1
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Li H, Chang L, Pan N, Du X, Shi S, Zhang Q, An G, Xia X, Zhang L. Dynamic changes in postmortem quality of mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio L.): Based on oxidation reaction and mitochondrial function properties. Food Chem 2023; 425:136426. [PMID: 37245464 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic changes in the postmortem quality of mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) were investigated. With extended postmortem time, conductivity, redness, lipid oxidation, and protein oxidation all increased, while lightness, whiteness, and freshness decreased. At 4 h postmortem, the pH value reached a minimum (6.58), while the centrifugal loss and hardness reached a maximum (17.13% and 2539 g). Additionally, variations in mitochondria-related parameters during apoptosis were studied. Within 72 h postmortem, the content of reactive oxygen species initially decreased and subsequently increased; furthermore, there was a significant increase in the mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore, membrane fluidity, and swelling (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the cytosolic cytochrome c level decreased from 0.71 to 0.23, which indicated potential mitochondrial damage. Thus, mitochondrial dysfunction during postmortem aging can give rise to oxidation and the production of ammonia and amine compounds, which leads to flesh quality deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijing Li
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Lixin Chang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Nan Pan
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Xin Du
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Shuo Shi
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Quanyu Zhang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Geer An
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Xiufang Xia
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
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2
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Li YP, Zou XL, Kang ZL, Ma HJ. Effect of sodium bicarbonate on techno-functional and rheological properties of pale, soft, and exudative (PSE) meat batters. Meat Sci 2022; 194:108990. [PMID: 36183626 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2022.108990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the study, changes in salt-soluble protein (SSP) content, gel properties, rheological characteristic, and microstructure attributes of pale, soft, and exudative (PSE) pork batters with different concentrations of added sodium bicarbonate (0-0.6%) were investigated. The pH, b⁎ value, SSP content, cooking yield, texture properties, emulsion stability, and G' values at 72 °C significantly increased with the increase in sodium bicarbonate, but the texture properties and G' values of the samples with 0.4% and 0.6% did not significantly different, while the a⁎ value significantly decreased. Moreover, a greater G' value at 72 °C was in agreement with a higher hardness value of meat batter. The microstructure of cooked PSE meat batters with 0% and 0.2% sodium bicarbonate had a dense structure, and samples with 0.4% and 0.6% had some large cavities. In conclusion, the use of sodium bicarbonate can enhance the water holding capacity, texture and rheological properties of PSE meat batters by increasing their pH, SSP content, and emulsifying stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ping Li
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, PR China; Food Technologies Faculty of Sumy National Agrarian University, Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Xiao-Li Zou
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, PR China
| | - Zhuang-Li Kang
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, PR China.
| | - Han-Jun Ma
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, PR China
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3
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Muroya S. An insight into farm animal skeletal muscle metabolism based on a metabolomics approach. Meat Sci 2022; 195:108995. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2022.108995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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4
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Wang Z, Zhou H, Zhou K, Tu J, Xu B. An underlying softening mechanism in pale, soft and exudative - Like rabbit meat: The role of reactive oxygen species - Generating systems. Food Res Int 2022; 151:110853. [PMID: 34980389 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This work investigated the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) - generating systems on the softening of the pale, soft and exudative-like (PSE-like) rabbit meat during aging. PSE-like meat was induced by incubation of post-mortem rabbit Longissimus thoracis et lumborum at 37 °C for 3 h. During aging, PSE-like meat samples had higher values in peroxides value, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, metmyoglobin percentage, ferrylmyoglobin content, non-heme iron content, hydroxyl radical content and ROS concentration compared with the normal ones, suggesting that PSE-like incubation could activate lipid-oxidizing system, myoglobin-mediated oxidation system, together with metal-catalyzed oxidation system. Additionally, higher protein carbonyl content was observed in PSE-like meat, along with a significant loss in sulfhydryl group. The results of SDS-PAGE suggested that more serious protein degradation occurred in PSE-like meat. It is plausible that the activated ROS-generating system played an underlying role in the softening texture during the aging period of PSE-like meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoming Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Juncai Tu
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Lincoln University, P O Box 84, Lincoln 7647, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Baocai Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; State Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Nanjing, 211806, China.
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5
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Yang B, Chen T, Li H, Li Y, Yang R. Impact of postmortem degradation of cytoskeletal proteins on intracellular gap, drip channel and water-holding capacity. Meat Sci 2021; 176:108472. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2021.108472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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6
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Liu R, Wu GY, Li KY, Ge QF, Wu MG, Yu H, Wu SL, Bao WB. Comparative Study on Pale, Soft and Exudative (PSE) and Red, Firm and Non-Exudative (RFN) Pork: Protein Changes during Aging and the Differential Protein Expression of the Myofibrillar Fraction at 1 h Postmortem. Foods 2021; 10:foods10040733. [PMID: 33808327 PMCID: PMC8066169 DOI: 10.3390/foods10040733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, the protein changes during aging and the differences in the myofibrillar protein fraction at 1 h postmortem of pale, soft and exudative (PSE), and red, firm and non-exudative (RFN) pork longissimus thoracis (LT) were comparatively studied. The PSE and RFN groups were screened out based on the differences in their pH and lightness (L*) at 1 h, and their purge loss at 24 h postmortem. Based on the measured MFI, desmin degradation, and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis, PSE meat presented more significant changes in the myofibrillar protein fraction compared to RFN meat during postmortem aging. Through liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer/mass spectrometer (LC-MS/MS) analysis, a total of 172 differential proteins were identified, among which 151 were up-regulated and 21 were down-regulated in the PSE group. The differential proteins were muscle contraction, motor proteins, microfilaments, microtubules, glycolysis, glycogen metabolism, energy metabolism, molecular chaperones, transport, and enzyme proteins. The AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, calcium signaling pathway, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway were identified as the significant pathways related to meat quality. This study suggested that the different changes of the myofibrillar protein fraction were involved in the biochemical metabolism in postmortem muscle, which may contribute to the molecular understanding of PSE meat formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- Industrial Engineering Center for Huaiyang Cuisine of Jiangsu Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; (R.L.); (G.-Y.W.); (K.-Y.L.); (M.-G.W.); (H.Y.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Breeding and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| | - Guo-Yue Wu
- Industrial Engineering Center for Huaiyang Cuisine of Jiangsu Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; (R.L.); (G.-Y.W.); (K.-Y.L.); (M.-G.W.); (H.Y.)
| | - Ke-Yue Li
- Industrial Engineering Center for Huaiyang Cuisine of Jiangsu Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; (R.L.); (G.-Y.W.); (K.-Y.L.); (M.-G.W.); (H.Y.)
| | - Qing-Feng Ge
- Industrial Engineering Center for Huaiyang Cuisine of Jiangsu Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; (R.L.); (G.-Y.W.); (K.-Y.L.); (M.-G.W.); (H.Y.)
- Correspondence: (Q.-F.G.); (W.-B.B.); Tel.: +86-0514-89786171 (Q.-F.G.)
| | - Man-Gang Wu
- Industrial Engineering Center for Huaiyang Cuisine of Jiangsu Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; (R.L.); (G.-Y.W.); (K.-Y.L.); (M.-G.W.); (H.Y.)
| | - Hai Yu
- Industrial Engineering Center for Huaiyang Cuisine of Jiangsu Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; (R.L.); (G.-Y.W.); (K.-Y.L.); (M.-G.W.); (H.Y.)
| | - Sheng-Long Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Breeding and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| | - Wen-Bin Bao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Breeding and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
- Correspondence: (Q.-F.G.); (W.-B.B.); Tel.: +86-0514-89786171 (Q.-F.G.)
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7
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Role of protein S-nitrosylation in regulating beef tenderness. Food Chem 2020; 306:125616. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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8
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Myosin Heavy Chain Composition, Rate of Dystrophin and Integrin Degradation and Meat Quality of Pig Longissimus thoracis and psoas major Muscles During Postmortem Aging. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2019-0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This study evaluated myosin heavy chain composition and the effect of aging time (45 min, 24 h, 96 h and 168 h) on meat quality parameters and dystrophin and integrin degradation pattern in longissimus thoracis and psoas major muscles of 24 Polish Landrace fatteners slaughtered at 100 kg body weight. It was found that m. longissimus thoracis had a greater percentage of MyHC-IIB (P≤0.05) and a significantly lower percentage of type I and IIA/IIX (P≤0.05) compared with the m. psoas major. Moreover, psoas major muscle had significantly higher (P≤0.05) pH45, pH24 and lower drip loss values for 45 min to 24 h, 45 min to 96 h and 45 min to 168 h than m. longissimus thoracis. Muscle type also had a significant effect on the rate of dystrophin and integrin degradation postmortem, which were significantly (P≤0.05) more rapidly degraded in the m. longissimus thoracis compared to the m. psoas major. It is concluded from the obtained results that the muscles with a greater percentage of MyHC-IIB show lower pH values, which translates into more rapid rate of integrin and dystrophin degradation. Ultimately, this may contribute to higher drip loss values during refrigerated storage.
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9
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Hughes JM, Clarke FM, Purslow PP, Warner RD. Meat color is determined not only by chromatic heme pigments but also by the physical structure and achromatic light scattering properties of the muscle. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2019; 19:44-63. [PMID: 33319522 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Meat color is important for consumer acceptability, with excessively dark meat often associated with consumer rejection. It is determined chromatically by pigment content (measured by hue and chroma) and achromatically by scattering of light by the microstructure (measured by lightness), the latter of which has received minimal research focus. This review discusses the individual components of the meat microstructure that cause differences in achromatic contributions to color. Differences in achromatic light scattering between light and dark extremes of meat color are most likely explained by structural attributes within the muscle cell. These differences are proposed to arise from variations in (a) transverse shrinkage of the structural lattice of the myofilaments, myofibrils, and muscles fibers, (b) longitudinal shrinkage of the sarcomere, and (c) different protein composition of the surrounding medium (sarcoplasm and extracellular space). These are discussed at a mechanistic level, in relation to six parameters of the muscle cell: (a) protein surface charge altering the myofilament spacing, (b) protein solubility, (c) sarcoplasmic protein binding to myofilaments and myofibrils, (d) integrity of the cytoskeleton and cell adhesion proteins, (e) sarcomere integrity and myofibrillar proteins, and (f) myosin denaturation and rigor bond modification. New data are presented to support the proposed role of structural elements in muscle causing achromatic light scattering and their contribution to the surface color of meat. In addition, the relationships between lightness and water holding capacity and pH are explored and the economic impact of dark meat for the meat industry is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne M Hughes
- Agriculture and Food, CSIRO, Coopers Plains, Brisbane, QLD, 4108, Australia
| | - Frank M Clarke
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Peter P Purslow
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Food Science and Technology Department, National University of the Center of Buenos Aires Province, Tandil, B7000, Argentina
| | - Robyn D Warner
- School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
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10
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Dong C, Zhang X, Liu K, Li B, Chao Z, Jiang A, Li R, Li P, Liu H, Wu W. Comprehensive Analysis of Porcine Prox1 Gene and Its Relationship with Meat Quality Traits. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9100744. [PMID: 31569476 PMCID: PMC6826434 DOI: 10.3390/ani9100744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Prox1 is involved in muscle fiber conversion, adult-onset obesity, and type 2 diabetes. However, information regarding porcine Prox1 and its relationship with meat quality traits is still unknown. In this study, we characterized the full-length cDNA and proximal promoter of two transcript variants of porcine Prox1. Moreover, Prox1 was expressed abundantly in the skeletal muscle and its expression was higher in the soleus muscle than that in the biceps femoris muscle. Its expression pattern in the high and low meat color (redness) value a* groups was similar to that of myoglobin and MyHC I, but opposed to that of MyHC IIB. Importantly, there was a significant positive correlation between Prox1 expression and meat color (redness) value a* (r = 0.3845, p = 0.0394), and a significant negative correlation between Prox1 expression and drip loss (r = -0.4204, p = 0.0232), as well as the ratio of MyHC IIB to MyHC I expression (r = -0.3871, p = 0.0380). In addition, we found that the polymorphisms of three closely linked SNPs in Prox1 promoter 1 were significantly associated with pH24h in a pig population. Taken together, our data provide valuable insights into the characteristics of porcine Prox1 and indicate that Prox1 is a promising candidate gene affecting meat quality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Dong
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Xiying Zhang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Kaiqing Liu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Bojiang Li
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Zhe Chao
- Institute of Animal Sciences & Veterinary, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571100, China.
| | - Aiwen Jiang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Rongyang Li
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Pinghua Li
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Honglin Liu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Wangjun Wu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Yan X, Liu R, Zhang C, Ren X, Zhang W, Zhou G. The postmortem μ-calpain activity, protein degradation and tenderness of sheep meat from Duolang and Hu breeds. Int J Food Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xianglin Yan
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control; Ministry of Education China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control; College of Food Science and Technology; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing 210095 China
| | - Rui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control; Ministry of Education China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control; College of Food Science and Technology; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing 210095 China
| | - Chaoyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control; Ministry of Education China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control; College of Food Science and Technology; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing 210095 China
| | - Xiaopu Ren
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control; Ministry of Education China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control; College of Food Science and Technology; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing 210095 China
- Xinjiang Production & Construction Group Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing in Xinjiang South; College of Life Science; Tarim University; Alar 843300 China
| | - Wangang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control; Ministry of Education China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control; College of Food Science and Technology; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing 210095 China
| | - Guanghong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control; Ministry of Education China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control; College of Food Science and Technology; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing 210095 China
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12
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Fu QQ, Ge QF, Liu R, Wang HO, Zhou GH, Zhang WG. Influence of modified atmosphere packaging on protein oxidation, calpain activation and desmin degradation of beef muscles. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:4508-4514. [PMID: 28304086 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein oxidation is widespread in biochemical systems. The objective of the study was to investigate the differences in protein oxidation, μ-calpain activity, desmin proteolysis and protein solubility of beef psoas major (PM) and semi-membranosus (SM) muscles under three packaging systems during postmortem ageing. At 24 h postmortem, beef muscles were packaged respectively in air-permeable film overwrap (AP), vacuum pack (VP) or modified atmosphere (MAP, 80% O2 + 20% CO2 ), and then displayed for 10 days at 4 °C. RESULTS Carbonyl group values and thiol group content were significantly influenced by packaging type and storage time. The SM muscles from AP and MAP showed greater μ-calpain activity compared to VP. Desmin of PM and SM from AP and MAP samples showed decreased proteolysis compared with VP. CONCLUSION The results suggested that the inhibition of μ-calpain activity of beef samples from AP and MAP could be closely associated with protein oxidation which further lowered the level of desmin degradation compared to VP. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Quan Fu
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- School of Food Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing-Feng Ge
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hai-Ou Wang
- School of Food Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guang-Hong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wan-Gang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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13
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Kang DC, Gao XQ, Ge QF, Zhou GH, Zhang WG. Effects of ultrasound on the beef structure and water distribution during curing through protein degradation and modification. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2017. [PMID: 28633832 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore the mechanisms of power ultrasound (PUS, 150 and 300W) and treatment time (30 and 120min) on the water-holding capacity (WHC) and tenderness of beef during curing. Beef muscle at 48h post mortem was subjected to PUS treatment at a frequency of 20kHz. Analysis of compression loss and shear force showed that PUS-assisted curing significantly increased the WHC and the tenderness of beef compared to static brining (p<0.05). According to the analysis of LF-NMR, PUS treatment could increase the P21 values which indicated an improvement in water-binding ability of beef muscle. SDS-PAGE and LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis suggested that PUS induced moderate oxidation of myosin causing polymerization, which may contribute to increased water retention. On the other hand, an increased tenderness of beef is suggested by the increased MFI values and proteolysis of desmin and troponin-T. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) further supported the effects of PUS on WHC and tenderness changes due to the swelling and disruption of myofibrils. Thus, these results provide knowledge about the mechanism for improving WHC and tenderness of beef by PUS curing, which could be employed as an emerging technology for various meat curing processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Cheng Kang
- Key Lab of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Xue-Qin Gao
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Henan 450011, China
| | - Qing-Feng Ge
- Key Lab of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Guang-Hong Zhou
- Key Lab of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Wan-Gang Zhang
- Key Lab of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
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14
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Lee CW, Lee JR, Kim MK, Jo C, Lee KH, You I, Jung S. Quality Improvement of Pork Loin by Dry Aging. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2016; 36:369-76. [PMID: 27433108 PMCID: PMC4942552 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2016.36.3.369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of dry aging on the quality of pork loin. Longissimus lumborum muscles were dissected from the right half of five pork carcasses and were used as the control samples. The left halves of the carcasses were aged at 2±1℃ and a relative humidity of 80% for 40 d. The total aerobic bacteria count was similar between the control and dry-aged pork loin (p>0.05). Lactic-acid bacteria was absent in both the control and dry-aged pork loins. Dry-aged pork loin contained low moisture and high protein and ash compared to the controls (p<0.05). The pH was higher and cooking loss was lower in dry-aged pork loin compared to that in the control (p<0.05). Flavor related compounds, such as total free amino acid, hypoxanthine, and inosine of pork loin were higher in dry-aged pork loin; whereas, inosine 5'-monophosphate and guanosine 5'-monophosphate were low in dry-aged pork loin than control (p<0.05). There was no difference in carnosine and anserine content between dry-aged pork loin and the control (p>0.05). Dry-aged pork loin had lower hardness and shear force and received higher core in sensory evaluation than the control (p<0.05). According to the results, dry aging improved textural and sensorial quality of pork loin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheol Woo Lee
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Ju Ri Lee
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Min Kyu Kim
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Cheorun Jo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, and Research Institute of Agricultural and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Kyung Haeng Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea National University of Transportaion, Jeungpyung 27909, Korea
| | | | - Samooel Jung
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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15
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Effects of transport distance, lairage time and stunning efficiency on cortisol, glucose, HSPA1A and how they relate with meat quality in cattle. Meat Sci 2016; 117:89-96. [PMID: 26967002 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study determined the effects of distance travelled, lairage duration and number of stunning shots on the plasma levels of bovine heat shock protein 70 (HSPA1A), cortisol (CORT) and glucose (GLU) and their relationship with beef quality. There were positive correlations among HSPA1A, GLU, CORT, a*, b* and the HUE angle. Animals that were stunned more than once had the highest HSPA1A (13.61±2.874ng/ml) and CORT (109.36±8.373nmol/L) levels. Animals that travelled for 200<400km had lower HSPA1A expression (8.29±2.026ng/ml) than those that were transported for 400<800km (12.11±2.548ng/ml) and <200km (17.32±2.362ng/ml). Lairage duration affected (P<0.05) the expression of HSPA1A, GLU and CORT levels. Animals stunned more than once had elevated CORT and HSPA1A levels. HSPA1A, CORT and GLU were related to beef quality. Stunning of animals more than once increased the levels of blood CORT and HSPA1A.
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16
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Guo B, Zhang W, Tume RK, Hudson NJ, Huang F, Yin Y, Zhou G. Disorder of endoplasmic reticulum calcium channel components is associated with the increased apoptotic potential in pale, soft, exudative pork. Meat Sci 2016; 115:34-40. [PMID: 26802614 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Eight pale, soft and exudative (PSE) and eight reddish-pink, firm and non-exudative (RFN) porcine longissimus muscle samples were selected based on pH and L* at 1h postmortem (PM), and drip loss at 24h PM, and used to evaluate the cellular calcium and apoptosis status. We found that SERCA1 was decreased, while IP3R was decreased in PSE meat (P<0.05), indicative of the overloaded sarcoplasmic calcium status. In PSE meat, the pro-apoptotic factor BAX was increased while the anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2 was decreased (P<0.05). The significantly increased activity of caspase 3 and the expression of its cleavage fragment suggested higher apoptotic potential in PSE meat compared with RFN meat (P<0.05). Moreover, the significantly higher expression level of cytochrome C (P<0.05) suggests the important role of mitochondria during apoptosis appearance in PSE meat. Taken together, our data inferred that the calcium channel disorder present in PSE meat was associated with the increased apoptotic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Guo
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Synergetic Innovation Centre of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wangang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Synergetic Innovation Centre of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ron K Tume
- CSIRO Food and Nutrition Flagship, 39 Kessels Road, Queensland 4108, Australia
| | - Nicholas J Hudson
- CSIRO Agriculture Flagship, 306 Carmody Road, Queensland 4067, Australia
| | - Feng Huang
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yan Yin
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Synergetic Innovation Centre of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Guanghong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Synergetic Innovation Centre of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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17
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Effects of High Oxygen Packaging on Tenderness and Water Holding Capacity of Pork Through Protein Oxidation. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-015-1566-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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18
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Bowker B, Zhuang H. Relationship between water-holding capacity and protein denaturation in broiler breast meat. Poult Sci 2015; 94:1657-64. [PMID: 26009757 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pev120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between water-holding capacity (WHC) attributes and protein denaturation in broiler breast meat. Boneless skinless breast fillets (n = 72) were collected from a commercial processing plant at 2 h postmortem and segregated into low-WHC and high-WHC groups based on muscle pH and color (L*a*b*). At 6 and 24 h postmortem, brine uptake (%), cooking loss (%), and protein solubility (sarcoplasmic and myofibrillar) were measured and protein fractions were analyzed using SDS-PAGE. Drip loss accumulation (%) was measured after storage for 2 and 7 days postmortem. High-WHC fillets exhibited lower L*-lightness values and greater pH values at 2 and 24 h postmortem than low-WHC fillets. High-WHC fillets had greater brine uptake and less cooking loss at both 6 and 24 h postmortem compared to low-WHC fillets. Aging from 6 to 24 h postmortem increased brine uptake in high-WHC fillets, but did not affect cooking loss in either low-WHC or high-WHC fillets. Drip loss accumulation was greater in low-WHC fillets at both 2 and 7 days postmortem. Myofibrillar protein solubility decreased with postmortem time but was not different between low-WHC and high-WHC fillets. Sarcoplasmic protein solubility increased with postmortem time and was greater in high-WHC fillets. SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that low-WHC fillets exhibited more glycogen phosphorylase denaturation than high-WHC fillets as evidenced by a more extensive shift of the protein from the sarcoplasmic to the myofibrillar protein fraction. Correlation analysis revealed that overall protein solubility measurements were not related to WHC attributes but that the degree of glycogen phosphorylase denaturation was significantly correlated (|r| = 0.52 to 0.80) to measures of WHC. Data indicated that WHC differences in broiler breast fillets were not due to differences in myofibrillar protein denaturation and suggested that the denaturation of sarcoplasmic proteins onto myofibrils may influence WHC in breast meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Bowker
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Athens, GA 30605
| | - H Zhuang
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Athens, GA 30605
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