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Saneyasu T. Recent Research on Mechanisms of Feeding Regulation in Chicks. J Poult Sci 2024; 61:2024012. [PMID: 38681189 PMCID: PMC11039390 DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.2024012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Food intake affects poultry productivity. A complete understanding of these regulatory mechanisms provides new strategies to improve productivity. Food intake is regulated by complex mechanisms involving many factors, including the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, hormones, and nutrients. Although several studies have been conducted to elucidate regulatory mechanisms in chickens, the mechanisms remain unclear. To update the current knowledge on feeding regulation in chickens, this review focuses on recent findings that have not been summarized in previous reviews, including spexins, adipokines, neurosecretory proteins GL and GM, and central intracellular signaling factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaoki Saneyasu
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501,
Japan
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Katafuchi A, Shimamoto S, Kawaguchi M, Tomonaga S, Nakashima K, Ishihara S, Ohtsuka A, Ijiri D. Effects of Delaying Post-hatch Feeding on the Plasma Metabolites of Broiler Chickens Revealed by Targeted and Untargeted Metabolomics. J Poult Sci 2023; 60:2023032. [PMID: 38145205 PMCID: PMC10730121 DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.2023032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Exogenous nutrients are essential for body and skeletal muscle growth in newly hatched chicks, and delaying post-hatch feeding negatively affects body growth, meat yield, and meat quality. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of delayed post-hatch feeding on the metabolic profiles of broiler chickens using a combination of targeted and untargeted metabolomics. Newly hatched chicks had either immediate free access to feed (freely fed chicks) or no access to feed from 0 to 2 days of age (delayed-fed chicks); both groups were subsequently provided feed ad libitum until 13 days of age. Untargeted metabolomic analysis was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, whereas targeted metabolomic analysis of amino acids was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography with ortho-phthalaldehyde derivatization. Delayed feeding increased the plasma levels of sucrose, maltose, serotonin, lactitol, gentiobiose, xylitol, threonic acid, and asparagine, and decreased the plasma levels of creatinine, aspartic acid, and glutamic acid. In addition, the digestibility of the nitrogen-free extract (starch and sugar) and the cecal butyric acid concentration increased in chicks subjected to delayed feeding. In contrast, delayed feeding did not affect muscle protein degradation or digestibility in chicks. Taken together, our results indicate that delaying feeding until 48 h post-hatch alters multiple metabolic pathways, which are accompanied by changes in intestinal carbohydrate digestion and cecal butyric acid content in broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Katafuchi
- Graduate School of
Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Kagoshima
University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065,
Japan
| | - Saki Shimamoto
- Graduate School of
Science and Technology, Niigata University, 8050
Ikarashi 2-no-cho, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181,
Japan
| | - Mana Kawaguchi
- Department of
Biochemical Science and Technology, Kagoshima
University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065,
Japan
| | - Shozo Tomonaga
- Division of
Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of
Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto
606-8502, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nakashima
- Division of Meat
Animal and Poultry Research, Institute of
Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO, Tsukuba,
Japan
| | - Shinya Ishihara
- Graduate School of
Applied Life Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life
Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonan-cho, Musashino,
Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - Akira Ohtsuka
- Graduate School of
Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Kagoshima
University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065,
Japan
- Department of
Biochemical Science and Technology, Kagoshima
University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065,
Japan
- The United
Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences,
Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima
890-0065, Japan
| | - Daichi Ijiri
- Graduate School of
Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Kagoshima
University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065,
Japan
- Department of
Biochemical Science and Technology, Kagoshima
University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065,
Japan
- The United
Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences,
Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima
890-0065, Japan
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Kohrogi R, Shimamoto S, Nakashima K, Sonoda D, Ohtsuka A, Ijiri D. Effects of delaying post-hatch feeding on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme mRNA expression in the pectoralis major muscle of newly hatched chicks. Anim Sci J 2020; 91:e13327. [PMID: 32219959 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Excessive lipid peroxidation negatively affects the physiological response and meat quality of chickens. Delaying post-hatch feeding was previously found to increase lipid peroxidation in the skeletal muscle of finishing broiler chickens. The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of delayed post-hatch feeding on lipid peroxidation and the mRNA expressions of antioxidant enzymes in the pectoralis major muscle of broiler chicks during the post-hatching period. Newly hatched chicks either had immediate free access to feed (freely-fed chicks) or had no access to feed from 0 to 2 days old (delayed-fed chicks), after which both groups were fed ad libitum until 4 or 13 days old. The lipid peroxidation level was higher in the delayed-fed than freely-fed chicks at 2, 4, and 13 days old. At 2 days old, the mRNA expressions of Cu/Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD, and GPX7 were lower in the delayed-fed than freely-fed chicks, while catalase mRNA levels did not differ. Furthermore, at 4 and 13 days old, lower mRNA expressions of Cu/Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD were observed in the delayed-fed than freely-fed chicks. These results suggest that delaying post-hatch feeding reduces the mRNA levels of Cu/Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD, consequently affecting muscle lipid peroxidation in chicks during subsequent growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rukana Kohrogi
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Saki Shimamoto
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.,The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nakashima
- Division of Animal Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Daichi Sonoda
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akira Ohtsuka
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.,The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Daichi Ijiri
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.,The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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