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Baggio M, Gouvêa VN, Barroso JPR, Miszura AA, Limede AC, Soares LCB, Ferraz MVC, Vicente ACS, Ferreira EM, Marques RS, Pires AV. Different combinations of monensin and narasin on growth performance, carcass traits, and ruminal fermentation characteristics of finishing beef cattle. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1117639. [PMID: 37187926 PMCID: PMC10175633 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1117639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different combinations of monensin and narasin on finishing cattle. In Exp. 1, 40 rumen-cannulated Nellore steers [initial body weight (BW) = 231 ± 3.64 kg] were blocked by initial BW and assigned to one of the five treatments as follows: Control (CON): no feed additive in the basal diet during the entire feeding period; Sodium monensin (MM) at 25 mg/kg dry matter (DM) during the entire feeding period [adaptation (days 1-21) and finishing (days 22-42) periods]; Narasin (NN) at 13 mg/kg DM during the entire feeding period (adaptation and finishing periods); Sodium monensin at 25 mg/kg DM during the adaptation period and narasin at 13 mg/kg DM during the finishing period (MN); and narasin at 13 mg/kg DM during the adaptation period and sodium monensin at 25 mg/kg DM during the finishing period (NM). Steers fed MM had lower dry matter intake (DMI) during the adaptation period compared to NM (P = 0.02) but not compared to CON, MM, MN, or NN (P ≥ 0.12). No differences in DMI were observed among the treatments during the finishing (P = 0.45) or the total feeding period (P = 0.15). Treatments did not affect the nutrient intake (P ≥ 0.51) or the total apparent digestibility of nutrients (P ≥ 0.22). In Exp. 2, 120 Nellore bulls (initial BW = 425 ± 5.4 kg) were used to evaluate the effects of the same treatments of Exp. 1 on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing feedlot cattle. Steers fed NM had greater DMI during the adaptation period compared to CON, MM, and MN (P ≤ 0.03), but no differences were observed between NM and NN (P = 0.66) or between CON, MM, and NN (P ≥ 0.11). No other differences between treatments were observed (P ≥ 12). Feeding narasin at 13 mg/kg DM during the adaptation period increases the DMI compared to monensin at 25 mg/kg DM, but the feed additives evaluated herein did not affect the total tract apparent digestibility of nutrients, growth performance, or carcass characteristics of finishing cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Baggio
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Vinícius N. Gouvêa
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Amarillo, TX, United States
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - José Paulo R. Barroso
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Alexandre A. Miszura
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Arnaldo C. Limede
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Letícia C. B. Soares
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | | | | | - Evandro M. Ferreira
- Department of Animal Science, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo S. Marques
- Department of Animal and Range Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Alexandre V. Pires
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
- Department of Animal Science, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
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Dietary Supplementation with Sodium Sulfate Improves Rumen Fermentation, Fiber Digestibility, and the Plasma Metabolome through Modulation of Rumen Bacterial Communities in Steers. Appl Environ Microbiol 2020; 86:AEM.01412-20. [PMID: 32859601 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01412-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Six steers were used to study the effects of dietary supplementation with sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) on rumen fermentation, nutrient digestion, rumen microbiota, and plasma metabolites. The animals were fed a basal ration with Na2SO4 added at 0 g/day (sulfur [S] content of 0.115% dry matter [DM]), 20 g/day (S at 0.185% DM), or 40 g/day (S at 0.255% DM) in a replicate 3-by-3 Latin square design. The results indicated that supplementing with Na2SO4 increased the ruminal concentration of total volatile fatty acids, the molar proportions of acetate and butyrate, the ruminal concentrations of microbial protein, SO4 2--S, and S2--S, and the digestibility of fiber, while it decreased the molar proportion of propionate and the ruminal concentration of ammonia nitrogen. Supplementing with Na2SO4 increased the diversity and the richness of rumen microbiota and the relative abundances of the phylum Firmicutes and genera Ruminococcus 2, Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group, and Desulfovibrio, whereas it decreased the relative abundances of the phylum Bacteroidetes and genera Prevotella 1, Prevotellaceae UCG-001, and Treponema 2 Supplementing with Na2SO4 also increased the plasma concentrations of amino acids (l-arginine, l-methionine, l-cysteine, and l-lysine), purine derivatives (xanthine and hypoxanthine), vitamins (thiamine and biotin), and lipids (acetylcarnitine and l-carnitine). It was concluded that supplementing the steer ration with Na2SO4 was beneficial for improving the rumen fermentation, fiber digestibility, and nutrient metabolism through modulating the rumen microbial community.IMPORTANCE Essential elements like nitrogen and sulfur greatly affect rumen fermentation and metabolism in ruminants. However, little knowledge is available on the effects of sulfur on the rumen microbiota and plasma metabolome. The results of the present trial demonstrated that supplementing the steer ration with sodium sulfate markedly improved rumen fermentation, fiber digestibility, and metabolism of amino acids, purine derivatives, and vitamins through effects on the ruminal microbiome. The facts obtained from the present trial clarified the possible mechanisms of the positive effects of sulfur on rumen fermentation and nutrient utilization.
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Teixeira DAA, Cappellozza BI, Fernandes JR, Nascimento KS, Bonfim LELM, Lopes CN, Ehrhardt JAC, Peres JR, Harris SA, Simas JMC, Richardson LF. Effects of monensin source on in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics and performance of Bos indicus beef bulls offered a high-concentrate diet. Transl Anim Sci 2020; 4:84-94. [PMID: 32704969 PMCID: PMC6994034 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txz158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In Exp. 1, Brachiaria ruziziensis (11.1 % CP) was inoculated or not with two sources of monensin, resulting in three treatments: 1) no monensin inoculation (CONT), 2) 20 mg of monensin sodium-A/kg of DM (Elanco Animal Health; MON-A), and 3) 20 mg of monensin sodium-B/kg of DM (Shandong Qilu King-Phar Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.; MON-B). Three rumen-fistulated Jersey steers were offered a cool-season forage-based diet and were used as the rumen inoculum donors. Volatile fatty acids concentrations were evaluated at 0, 6, 12, 24, 30, and 48 h after treatment inoculation. Overall, acetate and butyrate concentrations were reduced in MON-A vs. CONT (P ≤ 0.02), whereas both monensin products reduced Ac:Pr ratio vs. CONT (P ≤ 0.01); however, MON-A also (P = 0.05) reduced the Ac:Pr ratio vs. MON-B. A treatment × hour interaction was detected for rumen propionate concentration (P = 0.01), primarily because MON-A resulted in greater propionate than CONT and MON-B at 24 and 48 h (P ≤ 0.03), but no differences were observed between CONT vs. MON-B (P ≥ 0.27). In Exp. 2, 240 Nellore bulls (initial BW = 363.2 ± 40.9 kg) were ranked and blocked according to initial BW, and within blocks animals were allotted into pens (n = 10 pens/treatment). Pens were randomly assigned into one of three treatments: 1) corn-based diet with no monensin (CONT), 2) CONT plus 28 mg of MON-A/kg of DM, and 3) CONT plus 28 mg of MON-B/kg of DM. The CONT diet was composed of sugarcane bagasse, ground corn, DDGS, urea, and a mineral-vitamin mix. The experimental period lasted 106 d and was divided into a 21-d adaptation period and an 85-d finishing phase. During the adaptation phase, both monensin sources increased (P ≤ 0.01) BW change, ADG, and F:G, as well as reduced DMI variation (P = 0.02). When the entire experimental period was evaluated, no treatment effects were detected for final BW, DMI, and ADG (P ≥ 0.26). Nonetheless, DMI variation was reduced as monensin was included (P = 0.01) and only MON-A improved the efficiency by reducing F:G vs. CONT (P = 0.05) and biological efficiency vs. MON-B (P = 0.05). Additionally, carcass ADG tended (P = 0.10) to be greater for MON-A vs. MON-B, whereas no other differences in the carcass characteristics were observed (P ≥ 0.53). In summary, the source of monensin inoculated in vitro and offered to Nellore bulls during the feedlot phase significantly affected the energetic efficiency and the performance of the animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A A Teixeira
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Departamento de Zootecnia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Juliano R Fernandes
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Departamento de Zootecnia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Kaique S Nascimento
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Departamento de Zootecnia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Lorena E L M Bonfim
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Departamento de Zootecnia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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Morris D, Kim S, Lee C. Effects of corn feeding reduced-fat distillers grains with or without monensin on nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur utilization and excretion in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:7106-7116. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-14528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Mirzaei-Alamouti H, Moradi S, Shahalizadeh Z, Razavian M, Amanlou H, Harkinezhad T, Jafari-Anarkooli I, Deiner C, Aschenbach JR. Both monensin and plant extract alter ruminal fermentation in sheep but only monensin affects the expression of genes involved in acid-base transport of the ruminal epithelium. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Wood KM, Pinto ACJ, Millen DD, Kanafany Guzman R, Penner GB. The effect of monensin concentration on dry matter intake, ruminal fermentation, short-chain fatty acid absorption, total tract digestibility, and total gastrointestinal barrier function in beef heifers1. J Anim Sci 2016; 94:2471-8. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2016-0356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Wu H, Meng Q, Yu Z. Effect of pH buffering capacity and sources of dietary sulfur on rumen fermentation, sulfide production, methane production, sulfate reducing bacteria, and total Archaea in in vitro rumen cultures. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 186:25-33. [PMID: 25797103 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.02.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The effects of three types of dietary sulfur on in vitro fermentation characteristics, sulfide production, methane production, and microbial populations at two different buffer capacities were examined using in vitro rumen cultures. Addition of dry distilled grain with soluble (DDGS) generally decreased total gas production, degradation of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber, and concentration of total volatile fatty acids, while increasing ammonia concentration. High buffering capacity alleviated these adverse effects on fermentation. Increased sulfur content resulted in decreased methane emission, but total Archaea population was not changed significantly. The population of sulfate reducing bacteria was increased in a sulfur type-dependent manner. These results suggest that types of dietary sulfur and buffering capacity can affect rumen fermentation and sulfide production. Diet buffering capacity, and probably alkalinity, may be increased to alleviate some of the adverse effects associated with feeding DDGS at high levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210-1094, USA
| | - Qingxiang Meng
- College of Animal Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhongtang Yu
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210-1094, USA.
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Montano M, Manriquez O, Salinas-Chavira J, Torrentera N, Zinn R. Effects of monensin and virginiamycin supplementation in finishing diets with distiller dried grains plus solubles on growth performance and digestive function of steers. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2014.978785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Drewnoski ME, Pogge DJ, Hansen SL. High-sulfur in beef cattle diets: A review. J Anim Sci 2014; 92:3763-80. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2013-7242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. E. Drewnoski
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 68583-0908
| | - D. J. Pogge
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames 50011
| | - S. L. Hansen
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 68583-0908
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Pogge DJ, Drewnoski ME, Hansen SL. Feeding ferric ammonium citrate to decrease the risk of sulfur toxicity: Effects on trace mineral absorption and status of beef steers. J Anim Sci 2014; 92:4005-13. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2014-7799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D. J. Pogge
- Department of Animal Science and Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, 50011
| | - M. E. Drewnoski
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, 68583
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Monnerat JPIDS, Paulino PVR, Detmann E, Valadares Filho SC, Valadares RDF, Duarte MS. Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and monensin on digestion, ruminal parameters, and balance of nitrogenous compounds of beef cattle fed diets with different starch concentrations. Trop Anim Health Prod 2013; 45:1251-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-013-0356-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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