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Helal M, Sameh J, Gharib S, Merghany RM, Bozhilova-Sakova M, Ragab M. Candidate genes associated with reproductive traits in rabbits. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:94. [PMID: 38441694 PMCID: PMC10914644 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-03938-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
In the era of scientific advances and genetic progress, opportunities in the livestock sector are constantly growing. The application of molecular-based methods and approaches in farm animal breeding would accelerate and improve the expected results. The current work aims to comprehensively review the most important causative mutations in candidate genes that affect prolificacy traits in rabbits. Rabbits are a source of excellent-tasting meat that is high in protein and low in fat. Their early maturity and intensive growth are highly valued all over the world. However, improving reproductive traits and prolificacy in rabbits could be very tricky with traditional selection. Therefore, traditional breeding programs need new methods based on contemporary discoveries in molecular biology and genetics because of the complexity of the selection process. The study and implementation of genetic markers related to production in rabbits will help to create populations with specific productive traits that will produce the desired results in an extremely short time. Many studies worldwide showed an association between different genes and productive traits in rabbits. The study of these polymorphisms and their effects could be useful for molecular-oriented breeding, particularly marker-assisted selection programs in rabbit breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Helal
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
| | - Jana Sameh
- Biotechnology Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Sama Gharib
- Biotechnology Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Rana M Merghany
- Department of Pharmacognosy, National Research Centre, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed Ragab
- Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Department, National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Madrid, 28040, Spain
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Arikawa LM, Mota LFM, Schmidt PI, Frezarim GB, Fonseca LFS, Magalhães AFB, Silva DA, Carvalheiro R, Chardulo LAL, Albuquerque LGD. Genome-wide scans identify biological and metabolic pathways regulating carcass and meat quality traits in beef cattle. Meat Sci 2024; 209:109402. [PMID: 38056170 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2023.109402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Genome association studies (GWAS) provides knowledge about the genetic architecture of beef-related traits that allow linking the target phenotype to genomic information aiding breeding decision. Thus, the present study aims to uncover the genetic mechanism involved in carcass (REA: rib eye area, BF: backfat thickness, and HCW: hot carcass weight) and meat quality traits (SF: shear-force, MARB: marbling score, and IMF: intramuscular fat content) in Nellore cattle. For this, 6910 young bulls with phenotypic information and 23,859 animals genotyped with 435 k markers were used to perform the weighted single-step GBLUP (WssGBLUP) approach, considering two iterations. The top 10 genomic regions explained 8.13, 11.81, and 9.58% of the additive genetic variance, harboring a total of 119, 143, and 95 positional candidate genes for REA, BF, and HCW, respectively. For meat quality traits, the top 10 windows explained a large proportion of the total genetic variance for SF (14.95%), MARB (17.56%), and IMF (21.41%) surrounding 92, 155, and 111 candidate genes, respectively. Relevant candidate genes (CAST, PLAG1, XKR4, PLAGL2, AQP3/AQP7, MYLK2, WWOX, CARTPT, and PLA2G16) are related to physiological aspects affecting growth, carcass, meat quality, feed intake, and reproductive traits by signaling pathways controlling muscle control, key signal metabolic molecules INS / IGF-1 pathway, lipid metabolism, and adipose tissue development. The GWAS results provided insights into the genetic control of the traits studied and the genes found are potential candidates to be used in the improvement of carcass and meat quality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Machestropa Arikawa
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Department of Animal Science, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castelane, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil.
| | - Lucio Flavio Macedo Mota
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Department of Animal Science, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castelane, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Iana Schmidt
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Department of Animal Science, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castelane, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Bonfá Frezarim
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Department of Animal Science, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castelane, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Larissa Fernanda Simielli Fonseca
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Department of Animal Science, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castelane, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Fabrícia Braga Magalhães
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Department of Animal Science, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castelane, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil; University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Department of Animal Science, Rod. MG 367, Diamantina, MG 39100-000, Brazil
| | - Delvan Alves Silva
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Department of Animal Science, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castelane, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil; University of Viçosa, Department of Animal Science, Av. PH Rolfs, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Roberto Carvalheiro
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Department of Animal Science, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castelane, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Luis Artur Loyola Chardulo
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Department of Animal Science, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castelane, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil; National Council for Science and Technological Development, Brasilia, DF 71605-001, Brazil
| | - Lucia Galvão de Albuquerque
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Department of Animal Science, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castelane, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil; National Council for Science and Technological Development, Brasilia, DF 71605-001, Brazil.
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Matsumoto H, Kimura S, Nagai Y, Fukuda Y, Miyazaki K, Imai S, Inenaga T, Kashimura A. Leptin gene contributes to beef marbling standard, meat brightness, meat firmness, and beef fat standard of the Kumamoto sub-breed of Japanese Brown cattle. Anim Sci J 2022; 93:e13698. [PMID: 35247014 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Kumamoto sub-breed of Japanese Brown cattle has unique characteristics, such as great growth rate, and their contribution as future breeding materials is expected. To develop a DNA marker for their breeding, we investigated the effects of Leptin gene, controlling energy homeostasis, on carcass traits of the Kumamoto sub-breed. Sequence comparison identified five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): four linked synonymous mutations and one nonsynonymous mutation. Statistical analysis revealed that c.239C > T (p.A80V) had significant effects on the traits related with quality grade: beef marbling standard (p = 0.0132), meat brightness (p = 0.0383), and meat firmness (p = 0.0115). The C allele showed favorable effects; these scores of the C/C cattle were significantly higher than those of the C/T cattle. On the other hand, the effect of c.399T > C was observed on meat firmness (p = 0.0172) and beef fat standards (BFS) (p = 0.0129). The C/C cattle showed higher values of these traits than the T/T cattle. Our data suggested that these SNPs in Leptin gene could be used as a DNA marker for breeding of the Kumamoto sub-breed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Matsumoto
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kimura
- Course of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yohsuke Nagai
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yuta Fukuda
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kunio Miyazaki
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Saki Imai
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Inenaga
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kashimura
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Yadav T, Magotra A, Bangar YC, Kumar R, Yadav AS, Garg AR, Bahurupi P, Kumar P. Effect of BsaA I genotyped intronic SNP of leptin gene on production and reproduction traits in Indian dairy cattle. Anim Biotechnol 2021; 34:261-267. [PMID: 34370619 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2021.1955701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, candidate single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) g.92450765 G > A of leptin gene was explored for Bos indicus cattle with an aim to explore its possible effect on production and reproduction traits. The genotypic and allelic frequencies of BsaA 1 genotyped SNP g.92450765 G > A indicated the predominance of AG (0.65) genotyped Sahiwal cows in our studied population. The least-squares analysis showed a significant association (p < 0.05) of identified genetic variants with total milk yield (TMY) and 305 days milk yield (MY) (p < 0.05). The GG genotyped cows were found to be associated with higher milk yields. However, for reproduction traits under study AA genotype was found to be more favorable with respect to service period and calving interval (p < 0.05). Computational analysis was also performed to predict changes if any in the transcription factor binding sites (TFBS) caused due to the identified SNP in the intronic region of the leptin gene. TFBS analysis predicted that the targeted SNP at g.92450765G > A may lead to the disappearance of TFBS such as Hypermethylated in cancer 2 protein (HIC2), Max-binding protein MNT (MNT), Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor -3 (ATF3), Myc-associated factor X (MAX) and Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF). It may lead to changes in transcriptional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejwanti Yadav
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (LUVAS), Hisar, India
| | - Ankit Magotra
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (LUVAS), Hisar, India
| | - Yogesh C Bangar
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (LUVAS), Hisar, India
| | - Ramesh Kumar
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (LUVAS), Hisar, India
| | - A S Yadav
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (LUVAS), Hisar, India
| | - Asha Rani Garg
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (LUVAS), Hisar, India
| | - Pooja Bahurupi
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (LUVAS), Hisar, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Disease Investigation Lab Rohtak, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (LUVAS), Hisar, India
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Yadav T, Magotra A, Kumar R, Bangar YC, Garg AR, Kumar S, Jeet V, Malik BS. Evaluation of candidate genotype of leptin gene associated with fertility and production traits in Hardhenu (Bos taurus × Bos indicus) cattle. Reprod Domest Anim 2020; 55:1698-1705. [PMID: 32965761 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted on Hardhenu cattle to screen genomic region of leptin gene with an objective to find the association of genotypes with fertility and production traits. The association analysis with traits under study was analysed by least squares analysis of variance by taking SNPs genotype as fixed effects in the statistical model. The genotypic frequencies with respect to targeted loci g.92450765 G > A indicated that AG (0.54) genotype was highest in Hardhenu cattle. Chi-squared tests showed that g.92450765G > A SNP meet with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p > .05).The association analysis revealed significant association of genotypes with total milk yield (TMY) and 305 days milk yield (MY) (p < .05). Service period (SP) and calving interval (CI) were also found significantly associated with genotypes (p < .05). Whereas, lactation length (LL), dry days (DD) and age at first calving (AFC) did not divulge any significant association with genotype. The AG and GG genotypes were associated with higher milk yields as compared to AA genotype, indicating that allele G was associated with superior milk performance. However, AA genotyped cattle found to be favourable with SP, CI and artificial insemination (AI) per conception compared to AG and GG genotyped cows. Chi-square analysis revealed that genetic variants of g.92450765 G > A SNP of leptin gene differ significantly with regard to reproductive disorders incidence (p < .05). The frequency of GG genotype (88.89%) in the affected animal group was very high followed by AG. The animals with GG genotype were found to be more susceptible to reproductive disorders as suggested by the higher odd ratio value (16.00) in logistic model. These observations and their differential association with the fertility and production traits can be utilized as an aid to selection for genetic improvement of antagonistic traits in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejwanti Yadav
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (LUVAS), Hisar, India
| | - Ankit Magotra
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (LUVAS), Hisar, India
| | - Ramesh Kumar
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (LUVAS), Hisar, India
| | - Yogesh C Bangar
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (LUVAS), Hisar, India
| | - Asha Rani Garg
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (LUVAS), Hisar, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department of Livestock Farm Complex, LUVAS, Hisar, India
| | - Vikram Jeet
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (LUVAS), Hisar, India
| | - Baljit S Malik
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (LUVAS), Hisar, India
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Wang L, Raza SHA, Gui L, Li S, Liu X, Yang X, Wang S, Zan L, Zhao C. Associations between UASMS2 polymorphism in leptin gene and growth, carcass and meat quality traits of cattle: a meta-analysis. Anim Biotechnol 2020; 33:279-288. [PMID: 32804584 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2020.1805327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Although numerous studies investigated the effect of UASMS2 polymorphism in leptin gene on cattle production, a consensus has not yet been reached. Therefore, we reviewed and meta-analyzed the effects of UASMS2 on cattle. We searched potentially relevant studies from seven databases (to December 25, 2019). Standard mean difference along with 95% confidence intervals was calculated to assess the strength of association through the random-effects model. Six published articles containing 1378 cattle samples were included in our meta-analysis. We found UASMS2 was not related to carcass weight, dressing percentage and loin muscle area in the recessive genetic model, but there was a significant association between UASMS2 and average daily weight gain, dry matter intake, body weight, marbling score, and backfat thickness. This meta-analysis indicated that UASMS2 was associated with growth and meat quality traits of cattle, implying that this SNP can be used reliably in beef cattle breeding. This study may provide valuable information on improving beef yield and quality in cattle production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | | | - Linsheng Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Shijun Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xuchun Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xinran Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Sihu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Linsen Zan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Chunping Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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Mota LFM, Bonafé CM, Alexandre PA, Santana MH, Novais FJ, Toriyama E, Pires AV, da Luz Silva S, Leme PR, Ferraz JBS, Fukumasu H. Circulating leptin and its muscle gene expression in Nellore cattle with divergent feed efficiency. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2017; 8:71. [PMID: 28883916 PMCID: PMC5580337 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-017-0203-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Leptin has a strong relation to important traits in animal production, such as carcass composition, feed intake, and reproduction. It is mainly produced by adipose cells and acts predominantly in the hypothalamus. In this study, circulating leptin and its gene expression in muscle were evaluated in two groups of young Nellore bulls with divergent feed efficiency. Individual dry matter intake (DMI) and average daily gain (ADG) of 98 Nellore bulls were evaluated in feedlot for 70 d to determinate the residual feed intake (RFI) and select 20 animals for the high feed efficient (LRFI) and 20 for the low feed efficient (HRFI) groups. Blood samples were collected on d 56 and at slaughter (80 d) to determine circulating plasma leptin. Samples of Longissimus dorsi were taken at slaughter for leptin gene expression levels. Results DMI and RFI were different between groups and LRFI animals showed less back fat and rump fat thickness, as well as less pelvic and kidney fat weight. Circulating leptin increased over time in all animals. Plasma leptin was greater in LRFI on 56 d and at slaughter (P = 0.0049). Gene expression of leptin were greater in LRFI animals (P = 0.0022) in accordance with the plasma levels. The animals of the LRFI group were leaner, ate less, and had more circulating leptin and its gene expression. Conclusion These findings demonstrated that leptin plays its physiological role in young Nellore bulls, probably controlling food intake because feed efficient animals have more leptin and lower residual feed intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lúcio Flávio Macedo Mota
- Departmento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG 39100-000 Brazil.,Present adress: Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900 Brazil
| | - Cristina Moreira Bonafé
- Departmento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG 39100-000 Brazil
| | - Pâmela Almeida Alexandre
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte n°225, Pirassununga, 13635-900 SP Brazil
| | - Miguel Henrique Santana
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte n°225, Pirassununga, 13635-900 SP Brazil
| | - Francisco José Novais
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte n°225, Pirassununga, 13635-900 SP Brazil
| | - Erika Toriyama
- Departmento de Zootecnia e Desenvolvimento Agrossocioambiental Sustentável, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi, RJ 24230-340 Brazil
| | - Aldrin Vieira Pires
- Departmento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG 39100-000 Brazil
| | - Saulo da Luz Silva
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, 13635-900 SP Brazil
| | - Paulo Roberto Leme
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, 13635-900 SP Brazil
| | - José Bento Sterman Ferraz
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte n°225, Pirassununga, 13635-900 SP Brazil
| | - Heidge Fukumasu
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte n°225, Pirassununga, 13635-900 SP Brazil
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Migdal L, Koziol K, Palka S, Migdal W, Zabek T, Otwinowska-Mindur A, Migdal A, Kmiecik M, Maj D, Bieniek J. Mutations in Leptin (LEP) Gene Are Associated with Carcass and Meat Quality Traits in Crossbreed Rabbits. Anim Biotechnol 2017; 29:153-159. [DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2017.1347881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Migdal
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Faculty of Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Konrad Koziol
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Faculty of Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Sylwia Palka
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Faculty of Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Wladyslaw Migdal
- Department of Animal Product Technology, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Zabek
- Department of Genomics and Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production Poland
| | - Agnieszka Otwinowska-Mindur
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Faculty of Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Migdal
- Institute of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Michal Kmiecik
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Faculty of Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Dorota Maj
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Faculty of Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jozef Bieniek
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Faculty of Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
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Hernández PA, Mendoza GD, Castro A, Lara A, Plata FX, Martínez JA, Ferraro S. Effects of grain level on lamb performance, ruminal metabolism and leptin mRNA expression in perirenal adipose tissue. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/an15564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The effects of four different grain composition diets of finishing lambs on lamb performance, dry matter (DM) digestibility, rumen fermentation and leptin mRNA expression were evaluated. Thirty-two Pelibuey lambs (25.35 ± 4.73 kg bodyweight) were used in a completely randomised experiment in which lambs were fed diets that contained 30%, 45%, 60% or 75% grain (DM basis). The results indicated that increasing the grain level improved the average daily weight gain, hot carcass weight, DM digestibility and feed conversion linearly (P < 0.01); however, feed intake was not affected. Ruminal pH decreased linearly as the grain content was increased (P < 0.01). Ruminal propionate concentration increased and acetate concentration declined with increased grain content (P < 0.01). Leptin mRNA expression in perirenal adipose tissue increased linearly (P < 0.05) as grain content increased. Based on these results, we conclude that increasing grain level in the diets of finishing feedlot lambs improved weight gain and feed efficiency; however, because weight gain and feed efficiency were similar at the higher grain levels, our data suggest including 60% grain in lamb finishing rations.
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Casas E, Kehrli ME. A Review of Selected Genes with Known Effects on Performance and Health of Cattle. Front Vet Sci 2016; 3:113. [PMID: 28018909 PMCID: PMC5156656 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2016.00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There are genetic conditions that influence production in dairy and beef cattle. The objective of this review was to describe relevant genetic conditions that have been associated with productivity and health in cattle. Genes or genomic regions that have been identified as a candidate for the condition will be included, and the genetic basis of the condition will be defined. Genes and genetic conditions included in this review are bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency, deficiency of the uridine monophosphate synthase, bovine chronic interstitial nephritis, horn development, myostatin, complex vertebral malformation, leptin, osteopetrosis, apoptosis peptide activating factor 1, chondrodysplastic dwarfism, caseins, calpastatin, umbilical hernia, lactoglobulin, citrullinemia, cholesterol deficiency, prions, thyroglobulin, diacylglycerol acyltransferase, syndactyly, maple syrup urine disease, slick hair, Factor XI deficiency, and μ-Calpain. This review is not meant to be comprehensive, and relevant information is provided to ascertain genetic markers associated with the conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Casas
- National Animal Disease Center, USDA, ARS, Ames, IA, USA
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Ghoneim M, Ogaly H, Gouda E, El-Behairy A. Prediction of desirable genotype patterns in Baladi beef cattle and water buffalo by identification of new leptin gene SNPs. Livest Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Growth, carcass and meat quality traits in beef from Angus, Hereford and cross-breed grazing steers, and their association with SNPs in genes related to fat deposition metabolism. Meat Sci 2016; 114:121-129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2015.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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14
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Jonas E, Martin G, Celi P, Li L, Soattin M, Thomson P, Raadsma H. Association of polymorphisms in leptin and leptin receptor genes with circulating leptin concentrations, production and efficiency traits in sheep. Small Rumin Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2016.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Lisa C, Albera A, Carnier P, Stasio LD. Variability in Candidate Genes Revealed Associations with Meat Traits in the Piemontese Cattle Breed. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2013.e46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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16
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Bongiorni S, Gruber CEM, Bueno S, Chillemi G, Ferrè F, Failla S, Moioli B, Valentini A. Transcriptomic investigation of meat tenderness in two Italian cattle breeds. Anim Genet 2016; 47:273-87. [DOI: 10.1111/age.12418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Bongiorni
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest systems, DIBAF; University of Tuscia; via S. Camillo de Lelliss.n.c. Viterbo 01100 Italy
| | - C. E. M. Gruber
- Molecular Digital Diagnostics (MDD); s.r.l., via San Camillo de Lellis Viterbo 01100 Italy
| | - S. Bueno
- Cineca Supercomputing Center; via dei Tizii 6 Rome 00185 Italy
| | - G. Chillemi
- Cineca Supercomputing Center; via dei Tizii 6 Rome 00185 Italy
| | - F. Ferrè
- Cineca Supercomputing Center; via dei Tizii 6 Rome 00185 Italy
- Centre for Molecular Bioinformatics; Biology Department; University of Rome Tor Vergata; Rome Italy
| | - S. Failla
- Consiglio per la Ricerca e la sperimentazione in Agricoltura; Monterotondo Italy
| | - B. Moioli
- Consiglio per la Ricerca e la sperimentazione in Agricoltura; Monterotondo Italy
| | - A. Valentini
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest systems, DIBAF; University of Tuscia; via S. Camillo de Lelliss.n.c. Viterbo 01100 Italy
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Tedeschi LO. Integrating Genomics with Nutrition Models to Improve the Prediction of Cattle Performance and Carcass Composition under Feedlot Conditions. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143483. [PMID: 26599759 PMCID: PMC4658027 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Cattle body composition is difficult to model because several factors affect the composition of the average daily gain (ADG) of growing animals. The objective of this study was to identify commercial single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panels that could improve the predictability of days on feed (DOF) to reach a target United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) grade given animal, diet, and environmental information under feedyard conditions. The data for this study was comprised of crossbred heifers (n = 681) and steers (n = 836) from commercial feedyards. Eleven molecular breeding value (MBV) scores derived from SNP panels of candidate gene polymorphisms and two-leptin gene SNP (UASMS2 and E2FB) were evaluated. The empty body fat (EBF) and the shrunk body weight (SBW) at 28% EBF (AFSBW) were computed by the Cattle Value Discovery System (CVDS) model using hip height (EBFHH and AFSBWHH) or carcass traits (EBFCT and AFSBWCT) of the animals. The DOFHH was calculated when AFSBWHH and ADGHH were used and DOFCT was calculated when AFSBWCT and ADGCT were used. The CVDS estimates dry matter required (DMR) by individuals fed in groups when observed ADG and AFSBW are provided. The AFSBWCT was assumed more accurate than the AFSBWHH because it was computed using carcass traits. The difference between AFSBWCT and AFSBWHH, DOFCT and DOFHH, and DMR and dry matter intake (DMI) were regressed on the MBV scores and leptin gene SNP to explain the variation. Our results indicate quite a large range of correlations among MBV scores and model input and output variables, but MBV ribeye area was the most strongly correlated with the differences in DOF, AFSBW, and DMI by explaining 8, 13.2 and 6.5%, respectively, of the variation. This suggests that specific MBV scores might explain additional variation of input and output variables used by nutritional models in predicting individual animal performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis O. Tedeschi
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Kononoff PJ, Defoor PJ, Engler MJ, Swingle RS, James ST, Deobald HM, Deobald JL, Woronuk GN, Marquess FLS. Performance and carcass characteristics when sorting feedlot cattle on the basis of phenotype, and leptin genotype along with differential use of β-adrenergic agonists. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.4141/cjas-2014-052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Kononoff, P. J., Defoor, P. J., Engler, M. J., Swingle, R. S., James, S. Y., Deobald, H. M., Deobald, R. L., Woronuk, G. N. and Marquess, F. L. S. 2015. Performance and carcass characteristics when sorting feedlot cattle on the basis of phenotype, and leptin genotype along with differential use of β-adrenergic agonists. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 455–463. Crossbred steers were used in a randomized complete block design to evaluate a feedlot cattle sorting system. The sorting system combined information on live body weight, ultrasound fat thickness, coat color, and genotype on the leptin R25C genotype. Using described sorting criteria, a total of four groups (Groups 1–4) of cattle were created along with a randomly selected unsorted control (Group 5), with Groups 1 through 5 representing experimental treatments, and placed in one of five pens within each block. Block was replicated 10 times thus n equaled 50. All cattle were administered zilpaterol hydrochloride except Group 3, which we hypothesized would have a greater proportion of cattle reaching a higher value Quality Grade, and as a result administered ractopamine hydrochloride. The initial body weight of cattle was similar (P=0.426) between the control Group and Groups 1–4. Initial fat, as measured by ultrasound, was also observed to be similar (P=0.256) between these two groups. Overall, when cattle included in Groups 1–4 were compared with Group 5, hot carcass weight was greater (P=0.040), while the proportion of excessively heavy weight carcasses was less (P=0.049). Additionally, hot carcass weight gain tended (P=0.096) to be higher for Groups 1–4 compared with Group 5. No differences (P≥0.129) were observed for calculated yield grade. On average, cattle included in the Sorting Groups 1–4 returned $23 more per head than those in Group 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. J. Kononoff
- Department of Animal Science, C220j Animal Science, Lincoln, NE, 68582-0908, USA
- Participation through consulting agreement with Quantum Genetix, Canada Inc
| | | | | | | | - S. T. James
- Quantum Genetix Canada Inc., Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 3R3
| | - H. M. Deobald
- Quantum Genetix Canada Inc., Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 3R3
| | - J. L. Deobald
- Quantum Genetix Canada Inc., Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 3R3
| | - G. N. Woronuk
- Quantum Genetix Canada Inc., Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 3R3
| | - F. L. S. Marquess
- Quantum Genetix Canada Inc., Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 3R3
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19
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Wang C, Zhang H, Niu L, Guo J, Jia X, Wang L, Li L, Zhang H, Zhong T. The novel SNPs of leptin gene and their associations with growth traits in Chinese Nanjiang Yellow goat. Gene 2015; 572:35-41. [PMID: 26142105 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.06.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The leptin (LEP) gene encodes a protein that greatly affects the regulation of body weight, energy balance, and food intake in mammals. The objective of the present work was to identify genetic variants of the caprine LEP gene in 411 individuals from five Chinese goat breeds. Six novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (g.117T > C, g.1642G > A, g.2883G > A, g.3053T > C, g.3190G > A, and g.3314T > C) were detected using DNA sequencing. A chi-squared (χ(2)) test showed that all of the LEP SNPs were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the studied population (P > 0.05). Six common haplotypes were identified in the five goat populations, with frequencies ranging from 0.083 to 0.244. The r(2) linkage disequilibrium plot of the LEP SNPs indicated linkage disequilibrium only in the cultured breeds (NJ and JY). Statistical analysis revealed that all of the six SNPs of the LEP gene were associated with growth traits. The individuals with the GG genotype at g.1642G>A and g.3190G > A loci showed higher birth weight (2.38 ± 0.03, 2.43 ± 0.05) and weight at 2 months of age (10.59 ± 0.16, 10.71 ± 0.26) than the A-bearing genotypes (AA or GA, P < 0.05). Our findings indicate that polymorphisms of the caprine LEP gene might be important genetic factors influencing growth traits, and these genetic markers may be useful for future marker-assisted selection programs in goat breeding and production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cen Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lili Niu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiazhong Guo
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianbo Jia
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Linjie Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongping Zhang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Zhong
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
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Kononoff PJ, Defoor PJ, Engler MJ, Swingle RS, James ST, Marquess FLS. Impact of a leptin single nucleotide polymorphism and ractopamine hydrochloride on growth and carcass characteristics in finishing steers. J Anim Sci 2014; 92:2702-7. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2013-7355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P. J. Kononoff
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln 68582-0908
| | | | | | | | - S. T. James
- Quantum Genetix Canada Inc., Saskatoon, SK S7N 3R3, Canada
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21
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Tizioto PC, Gasparin G, Souza MM, Mudadu MA, Coutinho LL, Mourão GB, Tholon P, Meirelles SLC, Tullio RR, Rosa AN, Alencar MM, Medeiros SR, Siqueira F, Feijó GLD, Nassu RT, Regitano LCA. Identification of KCNJ11 as a functional candidate gene for bovine meat tenderness. Physiol Genomics 2013; 45:1215-21. [PMID: 24151244 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00137.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The potassium inwardly rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 11 (KCNJ11) gene was investigated as a candidate for meat tenderness based on the effects reported on muscle for KCNJ11 gene knockout in rat models and its position in a quantitative trait locus (QTL) for meat tenderness in the bovine genome. Sequence variations in the KCNJ11 gene were described by sequencing six amplified fragments, covering almost the entire gene. We identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and validated them by different approaches, taking advantage of simultaneous projects that are being developed with the same Nelore population. By sequencing the KCNJ11 in Nelore steers representing extreme phenotypes for Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), it was possible to identify 22 SNPs. We validated two of the identified markers by genotyping the whole population (n = 460). Analysis of association between genotypes and WBSF values revealed a significant additive effect of a SNP at different meat aging times (P ≤ 0.05). In addition, an association between the expression levels of KCNJ11 and WBSF was found, with lower expression levels of KCNJ11 associated with more tender meat (P ≤ 0.05). The results showed that the KCNJ11 gene is a candidate mapped to a QTL for meat tenderness previously identified on BTA15 and may be useful to identify animals with genetic potential to produce tender meat. The effect of KCNJ11 observed on muscle is potentially due to changes in activity of KATP channels, which in turn influence the flow of potassium in the intracellular space, allowing establishment of the membrane potential necessary for muscle contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polyana C Tizioto
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
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22
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Maitra A, Sharma R, Pandey A, Singh L, Mandakmale S, Mishra B. Preliminary identification and characterisation of leptin gene polymorphism in Indian goats. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2013.795895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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23
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Mokry FB, Higa RH, de Alvarenga Mudadu M, Oliveira de Lima A, Meirelles SLC, Barbosa da Silva MVG, Cardoso FF, Morgado de Oliveira M, Urbinati I, Méo Niciura SC, Tullio RR, Mello de Alencar M, Correia de Almeida Regitano L. Genome-wide association study for backfat thickness in Canchim beef cattle using Random Forest approach. BMC Genet 2013; 14:47. [PMID: 23738659 PMCID: PMC3680339 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2156-14-47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Meat quality involves many traits, such as marbling, tenderness, juiciness, and backfat thickness, all of which require attention from livestock producers. Backfat thickness improvement by means of traditional selection techniques in Canchim beef cattle has been challenging due to its low heritability, and it is measured late in an animal’s life. Therefore, the implementation of new methodologies for identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) linked to backfat thickness are an important strategy for genetic improvement of carcass and meat quality. Results The set of SNPs identified by the random forest approach explained as much as 50% of the deregressed estimated breeding value (dEBV) variance associated with backfat thickness, and a small set of 5 SNPs were able to explain 34% of the dEBV for backfat thickness. Several quantitative trait loci (QTL) for fat-related traits were found in the surrounding areas of the SNPs, as well as many genes with roles in lipid metabolism. Conclusions These results provided a better understanding of the backfat deposition and regulation pathways, and can be considered a starting point for future implementation of a genomic selection program for backfat thickness in Canchim beef cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Barichello Mokry
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz, km 235, PO BOX 676, 13565-905, São Carlos, Brazil.
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Expression of genes related to quality of Longissimus dorsi muscle meat in Nellore (Bos indicus) and Canchim (5/8 Bos taurus×3/8 Bos indicus) cattle. Meat Sci 2013; 94:247-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Revised: 01/27/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Kim H, Lee SK, Hong MW, Park SR, Lee YS, Kim JW, Lee HK, Jeong DK, Song YH, Lee SJ. Association of a single nucleotide polymorphism in the akirin 2 gene with economically important traits in Korean native cattle. Anim Genet 2013; 44:750-3. [PMID: 23718263 DOI: 10.1111/age.12055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The akirin 2 gene, located on chromosome 9 in cattle, was previously reported to be associated with nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), involved in immune reactions and marbling of meat. To determine whether a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in akirin 2 is associated with economically important traits of Korean native cattle, the c.*188G>A SNP DNA marker in the 3'-UTR region of akirin 2 was analyzed for its association with carcass weight, longissimus muscle area and marbling. The c.*188G>A SNP was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism, and the frequency of the AA, AG, and GG genotypes were 6.82%, 71.29% and 21.88% respectively. This SNP was significantly associated with longissimus muscle area (Bonferroni corrected P < 0.05), and marbling score (Bonferroni corrected P < 0.01). These results suggest that the c.*188G>A SNP of akirin 2 might be useful as a DNA marker for longissimus muscle area and marbling scores in Korean native cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kim
- College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Korea
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26
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Tizioto P, Meirelles S, Veneroni G, Tullio R, Rosa A, Alencar M, Medeiros S, Siqueira F, Feijó G, Silva L, Torres R, Regitano L. A SNP in ASAP1 gene is associated with meat quality and production traits in Nelore breed. Meat Sci 2012; 92:855-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2011] [Revised: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Mrázová Ľ, Židek R, Angelovičová M, Král M. Comparison and assessment of leptin receptor expression by the following Origami aetheroleum study at broiler chickens COBB 500. POTRAVINARSTVO 2012. [DOI: 10.5219/209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The recently discovered protein, leptin, is a 16 kD protein consisting of 146 amino acids which is synthesized primarily by adipose tissue and is secreted into the bloodstream after cleavage of the 21 amino acids signal peptide. Leptin impacts feed intake, the neuroendocrine-axis, metabolism and immunological processes. Leptin was first identified as the gene product found deficient in the obese ob/ob mouse. The hypothalamus appears to be the primary site of action, since leptin receptors are located within hypothalamic areas associated with control of appetite, reproduction and growth. Using herbs and essential oils depends on their antimicrobial activity. Most plants have favorable multifunctional properties, which are the specific content of bioactive components. Some authors characterize phytogenic substance such as natural substances plant origin, which leave no residues in animal products and is not necessary to keep the trade period before slaughter animals. Analyzes suggest that the structural function of the receptor exists as a dimer constructively in the plasma membrane. Each receptor dimer pair is reversibly bound to one molecule of leptin. When bound, signaling pathways are responsible for beginning the activation receptor associated Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and tyrosine phosphorylation of two key residues in the intracellular part of receptor. The aim of our experiment was to optimize the methodology for monitoring the expression of the leptin receptor extracellular avian model. We used samples of internal organs and abdominal fat chickens that were fed spirit and also fat and organ samples from broiler chickens from the control group. In heard tissue, spleen, liver at a relatively high concentration of total cDNA in the sample length leptin receptor extracellular fragment located in the expected quantities.
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da Silva RCG, Ferraz JBS, Meirelles FV, Eler JP, Balieiro JCC, Cucco DC, Mattos EC, Rezende FM, Silva SL. Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the bovine leptin and leptin receptor genes with growth and ultrasound carcass traits in Nellore cattle. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2012; 11:3721-8. [PMID: 22930433 DOI: 10.4238/2012.august.17.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Given the important role of leptin in metabolism, we looked for a possible association of leptin and leptin receptor polymorphisms with carcass and growth traits in Nellore cattle. We examined associations of leptin and leptin receptor SNPs with ultrasound carcass (longissimus dorsi muscle area (ribeye area), backfat thickness and rump fat thickness and growth traits (weaning weight adjusted to 210 days of age, yearling weight adjusted to 550 days of age, weight gain of weaning to yearling and scrotal circumference adjusted to 550 days of age) of 2162 Bos primigenius indicus (Nellore) animals. Allele and genotypic frequencies were calculated for each marker. Allele substitution, additive and dominance effects of the polymorphisms were also evaluated. Some alleles of the molecular markers had low frequencies, lower than 1%, in the sample analyzed, although the same polymorphisms described for B. p. taurus cattle were found. Due to very low allelic frequencies, the E2JW, A59V and UASMS2 markers were not included in the analysis, because they were almost fixed. E2FB was found to be significantly associated with weight gain, ribeye area and backfat thickness. The promoter region markers, C963T and UASMS1, were also found to be significantly associated with ribeye area. T945M was significantly associated with weight gain. We conclude that the leptin and receptor gene markers would be useful for marker-assisted selection.
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29
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Ekerljung M, Li X, Lundén A, Lundström K, Marklund S, Näsholm A. Associations between candidate SNPs in the calpain 1, calpastatin and leptin genes and meat tenderness among Swedish beef populations. ACTA AGR SCAND A-AN 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/09064702.2012.747559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Trujillo A, Peñagaricano F, Grignola M, Nicolini P, Casal A, Espasandín A, Naya H, Carriquiry M, Chilibroste P. Using high resolution melting analysis to identify variation of NPY, LEP and IGF-1 genes in Angus cattle. Livest Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2012.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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31
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Melucci LM, Panarace M, Feula P, Villarreal EL, Grigioni G, Carduza F, Soria LA, Mezzadra CA, Arceo ME, Papaleo Mazzucco J, Corva PM, Irurueta M, Rogberg-Muñoz A, Miquel MC. Genetic and management factors affecting beef quality in grazing Hereford steers. Meat Sci 2012; 92:768-74. [PMID: 22818350 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Revised: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Attributes contributing to differences in beef quality of 206 Hereford steers finished on pasture were assessed. Beef quality traits evaluated were: Warner-Bratzler meat tenderness and muscle and fat color at one and seven days after slaughter and trained sensory panel traits (tenderness, juiciness, flavor, and marbling) at seven days. Molecular markers were CAPN1 316 and an SNP in exon 2 on the leptin gene (E2FB). Average daily live weight gain, ultrasound monthly backfat thickness gain and rib-eye area gain were estimated. Molecular markers effects on meat quality traits were analyzed by mixed models. Association of meat quality with post weaning growth traits was analyzed by canonical correlations. Muscle color and marbling were affected by CAPN1 316 and E2FB and Warner-Bratzler meat tenderness by the former. The results confirm that marker assisted selection for tenderness is advisable only when beef aging is a common practice. The most important sources of variation in tenderness and color of meat remained unaccounted for.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Melucci
- Área de Investigación en Producción Animal, Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Ruta Nac. 226 km 73.5, (7620) Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Abstract
Fat affects meat quality, value and production efficiency as well as providing energy reserves for pregnancy and lactation in farm livestock. Leptin, the adipocyte product of the obese (ob) gene, was quickly seen as a predictor of body fat content in animals approaching slaughter and an aid to assessing reproductive readiness in females. Its participation in inflammation and immune responses that help animals survive infection and trauma has clear additional relevance to meat and milk production. Furthermore, almost a decade of discoveries of nucleotide polymorphisms in the leptin and leptin receptor genes has suggested useful applications relating to feed intake regulation, the efficiency of feed use, the composition of growth, the timing of puberty, mammogenesis and mammary gland function and fertility in cattle, pigs and poultry. The current review attempts to summarise where research has taken us in each of these aspects and speculates on where future research might lead.
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Baeza MC, Corva PM, Soria LA, Rincon G, Medrano JF, Pavan E, Villarreal EL, Schor A, Melucci L, Mezzadra C, Miquel MC. Genetic markers of body composition and carcass quality in grazing Brangus steers. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2011; 10:3146-56. [PMID: 22194170 DOI: 10.4238/2011.december.19.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The somatotropic axis is a major regulatory pathway of energy metabolism during postnatal growth in mammals. Genes involved in this pathway influence many economically important traits. The association of selected SNPs in these genes with carcass traits was examined in grazing Brangus steers. These traits included final live weight, ultrasound backfat thickness (UBFT), rib-eye area, kidney fat weight, hot carcass weight, and intramuscular fat percentage (%IMF). Genomic DNA (N = 246) was genotyped for a panel of 15 tag SNPs located in the growth hormone receptor (GHR), insulin-like growth factor I, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 6, pro-melanin-concentrating hormone, suppressor of cytokine signaling 2, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) genes. Allelic and haplotype frequencies were compared with those of a sample of European breeds (N = 177 steers). Two tag SNPs in the GHR affected %IMF; one of them (ss86273136) was also strongly associated with UBFT (P < 0.003). The frequency of the most favorable GHR haplotype for %IMF was lower in Brangus steers. Moreover, the haplotype carrying two unfavorable alleles was present at a frequency of 31% in this group. Four tag SNPs on STAT6 had a significant effect on UBFT. One of these, SNP ss115492467, was also associated with %IMF. The STAT6 haplotype, including all the alleles favoring UBFT, was the most abundant variant (34%) in the European cattle, while it had a frequency of 14% in the Brangus steers. The four less favorable variants (absent in the European cattle) were found at a frequency of 38% in the Brangus steers. These results support the association of GHR and STAT6 SNP with carcass traits in composite breeds, such as Brangus, under grazing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Baeza
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Unidad Integrada Balcarce, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Balcarce, Argentina
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Shin S, Heo J, Yeo J, Lee C, Chung E. Genetic association of phosphodiesterase 1B (PDE1B) with carcass traits in Korean cattle. Mol Biol Rep 2011; 39:4869-74. [PMID: 21960012 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-1280-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2011] [Accepted: 09/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative trait loci for fat deposition and carcass traits have been identified in the vicinity of the gene encoding phosphodiesterase 1B (PDE1B) on bovine chromosome 5. Therefore, the PDE1B gene can be considered as a positional and functional candidate gene for carcass traits in beef cattle. This study aimed to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the PDE1B gene and to evaluate their associations with carcass traits in Korean cattle. Eight SNPs, g.440T>G, g.17122A>G, g.17507A>C, g.17575A>G, g.17607T>C, g.17609C>A, g.17692C>T, and g.17707C>G, were identified in the region ranged from exon 1 to intron 6. Five of them were used for association analysis because of their availability of restriction fragment length polymorphisms. As a result, g.17122A>G in intron 3 was significantly associated with backfat thickness (BFT), and g.17507A>C in exon 5 was associated with longissimus dorsi muscle area (LMA, P < 0.05). Animals with the AG genotype of g.17122 had thicker BFT than those with the AA genotype. Animals with the AA or AC genotype of g.17507A>C had larger LMA than those with the CC genotype. We suggested the PDE1B gene as a candidate gene for carcass traits of beef cattle. Fine mapping would be required for application to marker-assisted selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungchul Shin
- Division of Animal Science and Resources, College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Sangji University, 660 Usnadong, Wonju, Gangwondo, 220-702, Korea
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Orrù L, Abeni F, Catillo G, Grandoni F, Crisà A, De Matteis G, Carmela Scatà M, Napolitano F, Moioli B. Leptin gene haplotypes are associated with change in immunological and hematological variables in dairy cow during the peripartum period. J Anim Sci 2011; 90:16-26. [PMID: 21890501 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2010-3706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the effect of polymorphisms in the leptin gene on the hematological variables in periparturient dairy cows was investigated. The hematological profile of 67 Holstein cows was assessed for 6 wk around calving. The DNA of the cows was genotyped at 6 polymorphic loci within the leptin gene, and 7 haplotypes were reconstructed. Significant haplotype substitution effects were found, for haplotype 1, on total white blood cell count for 2 wk around calving (+0.70 10(3)/μL, P = 0.05; +1.38 10(3)/μL, P = 0.0001); on neutrophil cell count in the first week after calving (+0.94 10(3)/μL, P = 0.001); on lymphocyte count during the 3 wk before and the first week after calving (+0.32 10(3)/μL, P = 0.05; +0.27 10(3)/μL, P = 0.03; +0.26 10(3)/μL, P = 0.04; +0.34 10(3)/μL, P = 0.01); on red blood cell count during the last week before calving and wk 1 and 2 after calving (+0.21 10(6)/μL, P = 0.02; +0.23 10(6)/μL, P = 0.01; +0.20 10(6)/μL, P = 0.03); on mean corpuscular volume (-1.35 fL, P = 0.01; -1.29 fL, P = 0.002; -1.18 fL, P = 0.004; -1.09 fL, P = 0.008; -1.23 fL, P = 0.003; -1.31 fL, P = 0.003); and on mean corpuscular hemoglobin (-0.37 pg, P = 0.05; -0.38 pg, P = 0.02; -0.39 pg, P = 0.01; -0.34 pg, P = 0.03; -0.40 pg, P = 0.01; -0.40 pg, P = 0.01) during all 6 wk analyzed. Significant haplotype substitution effects, but opposite those of haplotype-1, were found for haplotype-2 on white blood cell count (-1.10 10(3)/μL, P = 0.01; -1.30 10(3)/μL, P = 0.002; -1.09 10(3)/μL, P = 0.01) and neutrophil count (-0.82 10(3)/μL, P = 0.02; -0.95 10(3)/μL, P = 0.005; -0.92 10(3)/μL, P = 0.01). Haplotype-3 influenced red blood cell count (-0.23 10(6)/μL, P = 0.03; -0.28 10(6)/μL, P = 0.01; -0.34 10(6)/μL, P = 0.002) during the last 2 wk before and the first week after calving, and also, with effects evident only in wk 3 and 2 before calving, mean corpuscular volume (+1.38 fL, P = 0.03; +0.97 fL, P = 0.05; +1.08 fL, P = 0.05), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (+0.58 pg, P = 0.02; +0.38 pg, P = 0.04; 0.51 pg, P = 0.01), and red blood cell distribution width (-0.56% P = 0.02; -0.47%, P = 0.05). The current study provided evidence that several polymorphisms in the leptin gene play a role in the variability of hematological variables during the peripartum period, and might be used as genetic markers for improving the immunological conditions of dairy cows in critical productive periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Orrù
- CRA-GPG (Consiglio per la Ricerca e Sperimentazione in Agricoltura-Centro di Ricerca per la Genomica e la PostGenomica), Genomic Research Centre, Via S Protaso 302, 29017 Fiorenzuola D'Arda (Piacenza) Italy.
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Meirelles SL, Gouveia GV, Gasparin G, Alencar MM, Gouveia JJS, Regitano LCA. Candidate gene region for control of rib eye area in Canchim beef cattle. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2011; 10:1220-6. [PMID: 21732286 DOI: 10.4238/vol10-2gmr1175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Investigation of molecular marker effects on production traits is essential to define marker assisted selection strategies in beef cattle. We looked for a possible association of molecular markers and backfat thickness (BFT) and rib eye area (REA) in Canchim (5/8 Charolais + 3/8 Zebu) and MA (offspring of Charolais bulls and 1/2 Canchim + 1/2 Zebu cows) animals raised exclusively on pasture. Traits were measured on 987 individuals from seven herds from two Brazilian States (São Paulo and Goiás), in March and April from 2005 to 2007, when animals were, on average, 19 months of age. Five microsatellite markers lying in QTL regions for BFT and REA (BMS490 and ETH10 on chromosome 5, INRA133 and ILSTS090 on chromosome 6, and BMS2142 on chromosome 19) were genotyped and association analyses were performed under an animal model using the restricted maximum likelihood method. After correction for multiple tests, a significant effect of microsatellite BMS490 on REA was observed, suggesting that at least one QTL affecting carcass traits in this region of the BTA5. No significant effect on BFT was observed for these markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Meirelles
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
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Orrù L, Cifuni G, Piasentier E, Corazzin M, Bovolenta S, Moioli B. Association analyses of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the LEP and SCD1 genes on the fatty acid profile of muscle fat in Simmental bulls. Meat Sci 2011; 87:344-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2010] [Revised: 11/08/2010] [Accepted: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Curi R, Chardulo L, Arrigoni M, Silveira A, de Oliveira H. Associations between LEP, DGAT1 and FABP4 gene polymorphisms and carcass and meat traits in Nelore and crossbred beef cattle. Livest Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2010.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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DeVuyst EA, Biermacher JT, Lusk JL, Mateescu RG, Blanton JB, Swigert JS, Cook BJ, Reuter RR. Relationships between fed cattle traits and Igenity panel scores. J Anim Sci 2011; 89:1260-9. [PMID: 21278104 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2009-2372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although several previous studies have identified associations between cattle carcass characteristics and various SNP, comparatively little work has sought to validate the marker panels currently sold and marketed by commercial genotyping companies. Panels typically use a handful of SNP, but these range from as few as 2 to more than 100. Data from 764 commercially fed steers and heifers were used to assess the relationships of growth and carcass traits and Igenity panel scores for ADG, marbling (or percentage of USDA Choice), rib-eye area (REA), tenderness, fat thickness, and USDA Yield grade (YG). Results revealed statistically significant, but low, correlations between carcass measurements and corresponding Igenity panel scores. Genetic correlations were computed among the various Igenity panels and demonstrated either that several common markers existed across the panels or that markers across panels were in high linkage disequilibrium. Across all breeds, the genotypic correlations between the Igenity panel scores for ADG, REA, marbling, and YG with observed ADG, REA, USDA Quality grade, and YG at slaughter were 0.51, 0.38, 0.63, and 0.59 (P < 0.01), respectively. The partial effects of the Igenity marbling panel persisted in a multivariate regression model. Net return was significantly affected only by marbling panel score; a 1-unit increase in marbling panel score increased the net return by an estimated $7.53 per animal.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A DeVuyst
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater 74078, USA.
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40
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Othman OE, Zayed FA, El Gawead AA, El-Rahman MR. Genetic polymorphism of two genes associated with carcass trait in Egyptian buffaloes. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2011.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Veneroni GB, Meirelles SL, Grossi DA, Gasparin G, Ibelli AMG, Tizioto PC, Oliveira HN, Alencar MM, Regitano LCA. Prospecting candidate SNPs for backfat in Canchim beef cattle. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2010; 9:1997-2003. [PMID: 20957603 DOI: 10.4238/vol9-4gmr788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Canchim is a composite cattle breed developed in Brazil for beef production. One of the breeding objectives is to increase fat deposition. QTLs for fat thickness and/or marbling have been reported on BTA4 and BTA14. The IGFBP3 and DDEF1 genes, mapped to BTA4 and BTA14, respectively, affect adipogenesis. We looked for SNPs in the IGFBP3 and DDEF1 genes that could be associated with backfat thickness in Canchim beef cattle. For SNP identification, sires with the highest accuracy were ranked according to expected breeding value for fat thickness; the 12 extremes (six sires with the highest and six with the lowest expected breeding value for the trait) were chosen. Six regions of the IGFBP3 and 14 regions of the DDEF1 were sequenced using the Sanger method. Nine SNPs were identified in IGFBP3 and 76 in the DDEF1. After an initial analysis, two SNPs were selected to be genotyped for the whole population; these were DDEF1g.279401A>G and IGFBP3c.4394T>C(Trp>Arg). We found a significant effect (P ≤ 0.05) of allele substitution on backfat thickness; however, the IGFBP3 SNP did not significantly affect this trait.
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Affiliation(s)
- G B Veneroni
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
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Liu D, Hu Y, Yang X, Liu Y, Wei S, Jiang Y. Identification and genetic effects of a novel polymorphism in the distal promoter region of porcine leptin gene. Mol Biol Rep 2010; 38:2051-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-010-0330-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2009] [Accepted: 09/03/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Giblin L, Butler ST, Kearney BM, Waters SM, Callanan MJ, Berry DP. Association of bovine leptin polymorphisms with energy output and energy storage traits in progeny tested Holstein-Friesian dairy cattle sires. BMC Genet 2010; 11:73. [PMID: 20670403 PMCID: PMC2920856 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2156-11-73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2010] [Accepted: 07/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Leptin modulates appetite, energy expenditure and the reproductive axis by signalling via its receptor the status of body energy stores to the brain. The present study aimed to quantify the associations between 10 novel and known single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes coding for leptin and leptin receptor with performance traits in 848 Holstein-Friesian sires, estimated from performance of up to 43,117 daughter-parity records per sire. Results All single nucleotide polymorphisms were segregating in this sample population and none deviated (P > 0.05) from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Complete linkage disequilibrium existed between the novel polymorphism LEP-1609, and the previously identified polymorphisms LEP-1457 and LEP-580. LEP-2470 associated (P < 0.05) with milk protein concentration and calf perinatal mortality. It had a tendency to associate with milk yield (P < 0.1). The G allele of LEP-1238 was associated (P < 0.05) with reduced milk fat concentration, reduced milk protein concentration, longer gestation length and tended to associate (P < 0.1) with an increase in calving difficulty, calf perinatal mortality and somatic cells in the milk. LEP-963 exhibited an association (P < 0.05) with milk fat concentration, milk protein concentration, calving difficulty and gestation length. It also tended to associate with milk yield (P < 0.1). The R25C SNP associated (P < 0.05) with milk fat concentration, milk protein concentration, calving difficulty and length of gestation. The T allele of the Y7F SNP significantly associated with reduced angularity (P < 0.01) and reduced milk protein yield (P < 0.05). There was also a tendency (P < 0.1) for Y7F to associate with increased body condition score, reduced milk yield and shorter gestation (P < 0.1). A80V associated with reduced survival in the herd (P < 0.05). Conclusions Several leptin polymorphisms (LEP-2470, LEP-1238, LEP-963, Y7F and R25C) associated with the energetically expensive process of lactogenesis. Only SNP Y7F associated with energy storage. Associations were also observed between leptin polymorphisms and calving difficulty, gestation length and calf perinatal mortality. The lack of an association between the leptin variants investigated with calving interval in this large data set would question the potential importance of these leptin variants, or indeed leptin, in selection for improved fertility in the Holstein-Friesian dairy cow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Giblin
- Teagasc, Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland.
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Karasik D, Kiel DP. Evidence for pleiotropic factors in genetics of the musculoskeletal system. Bone 2010; 46:1226-37. [PMID: 20149904 PMCID: PMC4852133 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2010.01.382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2010] [Revised: 01/20/2010] [Accepted: 01/29/2010] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
There are both theoretical and empirical underpinnings that provide evidence that the musculoskeletal system develops, functions, and ages as a whole. Thus, the risk of osteoporotic fracture can be viewed as a function of loading conditions and the ability of the bone to withstand the load. Both bone loss (osteoporosis) and muscle wasting (sarcopenia) are the two sides of the same coin, an involution of the musculoskeletal system. Skeletal loads are dominated by muscle action; both bone and muscle share environmental, endocrine and paracrine influences. Muscle also has an endocrine function by producing bioactive molecules, which can contribute to homeostatic regulation of both bone and muscle. It also becomes clear that bone and muscle share genetic determinants; therefore the consideration of pleiotropy is an important aspect in the study of the genetics of osteoporosis and sarcopenia. The aim of this review is to provide an additional evidence for existence of the tight genetic co-regulation of muscles and bones, starting early in development and still evident in aging. Recently, important papers were published, including those dealing with the cellular mechanisms and anatomic substrate of bone mechanosensitivity. Further evidence has emerged suggesting that the relationship between skeletal muscle and bone parameters extends beyond the general paradigm of bone responses to mechanical loading. We provide insights into several pathways and single genes, which apparently have a biologically plausible pleiotropic effect on both bones and muscles; the list is continuing to grow. Understanding the crosstalk between muscles and bones will translate into a conceptual framework aimed at studying the pleiotropic genetic relationships in the etiology of complex musculoskeletal disease. We believe that further progress in understanding the common genetic etiology of osteoporosis and sarcopenia will provide valuable insight into important biological underpinnings for both musculoskeletal conditions. This may translate into new approaches to reduce the burden of both conditions, which are prevalent in the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Karasik
- Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, 1200 Centre Street, Boston, MA 02131, USA.
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Identification of QTL with effects on fatty acid composition of meat in a Charolais x Holstein cross population. Meat Sci 2010; 85:721-9. [PMID: 20416790 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2009] [Revised: 02/03/2010] [Accepted: 03/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A whole-genome scan was carried out to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) influencing beef fatty acid composition using a CharolaisxHolstein population established using a balanced F2 and Backcross breeding design. The phenotypes considered in this study included a total of 24 fatty acid related traits determined in loin muscle samples of the 235 second-generation cross-bred bull calves of the herd. The QTL regression analysis performed, based on 165 microsatellite markers distributed across the 29 bovine autosomes, identified 34 QTL with F-ratios exceeding the 5% chromosome-wide significance threshold. Three of these QTL, one located on chromosome 1 (for the content on linoleic acid, C18:2n-6) and two on chromosome 10 (for the content of gamma-linoleic DPA-docosapentaenoic and DPA-docosapentaenoic, C20:3n-6 and C22:5n-3), also exceeded the 5% genome-wide significance level. A follow-up analysis correcting for intramuscular fat content showed that some of the QTL detected initially (e.g. those localised on chromosome 22) were influenced by fat deposition differences between the founder breeds. The coincident location of some of the linkage associations identified and QTL previously reported for beef fatty acid composition and other meat quality traits, in the same or other cattle populations, provides supporting evidence for the results reported here.
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Zhang Z, Buckler ES, Casstevens TM, Bradbury PJ. Software engineering the mixed model for genome-wide association studies on large samples. Brief Bioinform 2010; 10:664-75. [PMID: 19933212 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbp050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mixed models improve the ability to detect phenotype-genotype associations in the presence of population stratification and multiple levels of relatedness in genome-wide association studies (GWAS), but for large data sets the resource consumption becomes impractical. At the same time, the sample size and number of markers used for GWAS is increasing dramatically, resulting in greater statistical power to detect those associations. The use of mixed models with increasingly large data sets depends on the availability of software for analyzing those models. While multiple software packages implement the mixed model method, no single package provides the best combination of fast computation, ability to handle large samples, flexible modeling and ease of use. Key elements of association analysis with mixed models are reviewed, including modeling phenotype-genotype associations using mixed models, population stratification, kinship and its estimation, variance component estimation, use of best linear unbiased predictors or residuals in place of raw phenotype, improving efficiency and software-user interaction. The available software packages are evaluated, and suggestions made for future software development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwu Zhang
- Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
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Brickell J, Pollott G, Clempson A, Otter N, Wathes D. Polymorphisms in the bovine leptin gene associated with perinatal mortality in Holstein-Friesian heifers. J Dairy Sci 2010; 93:340-7. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2009-2457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2009] [Accepted: 09/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Genetic Variability and Linkage Disequilibrium Patterns in the Bovine DNAJA1 Gene. Mol Biotechnol 2009; 44:190-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s12033-009-9228-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Sadkowski T, Jank M, Zwierzchowski L, Oprzadek J, Motyl T. Comparison of skeletal muscle transcriptional profiles in dairy and beef breeds bulls. J Appl Genet 2009; 50:109-23. [PMID: 19433908 DOI: 10.1007/bf03195662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A cDNA microarray (18 263 probes) was used for transcriptome analysis of bovine skeletal muscle (m. semitendinosus) in 12-month-old bulls of the beef breed Limousin (LIM) and the typical dairy breed Holstein-Friesian (HF, used as a reference). We aimed to identify the genes whose expression may reflect the muscle phenotype of beef bulls. A comparison of muscle transcriptional profiles revealed significant differences in expression of 393 genes between HF and LIM. We classified biological functions of 117 genes with over 2-fold differences in expression between the examined breeds. Among them, 72 genes were up-regulated and 45 genes were down-regulated in LIM vs. HF. The genes were involved in protein metabolism and modifications (22 genes), signal transduction (15), nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolism (13), cell cycle (9), cell structure and motility (9), developmental processes (9), intracellular protein traffic (7), cell proliferation and differentiation (6), cell adhesion (6), lipid, fatty acid and steroid metabolism (5), transport (5), and other processes. For the purpose of microarray data validation, we randomly selected 4 genes: trip12, mrps30, pycrl, and c-erbb3. Real-time RT-PCR results showed similar trends in gene expression changes as those observed in microarray studies. Basing on results of the present study, we proposed a model of the regulation of skeletal muscle growth and differentiation, with a principal role of the somatotropic pathway. It may explain at least in part the development of muscle phenotype in LIM bulls. We assume that the growth hormone directly or indirectly (through IGF-1) activates the calcium-signaling pathway with calcineurin, which stimulates myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) and inhibits early growth response gene. The inhibition results in indirect activation of MRFs and impaired activation of TGF-beta1 and myostatin, which finally facilitates terminal muscle differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sadkowski
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
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50
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Gill JL, Bishop SC, McCorquodale C, Williams JL, Wiener P. Association of selected SNP with carcass and taste panel assessed meat quality traits in a commercial population of Aberdeen Angus-sired beef cattle. Genet Sel Evol 2009; 41:36. [PMID: 19555501 PMCID: PMC2714298 DOI: 10.1186/1297-9686-41-36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2008] [Accepted: 06/25/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), previously associated with meat and milk quality traits in cattle, in a population of 443 commercial Aberdeen Angus-cross beef cattle. The eight SNP, which were located within five genes: mu-calpain (CAPN1), calpastatin (CAST), leptin (LEP), growth hormone receptor (GHR) and acylCoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1), are included in various commercial tests for tenderness, fatness, carcass composition and milk yield/quality. METHODS A total of 27 traits were examined, 19 relating to carcass quality, such as carcass weight and fatness, one mechanical measure of tenderness, and the remaining seven were sensory traits, such as flavour and tenderness, assessed by a taste panel. RESULTS An SNP in the CAPN1 gene, CAPN316, was significantly associated with tenderness measured by both the tenderometer and the taste panel as well as the weight of the hindquarter, where animals inheriting the CC genotype had more tender meat and heavier hindquarters. An SNP in the leptin gene, UASMS2, significantly affected overall liking, where animals with the TT genotype were assigned higher scores by the panellists. The SNP in the GHR gene was significantly associated with odour, where animals inheriting the AA genotype produced steaks with an intense odour when compared with the other genotypes. Finally, the SNP in the DGAT1 gene was associated with sirloin weight after maturation and fat depth surrounding the sirloin, with animals inheriting the AA genotype having heavier sirloins and more fat. CONCLUSION The results of this study confirm some previously documented associations. Furthermore, novel associations have been identified which, following validation in other populations, could be incorporated into breeding programmes to improve meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Gill
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Roslin BioCentre, Roslin, Midlothian, UK.
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