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Wogonin attenuates nasal polyp formation by inducing eosinophil apoptosis through HIF-1α and survivin suppression. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6201. [PMID: 29670184 PMCID: PMC5906673 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24356-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is an inflammatory sinonasal disorder characterized by eosinophilic inflammation and T-helper 2 skewing. Eosinophil accumulation in sinonasal mucosa comprises a major feature of CRSwNP. The study aimed to investigate the effect of the flavone wogonin in nasal polyposis by assessing its ability to induce eosinophil apoptosis in vitro and attenuate eosinophilic CRSwNP in mice. Double immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and immunoblotting were performed to evaluate hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, survivin, and apoptotic markers in the human eosinophilic EoL-1 cell line or sinonasal tissues from patients with CRS with or without NPs. In sinonasal specimens from patients with CRS, HIF-1α and survivin were up-regulated in eosinophils from patients with NPs compared with levels in patients without NPs. Under hypoxia, HIF-1α and survivin expression was up-regulated in EoL-1 cells. Wogonin down-regulated both HIF-1α and survivin in EoL-1 cells. In addition, overexpression of survivin protected EoL-1 cells against apoptosis in response to wogonin. Moreover, wogonin attenuated nasal polyp formation in a murine model. Our findings suggest that wogonin could induce caspase-3 activation by suppressing HIF-1α and survivin expression in EoL-1 cells. Further studies regarding novel therapeutic options for CRSwNP targeting eosinophil apoptosis are needed.
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Ho J, Bailey M, Zaunders J, Mrad N, Sacks R, Sewell W, Harvey RJ. Cellular comparison of sinus mucosa vs polyp tissue from a single sinus cavity in chronic rhinosinusitis. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2014; 5:14-27. [PMID: 25332132 DOI: 10.1002/alr.21417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nasal polyposis is a common development in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), and sinus mucosa and polyp tissue have been used interchangeably in studies investigating CRS. However, potential differences may exist between these 2 tissue types, which have not been entirely characterized. METHODS A cross-sectional study of CRS with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery was conducted. Sinus mucosal biopsies and corresponding polyp tissue were obtained from the same sinus cavity via flow cytometry, single-cell suspensions identified type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), CD4 and CD8 T cells, activated CD4 and CD8 T cells, plasma cells, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), regulatory T cells, T follicular helper cells, B cells, and immunoglobulin A (IgA)(+) and IgG(+) B cells. Cells were measured as a percentage of CD45(+) cells. Paired nonparametric comparisons between sinus and polyp tissue were performed. RESULTS Ten patients (50% female; age 48 ± 16 years) were recruited. Significantly elevated ILC2 levels were found in polyp tissue compared to sinus mucosa (0.12 [0.07 to 0.23] vs 0.07 [0.04 to 0.16], p = 0.02), as well as plasma cells (2.25 [0.84 to 3.68] vs 1.18 [0.74 to 2.41], p = 0.01); pDCs (0.15 [0.12 to 0.50[ vs 0.04 [0.02 to 0.17], p = 0.03); activated CD8 T cells (29.22 [17.60 to 41.43] vs 16.32 [10.07 to 36.16], p = 0.04) and IgG(+) B cells (6.96 [0.06 to 11.82] vs 1.51 [0.38 to 5.13], p = 0.04). Other cell populations showed no significant differences. CONCLUSION Polyps have a similar cellular composition to that of mucosa. Higher levels of ILC2s, plasma cells, pDCs, activated CD8 T cells, and IgG(+) B cells in polyp tissue may be reflective of cell populations driving nasal polyp development. The cellular machinery of CRS is present in polyps and representative of the disease process. This pilot study strongly suggests that a larger study would provide significant insights into the relationship of sinus mucosa to pathogenesis of nasal polyps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Ho
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Rhinology and Skull Base Research Group, St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Fruth K, Schramek E, Docter D, Haxel BR, Schneider A, Mann WJ, Brieger J. Dysregulated survivin expression in nasal polyps of individuals with aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2013; 26:380-4. [PMID: 23168152 DOI: 10.2500/ajra.2012.26.3802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A derailed balance of cell proliferation and apoptosis is presumed to result in cell hyperplasia as a typical feature of nasal polyps. Survivin, a protein of the inhibitors of the apoptosis family is proposed to promote polyp formation. However, studies concerning survivin expression in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyps are rare and the specificity of the survivin expression in nasal polyps from individuals with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) has not been investigated. METHODS Immunohistochemical survivin expression analysis was performed. Samples were taken from the ethmoid sinus of individuals with CRS with nasal polyps with and without AERD during sinus surgery and control specimens of the inferior turbinate from individuals without CRS. Cell cultures were stimulated with recombinant vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF(165)) and the resulting survivin expression was analyzed by Western blot. RESULTS The survivin expression of 61 specimens was analyzed by quantitative immunohistochemistry and a potential VEGF-dependant stimulation of survivin in cell cultures was investigated. The survivin expression in nasal polyps from individuals with AERD was increased compared with the controls (median, 1194 versus 927 arbitrary units [A.U.]; p = 0.054). Western blot analysis revealed in vitro a VEGF-dependant regulation of survivin in nasal polyps from individuals without AERD, but not in those with AERD (p = 0.05). CONCLUSION Enhanced survivin expression might result in decreased apoptosis and cellular hyperplasia as a part of the largely unknown pathophysiology of nasal polyp formation. Furthermore, we hypothesize a pathological, VEGF-independent constitutive survivin expression in nasal polyps of individuals with AERD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Fruth
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
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Tian P, Sun Y, Li Y, Liu X, Wan L, Li J, Ma Y, Xu A, Fu Y, Zou H. A global analysis of tandem 3'UTRs in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. PLoS One 2012. [PMID: 23185289 PMCID: PMC3501494 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alternative polyadenylation (APA) is emerging as a widespread mechanism of gene regulation. The usage of APA sites allows a single gene to encode multiple mRNA transcripts with different 3′-untranslated region (3′UTR) lengths. Many disease processes reflect the importance of the regulation of APA site switching. The objective of this study was to explore the profiling of tandem APA sites in nasal polyps compared with nasal uncinate process mucosa. Methods Sequencing of APA sites (SAPAS) based on second-generation sequencing technology was undertaken to investigate the use of tandem APA sites and identify gene expression patterns in samples from the nasal polyps and nasal uncinate process mucosa of two patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. The findings of the SAPAS analysis were validated via quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results First, the results showed a switching of 3′UTR lengths in nasal polyps compared with nasal uncinate process mucosa. From the two patients, 105 genes that were detected in both patients in the nasal polyps were switched to distal poly(A) sites, and 90 such genes were switched to proximal poly(A) sites. Several Gene Ontology terms were enriched in the list of genes with switched APA sites, including transcription regulation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and metabolism. Second, we detected genes that showed differential expression with at least a 3-fold difference between nasal polyp tissue and nasal uncinate process mucosa. Between the two sample types, 627 genes exhibited differential expression. The qRT-PCR results confirmed our SAPAS results. Conclusion APA site-switching events of 3′UTRs are prevalent in nasal polyp tissue, and the regulation of gene expression mediated by APA may play an important role in the formation and persistence of nasal polyps. Our results may provide new insights into the possible pathophysiologic processes involved in nasal polyps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Tian
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yu Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yuxin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Liang Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yun Ma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Anlong Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yonggui Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (YF); (HZ)
| | - Hua Zou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (YF); (HZ)
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Nasal polyposis represents the end point of multiple inflammatory pathways and controversy continues as to the exact roles of medical and surgical approaches in the management of nasal polyposis. METHODS A combination of both is often required to manage polyps adequately with surgery and intranasal steroids remaining the mainstay of therapy. RESULTS Fortunately, new technological advances are making surgery safer and more efficient. In the postoperative period, debridement is effective in reducing the formation of adhesions, and topical medications may play a beneficial role in preventing polyp reformation. CONCLUSION Additional investigations into the optimal perioperative medical management is needed to ensure optimal surgical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rony K Aouad
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, USA
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Deroee AF, Oweinah J, Naraghi M, Hosemann W, Athari B, Völker U, Scharf C. Regression of Polypoid Nasal Mucosa after Systemic Corticosteroid Therapy: A Proteomics Study. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2009; 23:480-5. [DOI: 10.2500/ajra.2009.23.3385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Nasal polyposis (NP) treatment and pathophysiology have always been challenging for otolaryngologists. Among the medical treatments for NP, glucocorticoids (GCs) have been always one of the mainstays but the mechanisms of their action are not well defined. Identifying and comparing the protein profile of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with NP before and after treatment with GCs can help to clarify NP pathogenesis and mechanisms of corticosteroid effects on NP. Methods Samples of nasal polyps were taken from selected NP patients in workup for endoscopic sinus surgery. None of the patients used local or systemic GCs within 30 days before the sampling. The patients were given prednisone, 30 mg/day, for 4 days before the surgery to shrink the NP tissue. Nasal polyp samples were collected during surgery. Proteins from samples were extracted and separated by immobilized pH gradient–based two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D DIGE). Resulting 2D-gel images were statistically analyzed using Delta2D software and differently expressed protein spots were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Results A reference map of 1963 proteins could be established. Expression of 20 proteins changed significantly (twofold, p < 0.05) after treatment of NP with GCs. Heat shock proteins and retinoic acid were induced by GCs. Ingenuity pathway analysis of all identified proteins indicated that apoptosis pathway is triggered in NP after GC administration. Conclusion Identifying the changes of NP proteome due to GCs and the biological functions of proteins can lead to new ways of treatment and open new fields in NP research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Farajzadeh Deroee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Greifswald, Germany
- Rhinology Research Society, Tehran, Iran
- Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jasmin Oweinah
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Mohsen Naraghi
- Rhinology Research Society, Tehran, Iran
- Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Werner Hosemann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Bahador Athari
- Rhinology Research Society, Tehran, Iran
- Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Uwe Völker
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics, Functional Genomics Lab, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christian Scharf
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Greifswald, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics, Functional Genomics Lab, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University, Greifswald, Germany
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Becker SS. Surgical management of polyps in the treatment of nasal airway obstruction. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2009; 42:377-85, x. [PMID: 19328899 DOI: 10.1016/j.otc.2009.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In addition to their role in chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal congestion, sinonasal polyps are associated with significant nasal obstruction. Effective long-term treatments remain difficult to pinpoint. Management of these polyps is a difficult challenge for the contemporary otolaryngologist. Medical options vary and include topical and oral steroids; macrolide antibiotics; diuretic nasal washes; and intrapolyp steroid injection. Surgical options include polypectomy and functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). In addition, novel treatments for polyps are introduced with some frequency. This article presents an overview of management options for sinonasal polyps, focusing on the indications, efficacy, and complications of the more common interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel S Becker
- Becker Nose and Sinus Center, 2301 Evesham Road, Suite 404, Voorhees, NJ 08043, USA.
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Kim TH, Lee HM, Lee SH, Choi W, Kim HK, Lee JH, Oh KH, Lee SH. Up-regulation of heparanase in the ethmoid sinus mucosa of patients with chronic sinusitis. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2009; 23:130-4. [PMID: 19401035 DOI: 10.2500/ajra.2009.23.3281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heparanase (HPA) is known to be involved in tissue remodeling of various organs with inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the level of expression and the pattern of distribution of HPA in normal human sinus mucosa, inflammatory sinus mucosa, and nasal polyps to evaluate the possible effect of HPA on the tissue remodeling of chronic inflammatory sinus mucosa and nasal polyps. METHODS Normal sinus mucosa was obtained from the ethmoid sinus during endoscopic reduction in 25 patients with blowout fractures. Inflammatory sinus mucosa and nasal polyps were obtained from 25 patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps. The levels of expression and the pattern of distribution of HPA were evaluated in normal human sinus mucosa, inflammatory sinus mucosa, and nasal polyps, using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemical analysis, and Western blot analysis. RESULTS HPA mRNA and protein were detected in inflammatory sinus mucosa and nasal polyps but not in normal sinus mucosa. HPA was mainly localized in the vascular endothelium, epithelium, submucosal glands, and inflammatory cells of inflammatory sinus mucosa. In nasal polyps, inflammatory cells and vascular endothelium showed immunopositivity in the entire portion, whereas glands and epithelial cells did not show positivity. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that HPA is not constitutively expressed in normal sinus mucosa and is upregulated in chronic inflammatory sinus mucosa and nasal polyps, suggesting that HPA may play an important role in the tissue remodeling in chronic sinusitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
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Significance of susceptible gene expression profiles in nasal polyposis. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 2008; 1:177-83. [PMID: 19434264 PMCID: PMC2671767 DOI: 10.3342/ceo.2008.1.4.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2008] [Accepted: 12/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasal polyposis (NP) is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the rhinosinus mucosa and a complex disease with strong genetic and environmental components. During the past 10 to 20 yr, many studies have been performed to determine differential gene expression profiles between NP and normal nasal tissues, in order to identify susceptible genes that are associated with NP-related traits. Despite achievement in the identification of candidate genes and their associated pathogenic pathways, the large challenges remain as the genetic and molecular alterations required for its development and progression are still unclear. Therefore, the development of novel, powerful tools for gene discovery, and a closer integration of genetics and medical biology would provide valuable insight into the pathogenesis of NP.
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Chaiyarit P, Jintakanon D, Klanrit P, Siritapetawee M, Thongprasom K. Immunohistochemical analyses of survivin and heat shock protein 90 expression in patients with oral lichen planus. J Oral Pathol Med 2008; 38:55-62. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2008.00713.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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