duration may be a useful behavioral indicator for both individual and societal suicidal ideation risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hyun Kim
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei Univeristy, Seoul, Korea ; Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei Univeristy, Seoul, Korea
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Sugawara N, Yasui-Furukori N, Sasaki G, Tanaka O, Umeda T, Takahashi I, Danjo K, Matsuzaka M, Kaneko S, Nakaji S. Gender differences in factors associated with suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms among middle-aged workers in Japan. INDUSTRIAL HEALTH 2012; 51:202-213. [PMID: 23268835 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.ms1354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess middle-aged Japanese workers for possible gender differences in the risk factors associated with depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation. 5,878 workers (40-60 yr of age) (3,631 males and 2,247 females) were recruited from randomly selected companies in northern Japan. Demographic and lifestyle factors, suicidal ideation rate, and the data for the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire (BJSQ) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies for Depression scale (CES-D) were obtained from the self-report questionnaires. After adjusting for possible confounding variables, marital status, absent of stress reduction technique and low job compatibility were significant independent risk factors for suicidal ideation among males. In females, marital status, feeling of insufficient sleep and absence of stress reduction techniques were significant independent risk factors after adjusting for all variables. Under the same adjustments, temporary employment also showed a protective effect against female suicidal ideation. In conclusion, our results suggest that factors related to suicidal ideation differed by gender. Different approaches for each gender might be useful in the development of suicide prevention programs. However, interpretation of work-related effects, such as temporary employment, interpersonal conflict and transportation industry, was hampered by lack of data concerning personal income, working hours and organizational commitment. Additional studies are needed to examine the longitudinal relationships between the risk factors associated with suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norio Sugawara
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, Japan
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Kumar MB, Walls M, Janz T, Hutchinson P, Turner T, Graham C. Suicidal ideation among Métis adult men and women--associated risk and protective factors: findings from a nationally representative survey. Int J Circumpolar Health 2012; 71:18829. [PMID: 22901287 PMCID: PMC3417687 DOI: 10.3402/ijch.v71i0.18829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Revised: 06/28/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine the prevalence of suicidal ideation among Métis men and women (20–59 years) and identify its associated risk and protective factors using data from the nationally representative Aboriginal Peoples Survey (2006). Study design Secondary analysis of previously collected data from a nationally representative cross-sectional survey. Results Across Canada, lifetime suicidal ideation was reported by an estimated 13.3% (or an estimated 34,517 individuals) of the total population of 20-to-59-year-old Métis. Of those who ideated, 46.2% reported a lifetime suicide attempt and 6.0% indicated that they had attempted suicide in the previous 12 months. Prevalence of suicidal ideation was higher among Métis men than in men who did not report Aboriginal identity in examined jurisdictions. Métis women were more likely to report suicidal ideation compared with Métis men (14.9% vs. 11.5%, respectively). Métis women and men had some common associated risk and protective factors such as major depressive episode, history of self-injury, perceived Aboriginal-specific community issues, divorced status, high mobility, self-rated thriving health, high self-esteem and positive coping ability. However, in Métis women alone, heavy frequent drinking, history of foster care experience and lower levels of social support were significant associated risk factors of suicidal ideation. Furthermore, a significant interaction was observed between social support and major depressive episode. Among Métis men, history of ever smoking was the sole unique associated risk factor. Conclusion The higher prevalence of suicidal ideation among Métis women compared with Métis men and the observed gender differences in associations with some associated risk and protective factors suggest the need for gender-responsive programming to address suicidal ideation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan B Kumar
- Métis Centre, National Aboriginal Health Organization, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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Ohnishi M, Nakao R, Kawasaki R, Nitta A, Hamada Y, Nakane H. Utilization of bar and izakaya-pub establishments among middle-aged and elderly Japanese men to mitigate stress. BMC Public Health 2012; 12:446. [PMID: 22708695 PMCID: PMC3436682 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2011] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Japanese suicide rate is one of the highest among industrialized nations, especially following the economic crisis of the 1990s, with more than 30000 suicides every year since 1998. Previous studies have pointed out to relationships between overwork and/or job stress, and death and other health risks, and suggested several possible avenues for releasing stress and emotional burden, including suicidal ideation, through talking with intimate friends, family, and specialists, such as counselors and physicians. The present study was performed to explore the potential role of owners and managers of bars and izakaya-pub establishments in mitigating stress of middle-aged and elderly Japanese men by having informal conversations with them. A self-administered questionnaire was posted to all bars and izakaya-pubs registered in Ohmura-city, Nagasaki prefecture, in December 2009. Among 260 bars and izakaya-pubs, a total of 103 owners and managers completed the questionnaire. More than half of the respondents experienced engaging in conversations with their customers regarding customers’ various personal and private issues. The most frequently talked about problem was that regarding work (56.3%). Regardless of sex and age of the respondents, those with longer working experience in bar and izakaya-pub establishments were more likely to have had customers confiding in them financial problems including debts/loans (adjusted odds ratio: 5.48, p = 0.033). Owners and managers of bars and izakaya-pubs may be in a position to act as “listeners”, to whom middle-aged and elderly men can talk about their personal problems casually and without having to worry about conflict of interests, and direct those in need to professional counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Ohnishi
- Unit of Rehabilitation Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
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Garcia D, Archer T, Moradi S, Andersson-Arntén AC. Exercise Frequency, High Activation Positive Affect, and Psychological Well-Being: Beyond Age, Gender, and Occupation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/psych.2012.34047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Archer T. Influence of Physical Exercise on Traumatic Brain Injury Deficits: Scaffolding Effect. Neurotox Res 2011; 21:418-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-011-9297-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2011] [Revised: 12/02/2011] [Accepted: 12/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Ueda N, Suda A, Nakagawa M, Nakano H, Umene-Nakano W, Ikenouchi-Sugita A, Hori H, Yoshimura R, Nakamura J. Reliability, validity and clinical utility of a Japanese version of the Social Adaptation Self-evaluation Scale as calibrated using the Beck Depression Inventory. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2011; 65:624-9. [PMID: 22176281 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1819.2011.02274.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM The Social Adaptation Self-evaluation Scale (SASS) was developed to assess the social impairment caused by depression. The purposes of this study were to develop a Japanese version of the SASS (SASS-J) and to evaluate its reliability and validity. METHODS The SASS-J and the 21-item Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were administered to 322 participants (95 working patients who were working while under treatment for depression, 99 non-working patients who were absent from their work due to depression, and 128 healthy controls). The healthy controls underwent both questionnaires twice, at baseline and 2 weeks later, in order to assess test-retest reliability. RESULTS Cronbach's alpha was 0.81. Significance correlations were found between SASS-J scores at baseline and 2 weeks later in healthy controls (R = 0.845, P < 0.001). There were negative correlations between the SASS-J and BDI scores (ρ = -0.683, P < 0.001). Mean SASS-J scores differed significantly among the three groups (working patients: 33.7 ± 7.9; non-working patients: 25.2 ± 7.8; healthy controls: 36.1 ± 6.0 [mean ± SD]). The best compromise between the true positive and the false negative rate in this study was at a cut-off point of 25/26. CONCLUSION SASS-J showed sufficient reliability and validity, and could be considered a suitable instrument to evaluate social functioning in depressive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhisa Ueda
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.
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Takusari E, Suzuki M, Nakamura H, Otsuka K. Mental health, suicidal ideation, and related factors among workers from medium-sized business establishments in northern Japan: comparative study of sex differences. INDUSTRIAL HEALTH 2011; 49:452-463. [PMID: 21697623 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.ms1251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A questionnaire survey was conducted among 3,233 workers (2,442 males and 791 females) from 17 medium-sized business establishments in northern Japan with respect to GHQ-12 score, suicidal ideation, sociodemographic characteristics, work-associated factors, and attitude toward mental health resources. Sex differences were assessed for each questionnaire item, and logistic regression analyses were performed separately for males and females. Significant correlations between common mental disorder (CMD: GHQ-12 score≥3) and the following factors were found for both sexes: short sleep, irregular working schedule, working in specific businesses, and attitude toward mental health resources. Associations between CMD and excess workload were significant only in male workers. While correlations between suicidal ideation and demand for mental health resources were observed in both sexes, significant correlations were observed between suicidal ideation and use of mental health resources for female workers alone. These results suggest that screening of a high-risk population and provision of mental health resources contribute to suicide prevention as a part of mental health promotion measures in medium-sized business establishments. They also suggest the need for identification of business/job type-specific stressors while considering sex differences in lifestyle factors, working environment, and help-seeking behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Takusari
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 19–1 Uchimaru, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
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Inoue K, Fukunaga T, Okazaki Y, Ono Y. Report on suicidal trends in persons aged 60 or over in Japan: the need for effective prevention measures. MEDICINE, SCIENCE, AND THE LAW 2011; 51:32-35. [PMID: 21595419 DOI: 10.1258/msl.2010.010068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In Japan, the suicide rate has remained high since 1998, and effective suicide prevention measures that can bring about an immediate decrease in suicides are needed now. Specific suicide prevention measures must be based on the results of detailed research into the trends and causative factors of suicide. In the present study, we investigated the number of suicides and the proportion of causative factors in persons aged 60 or over compared with the total number of suicides in Japan from 1999 to 2005. We also discussed the causative factors of suicide among men and women aged 60 or over in detail. During the period from 1999 to 2005, the proportion of the number of suicides in persons aged 60 or over to the total number of suicides changed from 28.9% to 31.1% among men and from 42.5% to 45.9% among women. The most common causative factor was 'health problems' among both men and women, and the second most common cause was 'economic and life problems' among men. 'Family problems' was one of the major causative factors among both men and women. Therefore, more attention needs to be paid to persons aged 60 or over with regard to these factors in particular. Professionals and organizations involved in suicide prevention must work cooperatively to prevent suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Inoue
- Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi 470-1192, Japan.
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François S, Garré JB, Guiho-Bailly MP, François A, Bertin C, Bodin J, Gohier B, Roquelaure Y. Étude exploratoire des caractéristiques professionnelles d'un échantillon de suicidants hospitalisés. SANTE PUBLIQUE 2011. [DOI: 10.3917/spub.112.0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Wang LJ, Chen CK, Hsu SC, Lee SY, Wang CS, Yeh WY. Active job, healthy job? Occupational stress and depression among hospital physicians in Taiwan. INDUSTRIAL HEALTH 2010; 49:173-184. [PMID: 21173533 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.ms1209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the levels and association of occupational stress and depression rate among physicians, and to compare physicians' occupational stress with that of Taiwanese employees in other occupations. The subjects were physicians employed at 14 participating regional hospitals in the Around Taiwan Health Care Alliance. Self-administered questionnaires capturing data on demographics, occupational characteristics, occupational stress measured using Job Content Questionnaire (C-JCQ), and health status measured using Taiwanese Depression Questionnaire (TDQ) were sent to eligible physicians. Results revealed that the depression rate (13.3%) was higher than that found in the general population (3.7%) of Taiwan. The mean scores of the JCQ dimensions "work demands" and "job control" were both much higher than those in most occupations in Taiwan. Higher depression scores were found in subjects with higher work demands, 8-10 d of being on duty per month, and more frequent alcohol consumption, while lower depression scores were found in subjects working in the east Taiwan area, with higher job control and with greater workplace social support. On the other hand, gender, smoking, and working hour were not independently correlated with depression, but the interaction of gender and job control also had an independent effect on depression. This study suggests that job stress plays an important role in depression in physicians; it is necessary to pay attention to physicians at high risk of depression, as well as their work environments, for early detection and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Jen Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
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