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Ractopamine-induced remodeling in the mitochondrial proteome of postmortem longissimus lumborum muscle from feedlot steers. Livest Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2022.104923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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2
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Mazon MR, Antonelo DS, Gómez JF, Nubiato KE, Balage JM, Silva HB, Tapp WN, Leme PR, Goulart RS, Fukumasu H, Johnson BJ, Pesce DM, Silva SL. Effects of combining immunocastration and β-adrenergic agonists on the meat quality of Nellore cattle. Livest Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2019.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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3
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Rigdon M, Hung YC, Stelzleni AM. Replacing Traditional Enhancement Solutions with Alkaline Electrolyzed Water Does Not Improve Pork Shelf Life. MEAT AND MUSCLE BIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.22175/mmb2017.03.0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Sixty-four whole pork loins (Institutional Meat Purchase Specifications 413) were procured from a national supplier and randomly assigned to 4 treatments across 2 replications to evaluate the use of alkaline electrolyzed reduced water as a replacement for traditional salt and phosphate based enhancement solutions. Treatments included: alkaline electrolyzed reduced water (EOH; pH≈11.5), EOH plus 2.5% potassium lactate (EOK), industry standard (IS; 0.35% Sodium Tri-polyphosphate, 0.14% sodium chloride, 2.5% potassium lactate), and no enhancement (CON). After enhancement to a target of 110% raw loin weight, chops were cut (2.54-cm), vacuum packaged, and placed in simulated retail display for 30 d to determine treatment effects on objective and subjective shelf life color and lipid oxidation. Despite the alkaline nature of the enhancement solution, EOH chops were lighter in color (L*; P < 0.05) and less red (P < 0.05) but had greater proportions of deoxymyoglobin (P < 0.01) than IS chops across all days of retail display. Subjective color panelists rated the average color of EOH chops as brighter purplish-pink (P < 0.05) with less muscle darkening (P < 0.05) than both IS and CON. Additionally, EOH enhanced chops exhibited greater (P < 0.05) lipid oxidation than all other treatments. Although the addition of potassium lactate to EOH (EOK) was intermediate to EOH and IS for most measures, the use of alkaline electrolyzed reduced water as a pork enhancement solution was not able to maintain similar color or lipid oxidation properties when compared to a traditional salt and phosphate based enhancement solution and is therefore not recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macc Rigdon
- University of Georgia Department of Animal and Dairy Science
| | - Yen-Con Hung
- University of Georgia Department of Food Science and Technology
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Kim GD, Yang HS, Jeong JY. Comparison of Characteristics of Myosin Heavy Chain-based Fiber and Meat Quality among Four Bovine Skeletal Muscles. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2016; 36:819-828. [PMID: 28115894 PMCID: PMC5243967 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2016.36.6.819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle fiber characteristics account for meat quality and muscle fibers are mainly classified into three or more types according to their contractile and metabolic properties. However, the majority of previous studies on bovine skeletal muscle are based on myosin ATPase activity. In the present study, the differences in the characteristics of muscle fibers classified by the expression of myosin heavy chain (MHC) among four bovine skeletal muscles such as longissimus thoracis (LT), psoas major (PM), semimembranosus (SM) and semitendinosus (ST) and their relationships to beef quality were investigated. MHCs 2x, 2a and slow were identified by LC-MS/MS and IIX, IIA and I fiber types were classified. PM, which had the smallest size and highest density of fibers regardless of type, showed the highest myoglobin content, CIE L*, a*, b* and sarcomere length (p<0.05), whereas ST with the highest composition of IIX, showed high shear force and low sarcomere length (p<0.05). The correlation coefficients between muscle fiber characteristics and meat quality showed that type IIX is closely related to poor beef quality and that a high density of small-sized fibers is related to redness and tenderness. Therefore, the differences in meat quality between muscles can be explained by the differences in muscle fiber characteristics, and especially, the muscles with good quality are composed of more small-sized fibers regardless of fiber type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gap-Don Kim
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA
| | - Han-Sul Yang
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Jin-Yeon Jeong
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
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Dietary supplementation of ferulic acid to steers under commercial feedlot feeding conditions improves meat quality and shelf life. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Romero-Maya ÁM, Herrera-Haro JG, Pinos-Rodríguez JM, García-López JC, Bárcena-Gama R, González-Muñoz SS. Effects of Ractopamine Hydrochloride on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics in Wool and Hair Lambs. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2013.e32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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7
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Edenburn BM, Kneeskern SG, Bohrer BM, Rounds W, Boler DD, Dilger AC, Felix TL. Effects of supplementing zinc or chromium to finishing steers fed ractopamine hydrochloride on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality1. J Anim Sci 2016; 94:771-9. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2015-9979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Lean IJ, Thompson JM, Dunshea FR. A meta-analysis of zilpaterol and ractopamine effects on feedlot performance, carcass traits and shear strength of meat in cattle. PLoS One 2014; 9:e115904. [PMID: 25548908 PMCID: PMC4280124 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study is a meta-analysis of the effects of the beta-agonists zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH) and ractopamine hydrochloride (RAC) on feedlot performance, carcase characteristics of cattle and Warner Bratzler shear force (WBSF) of muscles. It was conducted to evaluate the effect of the use of these agents on beef production and meat quality and to provide data that would be useful in considerations on the effect of these agents on meat quality in Meat Standards Australia evaluations. We conducted a comprehensive literature search and study assessment using PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Scirus, and CAB and identification of other studies from reference lists in papers and searches. Searches were based on the key words: zilpaterol, zilmax, ractopamine, optaflexx, cattle and beef. Studies from theses obtained were included. Data were extracted from more than 50 comparisons for both agents and analysed using meta-analysis and meta-regression. Both agents markedly increased weight gain, hot carcase weight and longissimus muscle area and increased the efficiency of gain:feed. These effects were particularly large for ZH, however, fat thickness was decreased by ZH, but not RAC. Zilpaterol also markedly increased WBSF by 1.2 standard deviations and more than 0.8 kg, while RAC increased WBSF by 0.43 standard deviations and 0.2 kg. There is evidence in the ZH studies, in particular, of profound re-partitioning of nutrients from fat to protein depots. This work has provided critically needed information on the effects of ZH and RAC on production, efficiency and meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian J. Lean
- SBScibus, Camden, New South Wales, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - John M. Thompson
- Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Frank R. Dunshea
- School of Land and Environment, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Garmyn AJ, Brooks JC, Hodgen JM, Nichols WT, Hutcheson JP, Rathmann RJ, Miller MF. Comparative effects of supplementing beef steers with zilpaterol hydrochloride, ractopamine hydrochloride, or no beta agonist on strip loin composition, raw and cooked color properties, shear force, and consumer assessment of steaks aged for fourteen or twenty-one days postmortem1,2. J Anim Sci 2014; 92:3670-84. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2014-7840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. J. Garmyn
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409
| | - J. C. Brooks
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409
| | | | | | | | - R. J. Rathmann
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409
| | - M. F. Miller
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409
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Martin JN, Garmyn AJ, Miller MF, Hodgen JM, Pfeiffer KD, Thomas CL, Rathmann RJ, Yates DA, Hutcheson JP, Brooks JC. Comparative effects of beta-adrenergic agonist supplementation on the yield and quality attributes of selected subprimals from calf-fed Holstein steers. J Anim Sci 2014; 92:4204-16. [PMID: 25006060 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2014-7881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical portioning tests were performed on beef rib, strip loin, tenderloin, and top sirloin subprimals obtained from calf-fed Holstein steers to characterize the influence of zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH), ractopamine hydrochloride (RH), or no β-adrenergic agonist (βAA; CON) on subprimal and steak yield. In addition, βAA effects on tenderness, composition, and raw and cooked color of steaks from the aforementioned strip loin subprimals were characterized. At 14 to 15 d (ribs, tenderloins, and top sirloin) or 16 d (strip loin) postmortem, subprimals were portioned into steaks using a mechanical portioning machine. The appropriate variables were measured before and after portioning to determine βAA influence on trimmed and untrimmed subprimal weight, subprimal length (rib only), steak weight and yield, and steak thickness (rib only). Steaks obtained from the strip loin subprimals were subjected to analysis of raw instrument color (L*, a*, b*), proximate composition, and pH. In addition, strip steaks were aged (16 or 23 d) before analysis of cooked internal color, Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), and slice shear force (SSF). Briefly, ZH supplementation increased (P < 0.01) the weight of all subprimals when compared to CON. Furthermore, subprimals from CON animals consistently had fewer and lighter steaks (P ≤ 0.04) than subprimals from ZH-fed steers. Additionally, raw steaks from ZH cattle were a less vivid red (lower a* and saturation index values; P < 0.01) when compared to CON and RH steaks, which did not differ (P > 0.05). There was no interaction between βAA treatment and postmortem aging length for WBSF or SSF (P > 0.10). However, CON steaks (3.25 kg) had lower WBSF values (P < 0.05) than ZH or RH steaks (3.68 and 3.67 kg, respectively). Regardless, aging for 23 d vs. 16 d resulted in decreased WBSF and SSF (P < 0.01) for all βAA treatments. Although differences were numerically small, evaluations indicated the internal cooked surfaces of ZH and RH steaks were less red (P < 0.05) than CON steaks. Overall, these data reemphasize increased subprimal weights due to βAA supplementation, particularly ZH. However, the data are not indicative of increased steak yield due to βAA supplementation. Furthermore, the data demonstrate βAA supplementation increases the shear force of calf-fed Holstein strip steaks regardless of postmortem aging period. However, no differences in shear force between the βAA treatments (ZH or RH) were noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Martin
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409
| | - A J Garmyn
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409
| | - M F Miller
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409
| | | | | | | | - R J Rathmann
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409
| | - D A Yates
- Merck Animal Health, DeSoto, KS 66018
| | | | - J C Brooks
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409
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Paulk CB, Tokach MD, Nelssen JL, Burnett DD, Vaughn MA, Phelps KJ, Dritz SS, Derouchey JM, Goodband RD, Woodworth JC, Houser TA, Haydon KD, Gonzalez JM. Effect of dietary zinc and ractopamine hydrochloride on pork chop muscle fiber type distribution, tenderness, and color characteristics. J Anim Sci 2014; 92:2325-35. [PMID: 24671591 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2013-7318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 320 finishing pigs (PIC 327 × 1050; initially 98 kg) were used to determine the effects of adding Zn to diets containing ractopamine HCl (RAC) on muscle fiber type distribution, fresh chop color, and cooked meat characteristics. Dietary treatments were fed for approximately 35 d and consisted of a corn-soybean meal-based negative control (CON), a positive control diet with 10 mg/kg of RAC (RAC+), and the RAC+ diet plus 75, 150, or 225 mg/kg added Zn from either ZnO or Availa-Zn. Loins randomly selected from each treatment (n = 20) were evaluated using contrasts: CON vs. RAC+, interaction of Zn level × source, Zn level linear and quadratic polynomials, and Zn source. There were no Zn source effects or Zn source × level interactions throughout the study (P > 0.10). Pigs fed RAC+ had increased (P < 0.02) percentage type IIX and a tendency for increased (P = 0.10) percent type IIB muscle fibers. Increasing added Zn decreased (linear, P = 0.01) percentage type IIA and tended to increase (P = 0.09) IIX muscle fibers. On d 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of display, pork chops from pigs fed the RAC+ treatment had greater (P < 0.03) L* values compared to the CON. On d 0 and 3 of display, increasing added Zn tended to decrease (quadratic, P = 0.10) L* values and decreased (quadratic, P < 0.03) L* values on d 1, 2, 4, and 5. Pigs fed RAC+ had decreased (P < 0.05) a* values on d 1 and 4 of display and tended to have decreased (P < 0.10) a* values on d 0 and 2 compared to CON pork chops. Pork chops from the RAC+ treatment had a tendency for increased (P < 0.08) oxymyoglobin percentage compared to CON pork chops on d 1, 2, 4, and 5. On d 0, as dietary Zn increased in RAC+ diets, there was a decrease (linear, P < 0.01) in the formation of pork chop surface oxymyoglobin percentage. Metmyoglobin reducing ability (MRA) of pork chops on d 5 was decreased in the RAC+ group. Chops from pigs fed added Zn had increased (quadratic, P < 0.03) MRA on d 3 and 5 of the display period. There was a trend for increased (linear, P = 0.07) cooking loss with increasing Zn in RAC diets and treatments did not affect tenderness as measured by Warner-Bratzler shear force (P > 0.07). In conclusion, RAC+ diets produced chops that were lighter and less red but maintained a greater percentage of surface oxymyoglobin throughout a 5-d simulated retail display. Ractopamine reduced MRA at the end of the display period, but supplementing Zn to RAC diets restored MRA to near CON treatment levels at the end of the display period.
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Affiliation(s)
- C B Paulk
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry
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Phelps KJ, Drouillard JS, Jennings JS, Depenbusch BE, Van Bibber-Krueger CL, Miller KA, Vaughn MA, Burnett DD, Ebarb SM, Houser TA, Johnson SE, Gonzalez JM. Effects of the Programmed Nutrition Beef Program on meat quality characteristics. J Anim Sci 2014; 92:1780-91. [PMID: 24492560 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2013-7231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the effects of alternative finishing strategies on beef steak color and cooked meat characteristics. Beef steers (n = 64 pens; 8 steers/pen) were allocated to a randomized complete block design with a 2 × 2 factorial treatment arrangement and initial body weight serving as the blocking factor. Factor 1 consisted of dietary treatment with cattle either being fed a conventional feedlot diet (CON) or a diet that included Programmed Nutrition Beef Program supplements. Cattle in the Programmed Nutrition (PN) treatments were fed in two-stages: 1) the basal diet with Programmed Nutrition Beef Receiver from d 1 to 20 and the basal diet with Programmed Nutrition Beef Finisher from d 21 to harvest. Factor 2 consisted of the inclusion (EGP+) or absence (EGP-) of an exogenous growth promoting program. Steers in the EGP+ treatments were implanted initially with Component E-S, reimplanted with Component TE-IS, and fed 400 mg · d(-1) · steer(-1) of ractopamine hydrochloride for the final 28 d before harvest. Steers were harvested on d 175 of feeding and 1 strip loin was removed from 2 carcasses selected at random from each pen for transport to Kansas State University. After 14 d of aging, loins were fabricated into 2.54-cm thick steaks for objective and trained sensory panel measurement of cooked meat characteristics and objective color measurements during 7 d retail display. There were no interactions (P > 0.10) between feeding strategy and exogenous growth promotants for all objective measures of color and cooked meat characteristics. Throughout the display period, PN steaks were darker (P = 0.02) than CON steaks, but surface percentages of oxymyoglobin and metmyoglobin and metmyoglobin reducing ability were unaffected by feeding strategy (P > 0.10). Loins and steaks from PN cattle possessed decreased moisture loss during aging and cooking (P < 0.01). Trained sensory panel evaluation of cooked meat revealed a dietary program × growth promotant interaction for myofibrillar tenderness, connective tissue amount, and overall tenderness (P = 0.01). Compared to the CON/EGP- and PN/EGP- treatments, steaks from the CON/EGP+ and PN/EGP+ treatments were evaluated by panelists as being less myofibrillar and overall tender (P < 0.05). The alternative feeding strategies presented in this study can favorably impact water-holding capacity without negatively compromising retail display discoloration.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Phelps
- Kansas State University, Dep. of Animal Sciences and Industry, Manhattan 66506
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13
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Weber M, Dikeman M, Jaeger J, Unruh J, Murray L, Houser T. Effects of feeding a single or sequence of beta-adrenergic agonists on cull cow meat quality. Meat Sci 2013; 93:275-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Revised: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 09/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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14
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Athayde NB, Dalla Costa OA, Roça RO, Guidoni AL, Ludtke CB, Lima GJMM. Meat quality of swine supplemented with ractopamine under commercial conditions in Brazil1. J Anim Sci 2012; 90:4604-10. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2012-5102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Girard I, Aalhus JL, Basarab JA, Larsen IL, Bruce HL. Modification of beef quality through steer age at slaughter, breed cross and growth promotants. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2012. [DOI: 10.4141/cjas2012-001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Girard, I., Aalhus, J. L., Basarab, J. A., Larsen, I. L. and Bruce, H. L. 2012. Modification of beef quality through steer age at slaughter, breed cross and growth promotants. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 92: 175–188. A 23 factorial experiment tested the interactions of slaughter age (12–13 or 18–20 mo), growth implants use (Component E-S, TE-S), ractopamine hydrochloride (RAC) feed supplementation use and breed cross [Hereford–Aberdeen Angus (HAA) or Charolais–Red Angus (CRA)] on pH, temperature, objective colour measurements, relative myoglobin states, sarcomere lengths, shear force, and water losses of m. semitendinosus (ST) and m. gluteus medius (GM) from 112 crossbred steers. In the ST, age affected objective colour measurements by increasing chroma and decreasing lightness (L*) and hue angle (P<0.05). Metmyoglobin (MMB) content of the ST also increased with steer age (P<0.05). In the GM, yearling-fed steers had greater MMB content than calf-fed steers, while hue angle varied the opposite way (P<0.05). Other variations in meat colour and myoglobin contents were more complex in the GM than the ST as they involved three-way interactions between the different treatments. Shear force and purge loss of the ST increased with implantation (P<0.05) with no change in sarcomere length (P>0.05). Shear force standard deviation was similar for breed crosses when yearling-fed but greatest for CRA breed cross when calf-fed (P<0.05). In both muscles, purge loss was increased by RAC supplementation (P<0.05). RAC supplementation did not affect sarcomere length and shear force in both muscles (P>0.10). In the GM, shear force increased with age and with CRA genetics (P<0.05). Results indicated that producers seeking to reduce beef toughness should consider using British crossbreds, exclude the use of hormonal implants and slaughter process steers at 12 to13 mo of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Girard
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2P5
| | - J. L. Aalhus
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 6000 C&E Trail, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada T4L 1W1
| | - J. A. Basarab
- Alberta Agriculture and Rural Development, 6000 C&E Trail, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada T4L 1W1
| | - I. L. Larsen
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 6000 C&E Trail, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada T4L 1W1
| | - H. L. Bruce
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2P5
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Effect of dietary beta-agonist treatment, vitamin D3 supplementation and electrical stimulation of carcasses on colour and drip loss of steaks from feedlot steers. Meat Sci 2012; 90:607-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2011.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2011] [Revised: 10/03/2011] [Accepted: 10/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Girard I, Aalhus JL, Basarab JA, Larsen IL, Bruce HL. Modification of muscle inherent properties through age at slaughter, growth promotants and breed crosses. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2011. [DOI: 10.4141/cjas2011-058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Girard, I., Aalhus, J. L., Basarab, J. A., Larsen, I. L. and Bruce, H. L. 2011. Modification of muscle inherent properties through age at slaughter, growth promotants and breed crosses. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 91: 635–648. A 24 factorial experiment tested the interactions of slaughter age (12–13 or 18–20 mo), growth hormone use, β-adrenergic agonist (β-AA) use and breed cross [Hereford–Aberdeen Angus (HAA) or Charolais–Red Angus (CRA)] on the composition, fibre types, and connective tissue characteristics of m. semitendinosus (ST) and m. gluteus medius (GM) from 112 crossbred steers. Muscle weights increased with slaughter age, implantation and CRA genetics (P<0.05), but were not affected by ractopamine hydrochloride (RAC) (P>0.10).Animal age increased fast glycolytic (FG) and decreased fast oxidative glycolytic (FOG) fibre percentages by 7.2 and 6.6%, respectively, in the ST and increased slow oxidative (SO) and FOG fibre areas in both muscles (P<0.05). Cross-sectional areas of all fibre types were increased in the ST with implantation. In the GM, implantation increased SO (3.1%) and reduced FOG (3.2%) fibre percentages, while RAC reduced the SO (3.8%) and increased the FG (6.1%) fibre percentages (P<0.05).Only GM total collagen content increased with slaughter age (P<0.05),but collagen solubility decreased with slaughter age for both muscles (P<0.05). CRA genetics increased FG percentage in the GM of yearling-fed steers and increased moisture and protein and reduced fat contents of both muscles (P<0.05). In the muscles studied, IMP, slaughter age and animal genetics induced greater changes in muscle inherent properties than RAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Girard
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2P5
| | - J. L. Aalhus
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 6000 C&E Trail, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada T4L 1W1
| | - J. A. Basarab
- Alberta Agriculture and Rural Development, 6000 C&E Trail, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada T4L 1W1
| | - I. L. Larsen
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 6000 C&E Trail, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada T4L 1W1
| | - H. L. Bruce
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2P5
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Gonzalez J, Johnson S, Stelzleni A, Thrift T, Savell J, Warnock T, Johnson D. Effect of ractopamine–HCl supplementation for 28 days on carcass characteristics, muscle fiber morphometrics, and whole muscle yields of six distinct muscles of the loin and round. Meat Sci 2010; 85:379-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2009] [Revised: 11/16/2009] [Accepted: 02/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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