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Maruyama K, Yamada H, Doi M, Ohno S. Identification of two 6'-deoxychalcone 4'-glucosyltransferase genes in dahlia (Dahlia variabilis). PLANTA 2024; 259:114. [PMID: 38587670 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04395-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Two glycosyltransferase genes belonging to UGT88 family were identified to have 6'-deoxychalcone 4'-glucosyltransferase activity in dahlia. 6'-Deoxychalcones (isoliquiritigenin and butein) are important pigments for yellow and orange to red flower color. 6'-Deoxychalcones are glucosylated at the 4'-position in vivo, but the genes encoding 6'-deoxychalcone 4'-glucosyltransferase have not yet been identified. In our previous study, it was indicated that snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus) chalcone 4'-O-glucosyltransferase (Am4'CGT) has isoliquiritigenin 4'-glucosylation activity. Therefore, to identify genes encoding 6'-deoxychalcone 4'-glucosyltransferase in dahlia (Dahlia variabilis), genes expressed in ray florets that shared high homology with Am4'CGT were explored. As a result, c34671_g1_i1 and c35662_g1_i1 were selected as candidate genes for 6'-deoxychalcone 4'-glucosyltransferases in dahlia. We conducted transient co-overexpression of three genes (c34671_g1_i1 or c35662_g1_i1, dahlia aldo-keto reductase1 (DvAKR1) or soybean (Glycine max) chalcone reductase5 (GmCHR5), and chili pepper (Capsicum annuum) MYB transcription factor (CaMYBA)) in Nicotiana benthamiana by agroinfiltration. Transient overexpression of c34671_g1_i1, DvAKR1, and CaMYBA resulted in increase in the accumulation of isoliquiritigenin 4'-glucosides, isoliquiritigenin 4'-O-glucoside, and isoliquiritigenin 4'-O-[6-O-(malonyl)-glucoside]. However, transient overexpression of c35662_g1_i1, DvAKR1, and CaMYBA did not increase accumulation of isoliquiritigenin 4'-glucosides. Using GmCHR5 instead of DvAKR1 showed similar results suggesting that c34671_g1_i1 has isoliquiritigenin 4'-glucosyltransferase activity. In addition, we conducted co-overexpression of four genes (c34671_g1_i1, c35662_g1_i1 or Am4'CGT, DvAKR1 or GmCHR5, CaMYBA, and chalcone 3-hydroxylase from dahlia). Accumulation of butein 4'-O-glucoside and butein 4'-O-[6-O-(malonyl)-glucoside] was detected for c35662_g1_i1, suggesting that c35662_g1_i1 has butein 4'-glucosyltransferase activity. Recombinant enzyme analysis also supported butein 4'-glucosyltransferases activity of c35662_g1_i1. Therefore, our results suggested that both c34671_g1_i1 and c35662_g1_i1 are 6'-deoxychalcone 4'-glucosyltransferases but with different substrate preference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Maruyama
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Haruka Yamada
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Motoaki Doi
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Sho Ohno
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.
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Zou H, Han L, Yuan M, Zhang M, Zhou L, Wang Y. Sequence Analysis and Functional Verification of the Effects of Three Key Structural Genes, PdTHC2'GT, PdCHS and PdCHI, on the Isosalipurposide Synthesis Pathway in Paeonia delavayi var. lutea. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5696. [PMID: 35628506 PMCID: PMC9147737 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Isosalipurposide (ISP) is the most important yellow pigment in tree peony. In ISP biosynthesis, CHS catalyzes 1-molecule coumaroyl-CoA and 3-molecule malonyl-CoA to form 2',4',6',4-tetrahyroxychalcone (THC), and THC generates a stable ISP in the vacuole under the action of chalcone2'-glucosyltransferases (THC2'GT). In tree peony, the details of the THC2'GT gene have not yet been reported. In this study, the candidate THC2'GT gene (PdTHC2'GT) in Paeonia delavayi var. lutea was screened. At the same time, we selected the upstream CHS gene (PdCHS) and the competitive CHI gene (PdCHI) to study the biosynthesis pathway of ISP. We successfully cloned three genes and sequenced them; subcellular localization showed that the three genes were located in the nucleus and cytoplasm. The overexpression of PdTHC2'GT in tobacco caused the accumulation of ISP in tobacco petals, which indicated that PdTHC2'GT was the key structural gene in the synthesis of ISP. After the overexpression of PdCHS and PdCHI in tobacco, the accumulation of anthocyanins in tobacco petals increased to different degrees, showing the role of PdCHS and PdCHI in anthocyanin accumulation. The analysis of NtCHS and NtCHI of transgenic tobacco lines by qRT-PCR showed that the THC2'GT gene could increase the expression of CHS. THC2'GT and CHI were found to be competitive; hence, the overexpression of THC2'GT could lead to a decrease in CHI expression. The CHS gene and CHI gene could increase the expression of each other. In conclusion, we verified the key structural gene PdTHC2'GT and studied the operation of the genes in its upstream and competitive pathway, providing a new perspective for the biosynthesis of ISP and new candidate genes for the directional breeding of tree peony.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; (H.Z.); (L.H.); (M.Y.); (M.Z.)
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; (H.Z.); (L.H.); (M.Y.); (M.Z.)
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Hoshino A, Mizuno T, Shimizu K, Mori S, Fukada-Tanaka S, Furukawa K, Ishiguro K, Tanaka Y, Iida S. Generation of Yellow Flowers of the Japanese Morning Glory by Engineering Its Flavonoid Biosynthetic Pathway toward Aurones. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 60:1871-1879. [PMID: 31135027 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcz101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Wild-type plants of the Japanese morning glory (Ipomoea nil) produce blue flowers that accumulate anthocyanin pigments, whereas its mutant cultivars show wide range flower color such as red, magenta and white. However, I. nil lacks yellow color varieties even though yellow flowers were curiously described in words and woodblocks printed in the 19th century. Such yellow flowers have been regarded as 'phantom morning glories', and their production has not been achieved despite efforts by breeders of I. nil. The chalcone isomerase (CHI) mutants (including line 54Y) bloom very pale yellow or cream-colored flowers conferred by the accumulation of 2', 4', 6', 4-tetrahydoroxychalcone (THC) 2'-O-glucoside. To produce yellow phantom morning glories, we introduced two snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus) genes to the 54Y line by encoding aureusidin synthase (AmAS1) and chalcone 4'-O-glucosyltransferase (Am4'CGT), which are necessary for the accumulation of aureusidin 6-O-glucoside and yellow coloration in A. majus. The transgenic plants expressing both genes exhibit yellow flowers, a character sought for many years. The flower petals of the transgenic plants contained aureusidin 6-O-glucoside, as well as a reduced amount of THC 2'-O-glucoside. In addition, we identified a novel aurone compound, aureusidin 6-O-(6″-O-malonyl)-glucoside, in the yellow petals. A combination of the coexpression of AmAS1 and Am4'CGT and suppression of CHI is an effective strategy for generating yellow varieties in horticultural plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Hoshino
- National Institute for Basic Biology, Nishigonaka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Japan
| | - Takayuki Mizuno
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Keiichi Shimizu
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shoko Mori
- Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, Seika, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Kazuhiko Furukawa
- National Institute for Basic Biology, Nishigonaka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Kanako Ishiguro
- Research Institute, Suntory Global Innovation Center Ltd, Seika, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Tanaka
- Research Institute, Suntory Global Innovation Center Ltd, Seika, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shigeru Iida
- National Institute for Basic Biology, Nishigonaka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Japan
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Yang M, Li J, Ye C, Liang H. Characterization and expression analysis of a chalcone isomerase-like gene in relation to petal color of Actinidia chrysantha. Biologia (Bratisl) 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/biolog-2017-0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Boucherle B, Peuchmaur M, Boumendjel A, Haudecoeur R. Occurrences, biosynthesis and properties of aurones as high-end evolutionary products. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2017; 142:92-111. [PMID: 28704688 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed a considerable renewed interest for the uncommon flavonoid class of aurones. The characterization of two major biosynthetic machineries involved in their biosynthesis in flowers has encouraged the revival of phytochemical studies and identification of original structures, a process started almost seventy-five years ago. This review draws up an exhaustive map of natural occurrences of aurones their biosynthetic pathways and roles, with the aim to link their original structural properties among flavonoids to their place in evolution and the selective advantages they bring to some of the most advanced taxa in the plant kingdom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Boucherle
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, DPM UMR 5063, CS 40700, 38058, Grenoble, France
| | - Marine Peuchmaur
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, DPM UMR 5063, CS 40700, 38058, Grenoble, France
| | - Ahcène Boumendjel
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, DPM UMR 5063, CS 40700, 38058, Grenoble, France
| | - Romain Haudecoeur
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, DPM UMR 5063, CS 40700, 38058, Grenoble, France.
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Deguchi A, Ohno S, Tatsuzawa F, Doi M, Hosokawa M. Identification of the Yellow Pigment in Saintpaulia Flowers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.2503/hrj.15.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Deguchi
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University
- Research fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
| | - Sho Ohno
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University
| | | | - Motoaki Doi
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University
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Abstract
Flavonoids are one of the major pigments in higher plants, together with chlorophylls and carotenoids. Though ca. 8,000 kinds of flavonoids have been reported in nature, anthocyanins, chalcones, aurones and some flavonols act as major flower pigments. Flavonoids are present as major components in many flowers. On the other hand, flavones and flavonols, which are colorless or extremely pale yellow, function as copigment substances. Moreover, expression of the flower colors is diversified by inter-molecular and intra-molecular copigmentation, metal chelation, pH change and so on. In this review, I describe the distribution of the flavonoids which act as the pigments, and contribution to flower colors, e.g., yellow, scarlet, red, red-purple, violet, purple, blue and so on, of flavonoids, especially anthocyanins, chalcones, aurones and flavonols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Iwashina
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, Amakubo 4-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0005, Japan
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Park KI, Hoshino A, Saito N, Tatsuzawa F. Anthocyanins in the flowers of Ipomoea tricolor Cav. (Convolvulaceae). BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2013.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Morita Y, Takagi K, Fukuchi-Mizutani M, Ishiguro K, Tanaka Y, Nitasaka E, Nakayama M, Saito N, Kagami T, Hoshino A, Iida S. A chalcone isomerase-like protein enhances flavonoid production and flower pigmentation. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 78:294-304. [PMID: 24517863 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are major pigments in plants, and their biosynthetic pathway is one of the best-studied metabolic pathways. Here we have identified three mutations within a gene that result in pale-colored flowers in the Japanese morning glory (Ipomoea nil). As the mutations lead to a reduction of the colorless flavonoid compound flavonol as well as of anthocyanins in the flower petal, the identified gene was designated enhancer of flavonoid production (EFP). EFP encodes a chalcone isomerase (CHI)-related protein classified as a type IV CHI protein. CHI is the second committed enzyme of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway, but type IV CHI proteins are thought to lack CHI enzymatic activity, and their functions remain unknown. The spatio-temporal expression of EFP and structural genes encoding enzymes that produce flavonoids is very similar. Expression of both EFP and the structural genes is coordinately promoted by genes encoding R2R3-MYB and WD40 family proteins. The EFP gene is widely distributed in land plants, and RNAi knockdown mutants of the EFP homologs in petunia (Petunia hybrida) and torenia (Torenia hybrida) had pale-colored flowers and low amounts of anthocyanins. The flavonol and flavone contents in the knockdown petunia and torenia flowers, respectively, were also significantly decreased, suggesting that the EFP protein contributes in early step(s) of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway to ensure production of flavonoid compounds. From these results, we conclude that EFP is an enhancer of flavonoid production and flower pigmentation, and its function is conserved among diverse land plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasumasa Morita
- National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan; Institute of Floricultural Science, National Agricultural Research Organization, Tsukuba, 305-8519, Japan
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Li X, Ma H, Huang H, Li D, Yao S. Natural anthocyanins from phytoresources and their chemical researches. Nat Prod Res 2013; 27:456-69. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2012.706299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Tatsuzawa F, Aiba Y, Morino T, Saito N, Shinoda K, Kato K, Toki K, Honda T. Copigmentation with Acylated Anthocyanin and Kaempferol Glycosides in Violet and Purple Flower Cultivars of Aubrieta ^|^times; cultorum (Brassicaceae). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.2503/jjshs1.81.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Tatsuzawa F, Saito N, Toki K, Shinoda K, Honda T. Flower Colors and their Anthocyanins in Matthiola incana Cultivars (Brassicaceae). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.2503/jjshs1.81.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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