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Nakamura R, Oyagi S, Katsuno T, Kishimoto Y, Omori K. Microscopic observation of human airway ciliary movement using wheat germ agglutinin. Methods Cell Biol 2022; 175:33-43. [PMID: 36967144 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2022.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Ciliated cells in the airway epithelium generate mucus streams to remove extraneous particles and microorganisms by beating the motile cilia. This defense mechanism is crucial for maintaining homeostasis and preventing infection in the airway. Conventional methods to assess ciliary beating have revealed that rapid (>10 times per second) and metachronal beating of cilia enables efficient mucus transport. Cilia are oriented to excrete mucus toward the outside of the body. However, conventional methods to directly observe ciliary movements uses transmitted light, which requires translucent samples. Sliced or fragmented tissues are used to observe ciliary movements in thick human airway tissues. Therefore, conventional methods are unsuitable for assessing in situ orientation of ciliary movements. The orientation of ciliary beating can be indirectly analyzed by tracking particles spread onto the epithelium; however, the particles are not efficiently transported by immature cilia. To address this issue, we developed a method for labeling airway motile cilia with fluorescently labeled wheat germ agglutinin (FL-WGA). The new method enables microscopic observation of ciliary movements without slicing or fragmenting the airway tissues. Since the airway epithelium is observed from the apical side, in situ orientation of ciliary beating can be analyzed using this method. Additionally, epithelial damage, and the number and maturity of cilia can be assessed during the observation of ciliary beating. The new method, in combination with other methods, can provide more comprehensive data regarding ciliary movements.
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Kuek LE, Griffin P, Martinello P, Graham AN, Kalitsis P, Robinson PJ, Mackay GA. Identification of an Immortalized Human Airway Epithelial Cell Line with Dyskinetic Cilia. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2019; 59:375-382. [PMID: 29481304 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2017-0188oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary ciliary dyskinesia is an inherited, currently incurable condition. In the respiratory system, primary ciliary dyskinesia causes impaired functioning of the mucociliary escalator, leading to nasal congestion, cough, and recurrent otitis media, and commonly progresses to cause more serious and permanent damage, including hearing deficits, chronic sinusitis, and bronchiectasis. New treatment options for the condition are thus necessary. In characterizing an immortalized human bronchial epithelial cell line (BCi-NS1.1) grown at an air-liquid interface to permit differentiation, we have identified that these cells have dyskinetic motile cilia. The cells had a normal male karyotype, and phenotypic markers of epithelial cell differentiation emerged, as previously shown. Ciliary beat frequency (CBF) as assessed by high-speed videomicroscopy was lower than normal (4.4 Hz). Although changes in CBF induced by known modulators were as expected, the cilia displayed a dyskinetic, circular beat pattern characteristic of central microtubular agenesis with outer doublet transposition. This ultrastructural defect was confirmed by electron microscopy. We propose that the BCi-NS1.1 cell line is a useful model system for examination of modulators of CBF and more specifically could be used to screen for novel drugs with the ability to enhance CBF and perhaps repair a dyskinetic ciliary beat pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Eon Kuek
- 1 Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, and.,2 Lung Health Research Centre, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul Griffin
- 3 Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Diagnostic Service and.,4 Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Alison N Graham
- 4 Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul Kalitsis
- 5 Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; and.,4 Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Philip J Robinson
- 3 Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Diagnostic Service and.,5 Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; and.,4 Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Graham A Mackay
- 1 Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, and.,2 Lung Health Research Centre, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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TNF α Affects Ciliary Beat Response to Increased Viscosity in Human Pediatric Airway Epithelium. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:3628501. [PMID: 28025644 PMCID: PMC5153504 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3628501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In airway epithelium, mucociliary clearance (MCC) velocity depends on the ciliary beat frequency (CBF), and it is affected by mucus viscoelastic properties. Local inflammation induces secretion of cytokines (TNFα) that can alter mucus viscosity; however airway ciliated cells have an autoregulatory mechanism to prevent the collapse of CBF in response to increase in mucus viscosity, mechanism that is associated with an increment in intracellular Ca+2 level ([Ca2+]i). We studied the effect of TNFα on the autoregulatory mechanism that regulates CBF in response to increased viscosity using dextran solutions, in ciliated cells cultured from human pediatric epithelial adenoid tissue. Cultures were treated with TNFα, before and after the viscous load was changed. TNFα treatment produced a significantly larger decrease in CBF in cultures exposed to dextran. Furthermore, an increment in [Ca2+]i was observed, which was significantly larger after TNFα treatment. In conclusion, although TNFα has deleterious effects on ciliated cells in response to maintaining CBF after increasing viscous loading, it has a positive effect, since increasing [Ca2+]i may prevent the MCC collapse. These findings suggest that augmented levels of TNFα associated with an inflammatory response of the nasopharyngeal epithelium may have dual effects that contribute to maintaining the effectiveness of MCC in the upper airways.
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Workman AD, Cohen NA. The effect of drugs and other compounds on the ciliary beat frequency of human respiratory epithelium. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2015; 28:454-64. [PMID: 25514481 DOI: 10.2500/ajra.2014.28.4092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cilia in the human respiratory tract play a critical role in clearing mucus and debris from the airways. Their function can be affected by a number of drugs or other substances, many of which alter ciliary beat frequency (CBF). This has implications for diseases of the respiratory tract and nasal drug delivery. This article is a systematic review of the literature that examines 229 substances and their effect on CBF. METHODS MEDLINE was the primary database used for data collection. Eligibility criteria based on experimental design were established, and 152 studies were ultimately selected. Each individual trial for the substances tested was noted whenever possible, including concentration, time course, specific effect on CBF, and source of tissue. RESULTS There was a high degree of heterogeneity between the various experiments examined in this article. Substances and their general effects (increase, no effect, decrease) were grouped into six categories: antimicrobials and antivirals, pharmacologics, human biological products, organisms and toxins, drug excipients, and natural compounds/other manipulations. CONCLUSION Organisms, toxins, and drug excipients tend to show a cilioinhibitory effect, whereas substances in all other categories had mixed effects. All studies examined were in vitro experiments, and application of the results in vivo is confounded by several factors. The data presented in this article should be useful in future respiratory research and examination of compounds for therapeutic and drug delivery purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan D Workman
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Uz U, Chen B, Palmer JN, Cingi C, Unlu H, Cohen NA. Effects of thymoquinone and montelukast on sinonasal ciliary beat frequency. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2015; 28:122-5. [PMID: 24717949 DOI: 10.2500/ajra.2014.28.4010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herbal remedies predate written history and continue to be used more frequently than conventional pharmaceutical medications. Thymoquinone (TQ) is a traditional herb that has been used for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and chemopreventive effects. Montelukast is a conventional medication used to treat allergic rhinitis and asthma. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of TQ and montelukast on human respiratory epithelium specifically addressing effects on cilia beat frequency (CBF). METHODS Well-differentiated human sinonasal epithelial cultures, grown at an air-liquid interface were treated with varying concentrations of TQ and montelukast. Changes in CBF were determined using the Sissons-Ammons Video Analysis system. RESULTS When applied to the basolateral surface, TQ showed a statistically significant dose-dependent increase in CBF with maximal stimulation at 30 minutes. Effects of montelukast on CBF showed both time and dose dependence with maximal stimulatory effect measured at 6 hours. CONCLUSION The results of our study indicate that TQ and montelukast have dose-dependent effects on CBF, extending their mechanism of action in respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzdan Uz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Yalvac Public Hospital, Isparta, Turkey
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Caswell JL. Failure of respiratory defenses in the pathogenesis of bacterial pneumonia of cattle. Vet Pathol 2013; 51:393-409. [PMID: 24021557 DOI: 10.1177/0300985813502821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The respiratory system is well defended against inhaled bacteria by a dynamic system of interacting layers, including mucociliary clearance, host defense factors including antimicrobial peptides in the epithelial lining fluid, proinflammatory responses of the respiratory epithelium, resident alveolar macrophages, and recruited neutrophils and monocytes. Nevertheless, these manifold defenses are susceptible to failure as a result of stress, glucocorticoids, viral infections, abrupt exposure to cold air, and poor air quality. When some of these defenses fail, the lung can be colonized by bacterial pathogens that are equipped to evade the remaining defenses, resulting in the development of pneumonia. This review considers the mechanisms by which these predisposing factors compromise the defenses of the lung, with a focus on the development of bacterial pneumonia in cattle and supplemented with advances based on mouse models and the study of human disease. Deepening our understanding of how the respiratory defenses fail is expected to lead to interventions that restore these dynamic immune responses and prevent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Caswell
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
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Fowler CJ, Olivier KN, Leung JM, Smith CC, Huth AG, Root H, Kuhns DB, Logun C, Zelazny A, Frein CA, Daub J, Haney C, Shelhamer JH, Bryant CE, Holland SM. Abnormal nasal nitric oxide production, ciliary beat frequency, and Toll-like receptor response in pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial disease epithelium. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2013; 187:1374-81. [PMID: 23593951 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201212-2197oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial (PNTM) disease has increased over the past several decades, especially in older women. Despite extensive investigation, no consistent immunological abnormalities have been found. Using evidence from diseases such as cystic fibrosis and primary ciliary dyskinesia, in which mucociliary dysfunction predisposes subjects to high rates of nontuberculous mycobacterial disease that increase with age, we investigated correlates of mucociliary function in subjects with PNTM infections and healthy control subjects. OBJECTIVES To define ex vivo characteristics of PNTM disease. METHODS From 2009 to 2012, 58 subjects with PNTM infections and 40 control subjects were recruited. Nasal nitric oxide (nNO) was determined at the time of respiratory epithelial collection. Ciliary beat frequency at rest and in response to Toll-like receptor (TLR) and other agonists was determined using high-speed video microscopy. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS We found decreased nNO production, abnormally low resting ciliary beat frequency, and abnormal responses to agonists of TLR2, -3, -5, -7/8, and -9 in subjects with PNTM compared with healthy control subjects. The low ciliary beat frequency in subjects with PNTM was normalized ex vivo by augmentation of the NO-cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway without normalization of their TLR agonist responses. CONCLUSIONS Impaired nNO, ciliary beat frequency, and TLR responses in PNTM disease epithelium identify possible underlying susceptibility mechanisms as well as possible avenues for directed investigation and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cedar J Fowler
- Immunopathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892-1684, USA
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Shen JC, Chen B, Cohen NA. Keratinocyte chemoattractant (interleukin-8) regulation of sinonasal cilia function in a murine model. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2011; 2:75-9. [DOI: 10.1002/alr.20087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2011] [Revised: 06/10/2011] [Accepted: 07/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Elliott MK, Sisson JH, West WW, Wyatt TA. Differential in vivo effects of whole cigarette smoke exposure versus cigarette smoke extract on mouse ciliated tracheal epithelium. Exp Lung Res 2006; 32:99-118. [PMID: 16754475 PMCID: PMC2092449 DOI: 10.1080/01902140600710546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study the authors compared the affect of vapor phase cigarette smoke (CS) versus cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on the lungs and upper airway of C57BL/6 mice. The authors found that CSE treatment significantly increased neutrophil influx (P < .001), baseline ciliary beat frequency (CBF) (P < .05), and protein kinase C activity compared to CS and controls. Isoproterenol increased CBF with CS exposure, but decreased CBF with CSE (P < .01). Isoproterenol increased protein kinase A (PKA) activity in all groups except CSE. CSE exposure induced inflammatory cell bronchiolitis. These data indicate that CSE exposure has differential effects on the lungs and tracheal epithelium compared to CS exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret K Elliott
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Section, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5300, USA
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Takamura Y, Fatma N, Kubo E, Singh DP. Regulation of heavy subunit chain of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase by tumor necrosis factor-alpha in lens epithelial cells: role of LEDGF/p75. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2006; 290:C554-66. [PMID: 16403949 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00398.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
TNF-alpha induces oxidative stress by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). This molecule elevates the expression of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase heavy subunit (gamma-GCS-HS). Lens epithelium-derived growth factor (LEDGF)/p75, a transcriptional protein, is inducible by oxidative stress and protects cells from various stresses by upregulating stress-responsive genes. This paper presents evidence that TNF-alpha elevates the expression of LEDGF and that LEDGF is one of the transactivators of gamma-GCS-HS gene. An analysis of the gamma-GCS-HS promoter sequence (-819 to +518 nt) revealed the presence of putative sites for LEDGF binding. Gel mobility assay confirmed the binding of LEDGF to the heat shock element (nGAAn) and the stress response element (A/TGGGGA/T) present in gamma-GCS-HS promoter. Transactivation experiments showed activation of gamma-GCS-HS promoter in cells overexpressing LEDGF or treated with a sublethal dose of TNF-alpha (20 ng/ml). Downregulation of gamma-GCS-HS promoter activity in cells transfected with LEDGF small interfering RNA validated the finding. Notably, cells treated with TNF-alpha (20 ng/ml) for 24 h had an increased abundance of LEDGF and gamma-GCS-HS mRNA and protein. In contrast, cells treated with TNF-alpha for longer periods or with higher concentrations of TNF-alpha showed reduced expression of LEDGF and gamma-GCS-HS and increased cellular death with higher ROS levels. Cells overexpressing LEDGF revealed elevated GSH levels (10-15%), a condition that may potentially eliminate the insult to cells induced by TNF-alpha. Thus TNF-alpha regulation of LEDGF may be physiologically important, as elevated expression of LEDGF increases the expression of endogenous gamma-GCS-HS gene, the catalytic subunit of the regulating enzyme in GSH biosynthesis that may constitute a protective mechanism in limiting oxidative stress induced by inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Takamura
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5840, USA
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Choi JY, Kim JY, Kim CW, Ho JS, Lee KD, Yoo JB, Ahn YE, Yoon JH. IL-1beta promotes the ciliogenesis of human middle ear epithelial cells: possible linkage with the expression of mucin gene 8. Acta Otolaryngol 2005; 125:260-5. [PMID: 15966694 DOI: 10.1080/00016480410022985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that IL-1beta, increases ciliogenesis in NHMEE cells and that MUC8 protein may play a role in this process. OBJECTIVES The morphology of the middle ear epithelium changes under various pathologic conditions. We compared the density of ciliated cells and the level of mucin gene 8 (MUC8) mRNA in the middle ear epithelial cells of mucoid otitis media (MOM) patients with those of normal controls. We also investigated the effect of IL-1beta on the ciliogenesis and expression of MUC8 mRNA in cultured normal human middle ear epithelial (NHMEE) cells. In addition, we localized the MUC8 protein in cultured NHMEE cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS The surface morphology of NHMEE cells was examined using scanning electron microscopy. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was performed to determine the level of MUC8 mRNA expression. After synthesis of MUC8 polyclonal antibody, we performed immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS The density of ciliated cells was increased in the middle ear epithelium of both MOM patients and IL-1beta-treated cultures. Similarly, the expression of MUC8 was increased in both cases. MUC8 antibody was primarily stained on the ciliated cells of NHMEE cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Young Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
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Alberty J, August C, Stoll W, Rudack C. The effect of endogenous nitric oxide on cholinergic ciliary stimulation of human nasal mucosa. Laryngoscope 2004; 114:1642-7. [PMID: 15475797 DOI: 10.1097/00005537-200409000-00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Endogenous nitric oxide (NO) production by inducible nitric oxide synthase is enhanced in the nasal ciliated respiratory tract epithelium of patients with allergic rhinitis. Recent experimental data have suggested endogenous NO to be strongly involved in the complex regulation of ciliary activity, the driving force of the mucociliary transport system. The authors investigated the effect of endogenous NO on acetylcholine-stimulated ciliary activity of human nasal mucosa. STUDY DESIGN In vitro study. METHODS Cultures of human nasal mucosa explants were incubated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha and bacterial lipopolysaccharides to enhance endogenous NO production. Expression of inducible NO synthase was morphologically demonstrated by immunohistochemistry. Ciliary beat frequency was determined by phase-contrast microscopy of ciliated epithelium, using a computerized photoelectric technique. Stimulation experiments were performed in vitro with acetylcholine and N(G)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), a NO synthase inhibitor. RESULTS Upregulation of inducible NO synthase in the respiratory tract epithelium after stimulation with tumor necrosis factor-alpha and lipopolysaccharide was visualized by immunohistochemical analysis. Experimental inhibition of enhanced endogenous NO production by 10 mol/L L-NAME significantly reduced baseline ciliary beat frequency from 8.6 +/- 0.2 to 7.8 +/- 0.2 Hz (P < .05). Cholinergic ciliary stimulation above baseline by 10 mol/L acetylcholine was not significantly different before (11.5%) or after (10.8%) blocking of endogenous NO production. CONCLUSION Taken together, the study results suggest that baseline ciliary activity depends on endogenous NO production but that the extent of cholinergic ciliary stimulation is independent of endogenous NO production. The combination of the two effects may improve nasal mucociliary clearance of inhaled allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Alberty
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
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Laoukili J, Perret E, Willems T, Minty A, Parthoens E, Houcine O, Coste A, Jorissen M, Marano F, Caput D, Tournier F. IL-13 alters mucociliary differentiation and ciliary beating of human respiratory epithelial cells. J Clin Invest 2001; 108:1817-24. [PMID: 11748265 PMCID: PMC209466 DOI: 10.1172/jci13557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In animal models of asthma, interleukin-13 (IL-13) induces goblet cell metaplasia, eosinophil infiltration of the bronchial mucosa, and bronchial hyperreactivity, but the basis of its effects on airway epithelia remain unknown. Lesions of the epithelial barrier, frequently observed in asthma and other chronic lung inflammatory diseases, are repaired through proliferation, migration, and differentiation of epithelial cells. An inflammatory process may then, therefore, influence epithelial regeneration. We have thus investigated the effect of IL-13 on mucociliary differentiation of human nasal epithelial cells in primary culture. We show that IL-13 alters ciliated cell differentiation and increases the proportion of secretory cells. IL-13 downregulates the actin-binding protein ezrin and other cytoskeletal components. IL-13 also impairs lateral cell contacts and interferes with the apical localization of ezrin seen in differentiated ciliated cells. In addition, an IL-4 antagonistic mutant protein (Y124D), which binds to the IL-4 receptor alpha subunit, a common chain of IL-4 and IL-13 receptors, inhibits IL-13's effects. IL-13 also decreases ciliary beat frequency in a time- and dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that, in human allergic asthmatic responses, IL-13 affects both ciliated and secretory cell differentiation, leading to airway damage and obstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Laoukili
- Laboratoire de Cytophysiologie et Toxicologie Cellulaire, Université Paris 7, Paris, France
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Laoukili J, Perret E, Willems T, Minty A, Parthoens E, Houcine O, Coste A, Jorissen M, Marano F, Caput D, Tournier F. IL-13 alters mucociliary differentiation and ciliary beating of human respiratory epithelial cells. J Clin Invest 2001. [DOI: 10.1172/jci200113557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Rhee CS, Kim DY, Won TB, Lee HJ, Park SW, Kwon TY, Lee CH, Min YG. Changes of nasal function after temperature-controlled radiofrequency tissue volume reduction for the turbinate. Laryngoscope 2001; 111:153-8. [PMID: 11192885 DOI: 10.1097/00005537-200101000-00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Temperature-controlled and temperature-monitored radiofrequency tissue volume reduction (RFTVR) for the turbinate is a new treatment modality for nasal obstruction secondary to turbinate hypertrophy. We compared the nasal functions after the treatment ofRFTVR and laser vaporizing turbinoplasty (LVT) using subjective symptom scores and objective tests. STUDY DESIGN Prospective, randomized clinical trial. METHODS Twenty-four patients with nasal obstruction secondary to inferior turbinate hypertrophy were prospectively evaluated from March 1999 to October 1999 at Seoul National University Hospital (Seoul, Korea). Sixteen patients were treated with RFTVR, and eight patients with LVT. The preoperative and postoperative nasal functions were investigated by visual analogue scale of symptoms, butanol threshold test, saccharine test, acoustic rhinometry, rhinomanometry, and ciliary beat frequency. RESULTS At 8 weeks postoperatively, the severity and the frequency of nasal obstruction improved subjectively in 81.3% and 93.8% of RFTVR group and in 87.5% and 87.5% of LVT group, respectively. Significant improvement of nasal symptoms began from 2 to 3 days after the operation in the RFTVR group, whereas there was significant improvement of nasal symptoms at 8 weeks after operation in the LVT group. However, objective nasal functions including nasal volume and total nasal resistance were significantly improved at 8 weeks after surgery in both groups. Among patients reporting symptoms of hyposmia, 55.6% of RFTVR group and 63.6% of LVT group showed improved olfaction. Saccharin transit time and ciliary beat frequency were preserved after RFTVR CONCLUSION: RFTVR for the turbinate may be useful as an alternative approach for the treatment of chronic turbinate hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Rhee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea
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