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Kanno T, Adachi Y, Ohashi-Doi K, Matsuhara H, Hiratsuka R, Ishibashi KI, Yamanaka D, Ohno N. Latent 1,3-β-D-glucan acts as an adjuvant for allergen-specific IgE production induced by Japanese cedar pollen exposure. Allergol Int 2021; 70:105-113. [PMID: 32919904 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pollen grains of several plant species contain 1,3-β-D-glucan (BG). BG activates dendritic cells (DCs) and subsequently regulates the innate immune responses. Within Japan, the most common disease associated with type-I hypersensitivity is Japanese cedar pollinosis. However, the role of BG in Japanese cedar pollen (JCP) remains unclear. This study examined the localization and immunological effects of BG in JCP. METHODS The localization of BG in JCP grain was determined by immunohistochemical staining using a soluble dectin-1 protein probe and a BG recognition protein (BGRP). The content of BG extracted from JCP was measured by a BGRP-based ELISA-like assay. The cytokine production by bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) obtained from wild-type and BG receptor (dectin-1) knock-out mice was examined in vitro. The mice were intranasally administered JCP grains and the specific serum Ig levels were then quantified. RESULTS BG was detected in the exine and cell wall of the generative cell and tube cell of the JCP grain. Moreover, BG in the exine stimulated production of TNF-α and IL-6 in the BMDCs via a dectin-1-dependent mechanism. Meanwhile, JCP-specific IgE and IgG were detected in the serum of wild-type mice that had been intranasally administered with JCP grains. These mice also exhibited significantly enhanced sneezing behavior. However, dectin-1 knock-out mice exhibited significantly lower JCP-specific IgE and IgG levels compared to wild-type mice. CONCLUSIONS Latent BG in JCP can act as an adjuvant to induce JCP-specific antibody production via dectin-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kanno
- Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Adachi
- Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.
| | | | - Hiroki Matsuhara
- Research Laboratory, Torii Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rie Hiratsuka
- Division of Biology, Department of Natural Science, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Ishibashi
- Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yamanaka
- Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naohito Ohno
- Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
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Arai T, Sakurai D, Iinuma T, Nakagawa T, Yonekura S, Okamoto Y. Basophils from allergic rhinitis patients show allergen-specific upregulation of thymic stromal lymphopoietin receptor. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2019; 120:155-163. [PMID: 29413340 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An allergic rhinitis (AR) diagnosis is based on typical nasal symptoms and allergen sensitization testing. However, it is sometimes difficult to distinguish AR from non-AR, and it is especially difficult to identify the causal allergen for immunotherapy of patients with AR. OBJECTIVE To identify differences among patients with AR, subjects with asymptomatic sensitization (AS), and subjects without sensitization (NS) that could facilitate the diagnosis of AR. METHODS We used RNA sequencing to examine differential gene expression in unstimulated and allergen-stimulated peripheral basophils from participants with NS, AS, and AR. We selected genes that were upregulated after allergen stimulation and showed differences in expression in patients with AR compared with subjects with AS and NS. Basophil surface expression of 1 gene product was examined by flow cytometry. The usefulness of gene expression in the diagnosis of AR was examined with receiver operating characteristic curves. RESULTS Expression of cytokine receptor-like factor 2 and its product, thymic stromal lymphopoietin receptor (TSLPR), was significantly increased in basophils of patients with AR after allergen stimulation. A significantly larger percentage of TSLPR-positive cells was observed after allergen-specific stimulation of basophils from patients with AR compared with subjects with AS. Basophil TSLPR expression was as good as or better than CD203c expression in discriminating between patients with AR and subjects with AS, as judged by receiver operating characteristic curves. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that TSLPR expression on basophils was specifically upregulated by allergen stimulation and might be useful for the identification of the causative allergen in patients with AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Arai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Daiju Sakurai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Iinuma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takuya Nakagawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Syuji Yonekura
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Okamoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan.
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Su Y, Romeu-Bonilla E, Anagnostou A, Fitz-Patrick D, Hearl W, Heiland T. Safety and long-term immunological effects of CryJ2-LAMP plasmid vaccine in Japanese red cedar atopic subjects: A phase I study. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2017; 13:2804-2813. [PMID: 28605294 PMCID: PMC5718801 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1329070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Japanese Red Cedar (JRC) pollen induced allergy affects one third of Japanese and the development of effective therapies remains an unachieved challenge. We designed a DNA vaccine encoding CryJ2 allergen from the JRC pollen and Lysosomal Associated Membrane Protein 1 (LAMP-1) to treat JRC allergy. These Phase IA and IB trials assessed safety and immunological effects of the investigational CryJ2-LAMP DNA vaccine in both non-sensitive and sensitive Japanese expatriates living in Honolulu, Hawaii. In the Phase IA trial, 6 JRC non-sensitive subjects and 9 JRC and/or Mountain Cedar (MC) sensitive subjects were given 4 vaccine doses (each 4mg/1ml) intramuscularly (IM) at 14-day intervals. Nine JRC and/or MC sensitive subjects were given 4 doses (2 mg/0.5 ml) IM at 14-day intervals. The safety and functional biomarkers were followed for 132 d. Following this, 17 of 24 subjects were recruited into the IB trial and received one booster dose (2 mg/0.5 ml) IM approximately 300 d after the first vaccination dose to which they were randomized in the first phase of the trial. All safety endpoints were met and all subjects tolerated CryJ2-LAMP vaccinations well. At the end of the IA trial, 10 out of 12 JRC sensitive and 6 out of 11 MC sensitive subjects experienced skin test negative conversion, possibly related to the CryJ2-LAMP vaccinations. Collectively, these data suggested that the CryJ2-LAMP DNA vaccine is safe and may be immunologically effective in treating JRC induced allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Su
- a Immunomic Therapeutics, Inc. (ITI) , Rockville , MD , USA
| | | | | | | | - William Hearl
- a Immunomic Therapeutics, Inc. (ITI) , Rockville , MD , USA
| | - Teri Heiland
- a Immunomic Therapeutics, Inc. (ITI) , Rockville , MD , USA
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Hou B, Murata M, Said AS, Sakaida H, Masuda S, Takahashi T, Zhang Z, Takeuchi K. Changes of micro-RNAs in asymptomatic subjects sensitized to Japanese cedar pollen after prophylactic sublingual immunotherapy. ALLERGY & RHINOLOGY 2015; 6:33-8. [PMID: 25675113 PMCID: PMC4388874 DOI: 10.2500/ar.2015.6.0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Japanese cedar pollinosis is the predominant seasonal allergic rhinitis in Japan, and it has increased in prevalence during the past 10 years. Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is considered a safe and effective treatment for pollinosis. Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short single-stranded RNA molecules that posttranscriptionally silence gene expression and may mediate allergic immune responses. The aim of this study was to investigate the miRNA alteration in asymptomatic subjects sensitized to Japanese cedar pollen under prophylactic SLIT under part of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multiple-center trial. Analysis was undertaken in 15 asymptomatic subjects sensitized to Japanese cedar pollen–specific IgE (ImmunoCAP class ≥2) who participated in 2013. The SLIT group (n = 6) received standardized Japanese cedar pollen extract and the placebo group (n = 9) received an inactive placebo for 5 months covering the cedar pollen season. Changes in serum miRNAs were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction to determine whether SLIT had effects on profiles of circulating miRNA. Seven subjects in the placebo group developed pollinosis symptoms, whereas no subjects in the SLIT group did (p = 0.007). Serum hsa-miR-223 was significantly up-regulated in postseason compared with preseason samples. The hsa-let-7b was significantly more down-regulated in postseason than in preseason samples from the placebo group; however, no significant differences were observed in those from the SLIT group. A significant decrease in circulating let-7b was also observed in the subjects who developed symptoms. Prophylactic SLIT was effective in preventing the development of pollinosis. Alterations in miRNA expression occurred in asymptomatic, sensitized subjects during cedar pollen season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
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Immunological parameters in prophylactic sublingual immunotherapy in asymptomatic subjects sensitized to Japanese cedar pollen. Allergol Int 2015; 64:54-9. [PMID: 25605528 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to examine the immunological parameters, focusing IL-10 productivity, in prophylactic sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) in asymptomatic subjects sensitized to Japanese cedar pollen (JCP). METHODS This study was conducted as part of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multiple center trial, and was performed for two consecutive pollen seasons in 2012 and 2013. The present results were based only on our institution. We recruited 29 participants with specific IgE against JCP of at class 2 and higher levels without history of the pollinosis symptoms at the time of JCP scattering. The SLIT group received standardized JCP extract for five months over the pollen season. We observed and judged development of the symptoms in the pollen season. The percentage of IL-10 producing CD4(+) T (Trl) cells, B cells and monocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry. JCP specific IgE and total IgE were also measured. RESULTS The ratio of development of cedar pollinosis was significantly lower in the SLIT group compared to the placebo group in 2013. In 2012, the percentage of circulating Tr1 cells and IL-10 producing monocytes significantly increased in the SLIT group. In 2013, the percentage of circulating Tr1 cells and IL-10 producing B cells increased significantly in the SLIT group. The percentage of circulating IL-10 producing monocytes significantly decreased in the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS Prophylactic SLIT is effective for prevention of the development of pollinosis. Induction of IL-10 producing T cells, B cells and monocytes is an important mechanism of SLIT for prevention of pollinosis in asymptomatic but sensitized subjects.
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Huang CF, Wu CC, Chu DM, Chang ZN, Chue FL, Peng HJ. Neonatal vaccination with plasmid DNA encoding Cyn d 1 effectively prevents allergic responses in mice. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2014; 28:e144-e147. [PMID: 24980227 DOI: 10.2500/ajra.2014.28.4020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic rhinitis is one of the most common atopic disorders in children. There is no available method to prevent airway sensitization in newborns except allergen avoidance. Recombinant DNA plasmids encoding allergens have been proven to activate Th1 but attenuate Th2-deviated allergic responses in adult animal studies. However, their preventive effects are not presumptive in neonates because of their immature immune function. The aim of this study was to examine the potential preventive effect of a DNA vaccine encoding grass pollen allergen Cyn d 1 on allergic reaction to grass pollen in neonatal mice. METHODS Recombinant plasmid Cyn d 1 (pCyn d 1) vaccine was constructed by insertion of Cyn d 1 cDNA into the vector pcDNA3. Neonatal BALB/c mice received the vaccine once on the 3rd day of life or a second dose 2 days later. Control mice received PBS only. Mice were sensitized twice with recombinant Cyn d 1 and alum beginning at 7 weeks of age. Serum antibody responses and cytokine profiles of spleen cells were examined. RESULTS Neonatal injection with pCyn d 1 vaccine resulted in IgG2a responses and production of interferon gamma in spleen cells. Vaccination with pCyn d 1 also reduced specific IgE responses and spleen cell secretion of IL-4. CONCLUSION This study shows the prophylactic effects of DNA vaccine encoding Bermuda grass pollen allergen Cyn d 1 on specific IgE responses in neonatal mice.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Antigens, Plant/genetics
- Antigens, Plant/immunology
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin E/blood
- Immunoglobulin G/blood
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Interleukin-4/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Poaceae
- Pollen/adverse effects
- Pollen/immunology
- Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/immunology
- Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/prevention & control
- Vaccination
- Vaccines, DNA/genetics
- Vaccines, DNA/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Feng Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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