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Zheng W, Duan H, Cao L, Mao S, Shen J. Acid-base properties of non-protein nitrogen affect nutrients intake, rumen fermentation and antioxidant capacity of fattening Hu sheep. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1381871. [PMID: 38596467 PMCID: PMC11002212 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1381871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
This study conducted a comparison of the effects of non-protein nitrogen with different acid-base properties on feed intake, rumen fermentation, nutrient digestion and antioxidant capacity in fattening Hu sheep. Sixteen fattening male sheep (31.43 ± 2.41 kg) with permanent rumen cannulas were randomly assigned to two dietary treatments: 1% urea and 1.78% ammonium chloride (NH4Cl, AC). A 42 days experimental period was conducted, with 14 days for adaptation and 28 days for treatment. Daily feed intake was recorded and various samples including feed, feces, rumen fluid, and blood were collected at different time points during the final week. The results indicated that the urea group had significantly higher dry matter intake, average daily gain, and gain efficiency in comparison to the AC group (p < 0.01). There was no difference in rumen pH and concentration of ammonia nitrogen between different groups (p > 0.05), but the rumen pH of urea group was higher than that of the AC group at 1 and 3 h after feeding (p < 0.05). The urea group exhibited higher concentrations of total volatile fatty acids (VFA) and individual VFAs compared to the AC group at all-time points (p < 0.01). Compared to the urea group, the intake of all nutrients decreased in the AC group (p < 0.01), but the digestibility of dry matter and organic matter increased significantly (p < 0.01), and the digestibility of CP had an increasing trend (p = 0.06) in the AC group. Additionally, the urea group had lower levels of serum glucagon-like peptide-1, peptide YY, Cl, total protein and globulin than the AC group (p < 0.05). The overall levels of HCO3-, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, albumin/globulin, blood urea nitrogen and total cholesterol in the urea group increased significantly compared to the AC group (p < 0.05). It was concluded that adding urea to the high-concentrate diet resulted in increased rumen pH and improved rumen fermentation and growth performance in fattening sheep compared to NH4Cl addition. Furthermore, urea addition improved sheep's antioxidant capacity and maintained their acid-base balance more effectively as compared to NH4Cl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjin Zheng
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongwei Duan
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liwen Cao
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shengyong Mao
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junshi Shen
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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De Marchi F, Santos G, Petit H, Benchaar C. Oxidative status of dairy cows fed flax meal and infused with sunflower oil in the abomasum. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2017.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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De Marchi F, Palin M, Santos G, Benchaar C, Petit H. Effects of duodenal infusion of sunflower oil on β-glucuronidase activity and enterolactone concentration in dairy cows fed flax meal. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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El-Sabagh M, Taniguchi D, Sugino T, Obitsu T, Taniguchi K. Insulin-independent actions of glucagon-like peptide-1 in wethers. Anim Sci J 2014; 86:385-91. [DOI: 10.1111/asj.12306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mabrouk El-Sabagh
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science; Hiroshima University; Higashi-Hiroshima Japan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Kafrelsheikh University; Kafrelsheikh Egypt
| | - Dai Taniguchi
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science; Hiroshima University; Higashi-Hiroshima Japan
| | - Toshihisa Sugino
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science; Hiroshima University; Higashi-Hiroshima Japan
| | - Taketo Obitsu
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science; Hiroshima University; Higashi-Hiroshima Japan
| | - Kohzo Taniguchi
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science; Hiroshima University; Higashi-Hiroshima Japan
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Relling AE, Loerch SC, Reynolds CK. Intravenous glucagon like peptide-1 infusion does not affect dry matter intake or hypothalamic mRNA expression of neuropeptide Y, agouti related peptide and proopiomelatnocortin in wethers. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2014. [DOI: 10.4141/cjas2013-121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Relling, A. E., Loerch, S. C. and Reynolds, C. K. 2014. Intravenous glucagon like peptide-1 infusion does not affect dry matter intake or hypothalamic mRNA expression of neuropeptide Y, agouti related peptide and proopiomelanocortin in wethers. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 94: 357–362. The objectives of the present study were to determine the effects of jugular vein infusions of glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and dietary fat inclusion on dry matter intake, nutrient digestibility and hypothalamic mRNA concentration of neuropeptide Y, agouti related peptide, and proopiomelanocortin in growing sheep. Thirty-six wethers were used (40.7±3.3 kg BW). Treatments were a control diet (n=11), dietary addition (6% of dry matter) of Ca salts of palm oil fatty acids (n=12), or 6-d jugular vein infusions of 0.155 µg kg−1 body weight/day of GLP-1 (n=11). Hormone concentrations were measured in jugular vein plasma from samples taken on days 1, 4 and 6. On day 7, the wethers were slaughtered for hypothalamus collection to measure mRNA concentration. The dietary addition of 6% of Ca salts of palm oil increased plasma GLP-1 concentration (P<0.01) and decreased dry matter intake on day 1, but not on day 6 (time×treatment interaction, P<0.05). The infusion of GLP-1 did not change dry matter intake (P>0.20), but increased neutral detergent fibre digestibility (P<0.01). In conclusion, glucagon like peptide-1 infusion or feeding fat did not decrease dry matter intake or affect hypothalamic neuropeptide mRNA concentrations of sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro E. Relling
- Ohio State University Interdisciplinary Nutrition Program (OSUN)
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, OARDC, 1680 Madison Ave., Wooster 44691-4096, USA
- IGEVET, CCT-La Plata, CONICET; Laboratorio de Nutrición Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Calle 60 y 118, CP B1900AVW. La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Steven C. Loerch
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, OARDC, 1680 Madison Ave., Wooster 44691-4096, USA
| | - Christopher K. Reynolds
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Earley Gate, Reading RG6 6AR, United Kingdom
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Steinert RE, Feinle-Bisset C, Geary N, Beglinger C. DIGESTIVE PHYSIOLOGY OF THE PIG SYMPOSIUM: Secretion of gastrointestinal hormones and eating control1. J Anim Sci 2013; 91:1963-73. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2012-6022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R. E. Steinert
- University of Adelaide Discipline of Medicine and Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Nutritional Physiology, Interventions and Outcomes, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - C. Feinle-Bisset
- University of Adelaide Discipline of Medicine and Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Nutritional Physiology, Interventions and Outcomes, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - N. Geary
- Zielackerstrasse 10, 8603 Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - C. Beglinger
- Department of Biomedicine and Division of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, 4030, Switzerland
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Fukumori R, Sugino T, Shingu H, Moriya N, Hasegawa Y, Kojima M, Kangawa K, Obitsu T, Kushibiki S, Taniguchi K. Effects of calcium salts of long-chain fatty acids and rumen-protected methionine on plasma concentrations of ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (7 to 36) amide and pancreatic hormones in lactating cows. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2012; 42:74-82. [PMID: 22056209 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2011.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2011] [Revised: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 09/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Our objective was to determine the effects of calcium salts of long-chain fatty acids (CLFAs) and rumen-protected methionine (RPM) on plasma concentrations of ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (7 to 36) amide, and pancreatic hormones in lactating cows. Four Holstein cows in midlactation were used in a 4 by 4 Latin square experiment in each 2-wk period. Cows were fed corn silage-based diets with supplements of CLFAs (1.5% added on dry matter basis), RPM (20 g/d), CLFAs plus RPM, and without supplement. Jugular blood samples were taken from 1 h before to 2 h after morning feeding at 10-min intervals on day 12 of each period. CLFAs decreased dry matter intake, but RPM did not affect dry matter intake. Both supplements of CLFAs and RPM did not affect metabolizable energy intake and milk yield and composition. Plasma concentrations of NEFAs, triglyceride (TG), and total cholesterol (T-Cho) were increased with CLFAs alone, but increases of plasma concentrations of TG and T-Cho were moderated by CLFAs plus RPM. Calcium salts of long-chain fatty acids increased plasma ghrelin concentration, and the ghrelin concentration with CLFAs plus RPM was the highest among the treatments. Plasma concentrations of glucagon-like peptide-1, glucagon, and insulin were decreased with CLFAs, whereas adding RPM moderated the decrease of plasma glucagon concentration by CLFAs. These results indicate that the addition of methionine to cows given CLFAs increases plasma concentrations of ghrelin and glucagon associated with the decrease in plasma concentrations of TG and T-Cho.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Fukumori
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan
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Alizadeh AR, Alikhani M, Ghorbani GR, Rahmani HR, Rashidi L, Loor JJ. Effects of feeding roasted safflower seeds (variety IL-111) and fish oil on dry matter intake, performance and milk fatty acid profiles in dairy cattle. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2011; 96:466-73. [PMID: 21595757 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2011.01165.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Safflower seed has the highest concentration of linoleic acid among 80 oilseeds but little information exists on the effective use of SS for lactation cows. It was hypothesised that a diet supplemented with an Iranian SS variety (IL-111) in combination with fish oil (FO) would result in higher concentrations of trans-18:1 (including vaccenic acid) and conjugated linoleic acids in milk fat than feeding an unsupplemented control diet. Our objective was to determine the effects of feeding diets containing: (i) CONTROL (C); (ii) 25 g of roasted SS IL-111 (RSS); (iii) 20 g FO and (iv) 25 g RSS + 10 g FO (RSS + FO) per kilogram of dietary DM on feed intake, ruminal fermentation, milk production and fatty acid profile. Eight multiparous Holstein cows were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design study. The experiment had four periods of 21 days. Milk Fat percentage was lower (p < 0.01) with FO supplementation and averaged 19.0 and 21.5 g/kg milk with FO and RSS + FO compared with 30.3 and 32.5 g/kg with C and RSS. Feed intake also was lower (p < 0.01) with FO vs. C (23.1 vs. 24.5 kg/day) but feeding RSS resulted in greater feed intake compared with other treatments (26 kg/day). Despite lower feed intake with FO, milk production did not change from controls but feeding RSS + FO resulted in greater milk yield than controls (42.6 vs. 39.3 kg/day). Ruminal pH was greater (p < 0.01) in cows fed FO than other treatments. Supplemental FO alone or in combination with RSS resulted in dramatic increases (p < 0.01) in c9,t11-18:2 in milk fat (12.7 and 13.2 g/day vs. 5.8 and 7.02 with C and RSS). It was surprising to note that 25 g/kg RSS can improve feed intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Alizadeh
- Department of Animal Science, Islamic Azad University, Saveh Branch, Saveh, Iran
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