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Mullins Y, Keogh K, Kenny DA, Kelly A, O' Boyle P, Waters SM. Label-free quantitative proteomic analysis of M. longissimus dorsi from cattle during dietary restriction and subsequent compensatory growth. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2613. [PMID: 32054912 PMCID: PMC7018817 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59412-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Compensatory growth (CG) is a naturally occurring physiological process whereby an animal has the ability to undergo enhanced growth following a period of restricted feeding. This studies objective was to identify key proteins involved in the expression of CG. Forty Holstein Friesian bulls were equally assigned to one of four groups. R1 and R2 groups were subjected to restricted feed allowance for 125 days (Period 1). A1 and A2 animals had ad libitum access to feed in Period 1. Following Period 1, all animals from R1 and A1 were slaughtered. Remaining animals (R2 and A2) were slaughtered following ad libitum access to feed for successive 55 days (Period 2). M. longissimus dorsi samples were collected at slaughter from all animals. Proteins were isolated from samples and subjected to label-free mass spectrometry proteomic quantification. Proteins which were differentially abundant during CG (n = 39) were involved in cellular binding processes, oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial function. There was also evidence for up regulation of three pathways involved in nucleotide biosynthesis. Genetic variants in or regulating genes pertaining to proteins identified in this study may hold potential for use as DNA based biomarkers for genomic selection of animals with a greater ability to undergo CG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Mullins
- Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Grange, Dunsany, Co., Meath, Ireland.,School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, 4, Ireland
| | - Kate Keogh
- Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Grange, Dunsany, Co., Meath, Ireland
| | - David A Kenny
- Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Grange, Dunsany, Co., Meath, Ireland
| | - Alan Kelly
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, 4, Ireland
| | - Padraig O' Boyle
- Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Athenry, Co., Galway, Ireland
| | - Sinéad M Waters
- Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Grange, Dunsany, Co., Meath, Ireland.
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Keogh K, Waters SM, Cormican P, Kelly AK, O’Shea E, Kenny DA. Effect of dietary restriction and subsequent re-alimentation on the transcriptional profile of bovine ruminal epithelium. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177852. [PMID: 28545102 PMCID: PMC5435337 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Compensatory growth (CG) is utilised worldwide in beef production systems as a management approach to reduce feed costs. However the underlying biology regulating the expression of CG remains to be fully elucidated. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of dietary restriction and subsequent re-alimentation induced CG on the global gene expression profile of ruminal epithelial papillae. Holstein Friesian bulls (n = 60) were assigned to one of two groups: restricted feed allowance (RES; n = 30) for 125 days (Period 1) followed by ad libitum access to feed for 55 days (Period 2) or (ii) ad libitum access to feed throughout (ADLIB; n = 30). At the end of each period, 15 animals from each treatment were slaughtered and rumen papillae harvested. mRNA was isolated from all papillae samples collected. cDNA libraries were then prepared and sequenced. Resultant reads were subsequently analysed bioinformatically and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are defined as having a Benjamini-Hochberg P value of <0.05. During re-alimentation in Period 2, RES animals displayed CG, growing at 1.8 times the rate of their ADLIB contemporary animals in Period 2 (P < 0.001). At the end of Period 1, 64 DEGs were identified between RES and ADLIB, with only one DEG identified at the end of Period 2. When analysed within RES treatment (RES, Period 2 v Period 1), 411 DEGs were evident. Genes identified as differentially expressed in response to both dietary restriction and subsequent CG included those involved in processes such as cellular interactions and transport, protein folding and gene expression, as well as immune response. This study provides an insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying the expression of CG in rumen papillae of cattle; however the results suggest that the role of the ruminal epithelium in supporting overall animal CG may have declined by day 55 of re-alimentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Keogh
- Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Grange, Dunsany, Co. Meath, Ireland
| | - Sinead M. Waters
- Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Grange, Dunsany, Co. Meath, Ireland
| | - Paul Cormican
- Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Grange, Dunsany, Co. Meath, Ireland
| | - Alan K. Kelly
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Emma O’Shea
- Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Grange, Dunsany, Co. Meath, Ireland
| | - David A. Kenny
- Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Grange, Dunsany, Co. Meath, Ireland
- * E-mail:
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Sharman ED, Lancaster PA, McMurphy CP, Garmyn AJ, Pye BJ, Mafi GG, Goad CL, Phillips WA, Starkey JD, Krehbiel CR, Horn GW. Effect of rate of body weight gain in steers during the stocker phase. I. Growth, partitioning of fat among depots, and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing beef cattle1. J Anim Sci 2013; 91:4322-35. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2012-5440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E. D. Sharman
- Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station; Stillwater 74078
| | | | - C. P. McMurphy
- Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station; Stillwater 74078
| | - A. J. Garmyn
- Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station; Stillwater 74078
| | - B. J. Pye
- Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station; Stillwater 74078
| | - G. G. Mafi
- Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station; Stillwater 74078
| | - C. L. Goad
- Oklahoma State University, Department of Statistics; Stillwater 74078
| | - W. A. Phillips
- USDA-ARS, Grazinglands Research Laboratory, El Reno, OK 73036
| | - J. D. Starkey
- Texas Tech University, Animal and Food Sciences; Lubbock 79409
| | - C. R. Krehbiel
- Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station; Stillwater 74078
| | - G. W. Horn
- Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station; Stillwater 74078
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Buttrey EK, McCollum FT, Jenkins KH, Patterson JM, Clark BE, Luebbe MK, Lawrence TE, MacDonald JC. Use of dried distillers grains throughout a beef production system: Effects on stocker and finishing performance, carcass characteristics, and fatty acid composition of beef1. J Anim Sci 2012; 90:2381-93. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2011-4807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E. K. Buttrey
- Texas AgriLife Research, Amarillo 79106
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, West Texas A&M University, Canyon 79016
| | | | | | | | | | | | - T. E. Lawrence
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, West Texas A&M University, Canyon 79016
| | - J. C. MacDonald
- Texas AgriLife Research, Amarillo 79106
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, West Texas A&M University, Canyon 79016
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5
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Genetic parameters and response to selection for post-weaning weight gain, visual scores and carcass traits in Hereford and Hereford×Nellore cattle. Livest Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2010.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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CASE Study : Effect of Limiting Access to Winter Wheat Pasture on Performance of Angus, Brahman, Romosinuano, and Reciprocal Cross Calves. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.15232/s1080-7446(15)30645-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Su G, Madsen P, Lund M. Reaction norm model with unknown environmental covariate to analyze heterosis by environment interaction. J Dairy Sci 2009; 92:2204-13. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2008-1499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Duff GC. Integrating lifetime nutrition: from cow/calf to stocker to feedlot. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 2007; 23:177-91, v. [PMID: 17606145 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2006.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the diversity of nutritional background of beef cattle, the more information the nutritionist can acquire, the better the nutritional management programs during the finishing period can be developed. Some factors that should be accounted for include weaning status and previous growing treatments. Working cattle up on feed and bunk management continue to be a challenge for nutritional consultants. Use of anabolic implants continues to be one of the most effective management programs; however carcass quality may be affected with some implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn C Duff
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0038, USA.
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Stocker and Feedlot Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Purebred Angus and Romosinuano Steers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.15232/s1080-7446(15)31055-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Effects of a Single Dose of Direct-Fed Microbials on Performance of Stocker Calves Grazing Annual Cool-Season Grasses1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.15232/s1080-7446(15)31187-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Jenkins TG, Ferrell CL. Preweaning efficiency for mature cows of breed crosses from tropically adapted Bos indicus and Bos taurus and unadapted Bos taurus breeds. J Anim Sci 2005; 82:1876-81. [PMID: 15217017 DOI: 10.2527/2004.8261876x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Production data were collected on mature cows produced by mating Angus and Hereford (pooled AH), Brahman (Bh) and Boran (Br), and Tuli, a tropically adapted Bos taurus, sires by AI or natural service to Angus and Hereford cows. These cows were mated to Charolais bulls for the purpose of this study. Within each sire breed of cow, cows were assigned randomly to one of three feeding rates, 49 or 76 g of DMI/ BW0.75 or ad libitum (10 to 12 cows/feeding rate group), with weekly individual animal feed consumption recorded. Lactation yields were recorded via the weigh-suckle-weigh protocol at approximately 14, 28, 56, 84, 112, 140, 168, and 196 d postpartum for each cow/calf pair. Means for milk yield at peak lactation, total milk yields, calf birth weight, age-adjusted weaning weights, preweaning daily gain, and feed efficiency were estimated. Peak yield (kg/d) for Bh (10.3 +/- 0.36) was greater (P < 0.05) than for Tuli (9.0 +/- 0.31). Total yield (kg, 212 d) for Bh (1802 +/- 68) was greater (P < 0.05) than for Tuli (1532 +/- 59). Birth weight of AH (44 +/- 0.9) was heavier than for Bh and Br (P < 0.05). Preweaning daily calf gain (g/d) and adjusted weaning weight (kg) of Bh (813 +/- 28, 212 +/- 6.1) and Br (766 +/- 24, 202 +/- 5.1) differed (P < 0.05) from AH (589 +/- 24, 169 +/- 5.2) and Tuli (634 +/- 24, 176 +/- 5.3). Efficiency estimates (grams of adjusted weaning weight/kilograms DMI of the cow) for Bh (88 +/- 2.5) and Br (85 +/- 2.1) exceeded (P < 0.05) those for Tuli (74 +/- 2.1) and AH (73 +/- 2.1). Bos indicus breed crosses exhibited greater peak and total yield, lower birth weight, greater daily gain and adjusted weaning weight, and higher feed efficiency than did Bos taurus breed crosses (P < 0.05). Total yield, daily gain, adjusted weaning weight, and feed efficiency were higher (P < 0.05) for cows sired by bulls from tropically adapted breeds, and the peak yield was less (P < 0.10). Tuli exhibited lower total yield and birth weight than did Angus/Hereford (P < 0.05). The efficiency of crossbred Tuli cows did not differ from Angus/Hereford F1 females, but neither equaled the efficiency of crossbred cows produced using Bos indicus breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- T G Jenkins
- ARS, USDA, US Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE 68933-0166, USA.
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Influence of Live Weight Gain During the Winter Grazing Period on Subsequent Grazing and Feedlot Performance1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.15232/s1080-7446(15)31338-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Effects of Winter and Summer Forage Type on Pasture and Feedlot Performance and Carcass Characteristics by Beef Steers1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.15232/s1080-7446(15)31305-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Choat WT, Krehbiel CR, Duff GC, Kirksey RE, Lauriault LM, Rivera JD, Capitan BM, Walker DA, Donart GB, Goad CL. Influence of grazing dormant native range or winter wheat pasture on subsequent finishing cattle performance, carcass characteristics, and ruminal metabolism. J Anim Sci 2004; 81:3191-201. [PMID: 14677875 DOI: 10.2527/2003.81123191x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A winter grazing/feedlot performance experiment repeated over 2 yr (Exp. 1) and a metabolism experiment (Exp. 2) were conducted to evaluate effects of grazing dormant native range or irrigated winter wheat pasture on subsequent intake, feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, total-tract digestion of nutrients, and ruminal digesta kinetics in beef cattle. In Exp. 1, 30 (yr 1) or 67 (yr 2) English crossbred steers that had previously grazed native range (n = 38) or winter wheat (n = 59) for approximately 180 d were allotted randomly within previous treatment to feedlot pens (yr 1 native range = three pens [seven steers/pen], winter wheat = two pens [eight steers/pen]; yr 2 native range = three pens [eight steers/pen], winter wheat = four pens [10 or 11 steers/pen]). As expected, winter wheat steers had greater (P < 0.01) ADG while grazing than did native range steers. In contrast, feedlot ADG and gain efficiency were greater (P < 0.02) for native range steers than for winter wheat steers. Hot carcass weight, longissimus muscle area, and marbling score were greater (P < 0.01) for winter wheat steers than for native range steers. In contrast, 12th-rib fat depth (P < 0.64) and yield grade (P < 0.77) did not differ among treatments. In Exp. 2, eight ruminally cannulated steers that had previously grazed winter wheat (n = 4; initial BW = 407 +/- 12 kg) or native range (n = 4; initial BW = 293 +/- 23 kg) were used to determine intake, digesta kinetics, and total-tract digestion while being adapted to a 90% concentrate diet. The adaptation and diets used in Exp. 2 were consistent with those used in Exp. 1 and consisted of 70, 75, 80, and 85% concentrate diets, each fed for 5 d. As was similar for intact steers, restricted growth of cannulated native range steers during the winter grazing phase resulted in greater (P < 0.001) DMI (% of BW) and ADG (P < 0.04) compared with winter wheat steers. In addition, ruminal fill (P < 0.01) and total-tract OM digestibility (P < 0.02) were greater for native range than for winter wheat steers across the adaptation period. Greater digestibility by native range steers early in the finishing period might account for some of the compensatory gain response. Although greater performance was achieved by native range steers in the feedlot, grazing winter wheat before finishing resulted in fewer days on feed, increased hot carcass weight, and improved carcass merit.
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Affiliation(s)
- W T Choat
- Department of Animal Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater 74078, USA
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Hersom MJ, Horn GW, Krehbiel CR, Phillips WA. Effect of live weight gain of steers during winter grazing: I. Feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, and body composition of beef steers1,2,3. J Anim Sci 2004; 82:262-72. [PMID: 14753370 DOI: 10.2527/2004.821262x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Two experiments were conducted to examine the effect of previous BW gain during winter grazing on subsequent growth, carcass characteristics, and change in body composition during the feedlot finishing phase. In each experiment, 48 fall-weaned Angus x Angus-Hereford steer calves were assigned randomly to one of three treatments: 1) high rate of BW gain grazing winter wheat (HGW), 2) low rate of BW gain grazing winter wheat (LGW), or 3) grazing dormant tallgrass native range (NR) supplemented with 0.91 kg/d of cottonseed meal. Winter grazing ADG (kg/d) for HGW, LGW, and NR steers were, respectively, 1.31, 0.54, 0.16 (Exp. 1) and 1.10, 0.68, 0.15 (Exp. 2). At the end of winter grazing, four steers were selected randomly from each treatment to measure initial carcass characteristics and chemical composition of carcass, offal, and empty body. All remaining steers were fed a high-concentrate diet to a common backfat end point. Six steers were selected randomly from each treatment for final chemical composition, and carcass characteristics were measured on all steers. Initial fat mass and proportion in carcass, offal, and empty body were greatest (P < 0.001) for HGW, intermediate for LGW, and least for NR steers in both experiments. Live BW ADG and gain efficiency during the finishing phase did not differ (P = 0.24) among treatments, but DMI (% of mean BW) for NR and LGW was greater (P < 0.003) than for HGW steers. Final empty-body composition did not differ (P = 0.25) among treatments in Exp. 1. In Exp. 2, final carcass and empty-body fat proportion (g/kg) was greater (P < 0.03) for LGW and NR than for HGW steers. Accretion of carcass fat-free organic matter was greater (P < 0.004) for LGW than for HGW and NR steers in Exp. 1, but did not differ (P = 0.22) among treatments in Exp. 2. Fat accretion in carcass, offal, and empty body did not differ (P = 0.19) among treatments in Exp. 1, but was greater (P < 0.05) for LGW and NR than for HGW steers in Exp. 2. Heat production by NR steers during finishing was greater (P < 0.02) than by HGW steers in Exp. 1 and 2. Differences in ADG during winter grazing and initial body fat content did not affect rate of live BW gain or gain efficiency during finishing. Feeding steers to a common backfat thickness end point mitigated initial differences in carcass and empty-body fat content. However, maintenance energy requirements during finishing were increased for nutritionally restricted steers that were wintered on dormant native range.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Hersom
- Department of Animal Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater 74078, USA
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