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Lima VGO, da Silva LO, de Freitas Júnior JE, Alba HDR, Brant LMS, Dos Santos Pina D, de Carvalho Mesquita BMA, Azevêdo JAG, de Lima Júnior DM, de Araújo MLGML, de Carvalho GGP. Soybean oil, linoleic acid source, in lamb diets: carcass traits and meat quality. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:261. [PMID: 39292295 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-04169-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
We developed a study to determine the ideal level of inclusion of soybean oil (SBOil) in the diet without affecting the quantitative and qualitative parameters of the carcass and meat of lambs in a feedlot system; therefore, determining the ideal level of inclusion. Forty male lambs (Santa Inês breed) were used. The initial body weight and age averaged 34.88 ± 3.19 kg and 5 months, respectively. Experimental units (lambs) were randomly distributed in 5 different diets: inclusion levels of SBOil: 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 g/kg of dry matter (DM). The SOil inclusion reduced the DM intake (P < 0.001), Total digestible nutrients (P = 0.004), and crude protein (P < 0.001). Total weight gain (P < 0.001) decreased with the SBOil inclusion and subcutaneous fat thickness (P = 0.017) showed the same behaviour. The final body weight decreased by 42.9 g/kgDM until the inclusion level of 30 g/kgDM; from this level it was reduced by 145 g/kgDM. The hot and cold carcass weights (P = 0.013) decreased by 36.6 g/kgDM after including 30 g/kgDM of SBOil. Meat physicochemical composition was not altered (P > 0.05). Lower meat tenderness values were obtained at the levels of 60 and 90 g/kgDM. The inclusion above 30 g/kgDM decreased meat tenderness. It is concluded that soybean oil should be included up to 30 g/kgDM in diets. It is important to note that with diets with 60% concentrate, SBOil levels greater than 30 g/kgDM promote yield losses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Henry Daniel Ruiz Alba
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, 40.170-110, Brazil
| | - Lara Maria Santos Brant
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, 40.170-110, Brazil
| | - Douglas Dos Santos Pina
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, 40.170-110, Brazil
| | | | - José Augusto Gomes Azevêdo
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, 45.662-900, Brazil
| | - Dorgival Morais de Lima Júnior
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal Rural Do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, Rio Grande Do Norte, 59.625-900, Brazil
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Lima VGO, da Silva LO, de Freitas Júnior JE, Alba HDR, Silva WP, Pina DDS, Leite LC, Rodrigues CS, Santos SA, Becker CA, de Carvalho GGP. Soybean Oil, Linoleic Acid Source, in Lamb Diets: Intake, Digestibility, Performance, Ingestive Behaviour, and Blood Metabolites. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2075. [PMID: 39061537 PMCID: PMC11274205 DOI: 10.3390/ani14142075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of the current study was to evaluate the effects of soybean oil inclusion in diets on feeding behaviour, digestibility, performance, and blood metabolites of feedlot lambs. Forty non-castrated Santa Inês lambs with a mean age of 5 months and initial body weight of 34.88 ± 3.19 kg were used in a 40-day feeding trial. The lambs were distributed in five experimental diets with the inclusion of increasing soybean oil (SO) levels: 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 g/kg DM. The SO inclusion promoted a linear reduction in DM intake (p < 0.001), crude protein (CP, p < 0.001), non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC, p < 0.001), and total digestible nutrients (TDN, p = 0.004). There was an increasing quadratic effect on the intake of ether extract (EE; p = 0.002) and decreasing for neutral detergent fiber (p = 0.005). The soybean oil inclusion promoted the greater apparent digestibility of CP (p = 0.016), EE (p = 0.005), NDFom (p < 0.001), and TDN (p < 0.001); on the other hand, the apparent digestibility of NFC (p = 0.005) was decreased. The average daily gain decreased (p < 0.001) with SO inclusion. The SO inclusion increased feeding time (p = 0.004), reduced the efficiency of DM rumination (p = 0.001), and reduced the concentration of blood N-ureic (p < 0.001). Considering the productive parameters, SO can be included in diets and it is recommended that we include SO of up to 41 g/kg DM in diets for fattening lambs as the ideal maximum level. The strategy implemented to adapt lambs to increasing levels of high-fat diet mitigated the detrimental effects of lipids on the rumen, with high-density energy intake being the constraining factor on performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor G. O. Lima
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Av. Adhemar de Barros, 500, Ondina, Salvador 40170110, Brazil; (V.G.O.L.); (L.O.d.S.); (J.E.d.F.J.); (H.D.R.A.); (W.P.S.); (D.d.S.P.); (C.S.R.); (S.A.S.)
| | - Liliane O. da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Av. Adhemar de Barros, 500, Ondina, Salvador 40170110, Brazil; (V.G.O.L.); (L.O.d.S.); (J.E.d.F.J.); (H.D.R.A.); (W.P.S.); (D.d.S.P.); (C.S.R.); (S.A.S.)
| | - José E. de Freitas Júnior
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Av. Adhemar de Barros, 500, Ondina, Salvador 40170110, Brazil; (V.G.O.L.); (L.O.d.S.); (J.E.d.F.J.); (H.D.R.A.); (W.P.S.); (D.d.S.P.); (C.S.R.); (S.A.S.)
| | - Henry D. R. Alba
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Av. Adhemar de Barros, 500, Ondina, Salvador 40170110, Brazil; (V.G.O.L.); (L.O.d.S.); (J.E.d.F.J.); (H.D.R.A.); (W.P.S.); (D.d.S.P.); (C.S.R.); (S.A.S.)
| | - Willian P. Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Av. Adhemar de Barros, 500, Ondina, Salvador 40170110, Brazil; (V.G.O.L.); (L.O.d.S.); (J.E.d.F.J.); (H.D.R.A.); (W.P.S.); (D.d.S.P.); (C.S.R.); (S.A.S.)
| | - Douglas dos S. Pina
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Av. Adhemar de Barros, 500, Ondina, Salvador 40170110, Brazil; (V.G.O.L.); (L.O.d.S.); (J.E.d.F.J.); (H.D.R.A.); (W.P.S.); (D.d.S.P.); (C.S.R.); (S.A.S.)
| | - Laudí C. Leite
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Cruz das Almas 44380000, Brazil;
| | - Carlindo S. Rodrigues
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Av. Adhemar de Barros, 500, Ondina, Salvador 40170110, Brazil; (V.G.O.L.); (L.O.d.S.); (J.E.d.F.J.); (H.D.R.A.); (W.P.S.); (D.d.S.P.); (C.S.R.); (S.A.S.)
| | - Stefanie A. Santos
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Av. Adhemar de Barros, 500, Ondina, Salvador 40170110, Brazil; (V.G.O.L.); (L.O.d.S.); (J.E.d.F.J.); (H.D.R.A.); (W.P.S.); (D.d.S.P.); (C.S.R.); (S.A.S.)
| | - Carly A. Becker
- Penn State Extension, College of Agricultural Science, Pen State University, State College, PA 16802, USA;
| | - Gleidson G. P. de Carvalho
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Av. Adhemar de Barros, 500, Ondina, Salvador 40170110, Brazil; (V.G.O.L.); (L.O.d.S.); (J.E.d.F.J.); (H.D.R.A.); (W.P.S.); (D.d.S.P.); (C.S.R.); (S.A.S.)
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Sow F, Niang K, Camara Y, Traoré EH, Moula N, Cabaraux JF, Missohou A, Hornick JL. Comparative Study of Intake, Apparent Digestibility and Energy and Nitrogen Uses in Sahelian and Majorera Dairy Goats Fed Hay of Vigna unguiculata. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E861. [PMID: 32429248 PMCID: PMC7278390 DOI: 10.3390/ani10050861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to compare digestive and metabolic characteristics in Sahelian (S) and Majorera (M) goat breeds. Six lactating females from each breed, with an average weight 27.0 ± 1.93 and 23.7 ± 1.27 kg, respectively, were used. Cowpea hay, variety 58/74, was offered as sole feed ingredient, at a rate of 2 kg of fresh matter per animal per day. The animals were placed in metabolic cages and a digestibility test was conducted according to an adaptation period of 15 days and a collection period of 7 days. The daily chemical components offered and refused and recovered faeces, urine and milk were measured in order to assess energy and nitrogen utilization. The M and S goats had similar levels of dry matter (DM) intake as well as nutrient digestibility. On a metabolic weight basis, dry matter intake, gross energy intake, metabolizable and energy intake, digestible energy and energy lost as methane production were significantly higher (p < 0.01) in M than in S goats. Urinary energy excretion was similar (p = 0.9) between breeds, while faecal energy output was higher in M than in S goats. The milk energy output from the M goats was higher than that the S goats (p < 0.05). However, metabolizable to net energy conversion efficiency (klm) was not affected by breed (p = 0.37), while N intake, milk N yield and faecal N losses, relative to metabolic weight, were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in M than in S goats. Similarly, the percentage of dietary N intake excreted in urine (UNIN) was higher in S than in M breeds. The breed factor had no effect on N retained, N digestibility, urinary N and N use efficiency. In conclusion, the M and S goats were similar in terms of energy and nitrogen use efficiency, despite higher daily milk production and DM consumption in the M goat. This suggests that the M breed is possibly more dependent on a dense nutrition diet than the S breed but requires less maintenance nitrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fafa Sow
- Department of Animal Resources Management and Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Quartier Vallée 2, Avenue de Cureghem 6, B43a, 4000 Liège, Belgium;
- Senegalese Institute for Agricultural Research (ISRA), Bel Air, Routes des Hydrocarbures, BP 3120 Dakar, Senegal; (Y.C.); (E.H.T.)
| | - Khady Niang
- Office of Zootechnie-Feeding, Inter-State School of Veterinary Science and Medicine (EISMV), BP 577 Dakar, Senegal; (K.N.); (A.M.)
| | - Younouss Camara
- Senegalese Institute for Agricultural Research (ISRA), Bel Air, Routes des Hydrocarbures, BP 3120 Dakar, Senegal; (Y.C.); (E.H.T.)
| | - El Hadji Traoré
- Senegalese Institute for Agricultural Research (ISRA), Bel Air, Routes des Hydrocarbures, BP 3120 Dakar, Senegal; (Y.C.); (E.H.T.)
| | - Nassim Moula
- Department of Animal Resources Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, FARAH Center, Quartier Vallée 2, Avenue de Cureghem 6, B43a, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (N.M.); (J.F.C.)
| | - Jean François Cabaraux
- Department of Animal Resources Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, FARAH Center, Quartier Vallée 2, Avenue de Cureghem 6, B43a, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (N.M.); (J.F.C.)
| | - Ayao Missohou
- Office of Zootechnie-Feeding, Inter-State School of Veterinary Science and Medicine (EISMV), BP 577 Dakar, Senegal; (K.N.); (A.M.)
| | - Jean-Luc Hornick
- Department of Animal Resources Management and Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Quartier Vallée 2, Avenue de Cureghem 6, B43a, 4000 Liège, Belgium;
- Department of Animal Resources Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, FARAH Center, Quartier Vallée 2, Avenue de Cureghem 6, B43a, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (N.M.); (J.F.C.)
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Gallo S, Brochado T, Brochine L, Passareli D, Costa S, Bueno I, Balieiro J, Franzolin Neto R, Tedeschi L. Effect of biosurfactant added in two different oil source diets on lamb performance and ruminal and blood parameters. Livest Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Sánchez Chino XM, Corzo Ríos LJ, Martínez Herrera J, Cardador Martínez A, Jiménez Martínez C. Effect of thermal treatment on the extraction efficiency, physicochemical quality of Jatropha curcas oil, and biological quality of its proteins. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2019; 56:1567-1574. [PMID: 30956337 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-019-03666-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Jatropha curcas seeds are an important source of oil (5-60%), used to obtain biodiesel. The generated residual paste has a high concentration of proteins (50-55%); however, the seeds contain non-nutritional factors that limit their use. The objective of this work was to analyze the effect on the physicochemical properties of the oil obtained from J. curcas seeds subjected to different thermal treatments and to evaluate the biological quality of the proteins contained in the residual cake. The best extraction of oil (95%) was obtained after 10 h from roasted or boiled seeds. In the oil from roasted samples, the acid index increased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) with respect to the untreated sample, whereas the iodine index increased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) in the oil extracted from the boiled samples. With respect to the proximal chemical composition of the flour, roasting and boiling treatments allowed for greater oil extraction (97 and 92%), achieving, in turn, a higher content of proteins (59.56 and 58.5 g/100 g) and fiber (6.67 and 6.67 g/100 g), and lower activity of trypsin inhibitors (45 and 38%) and phytates (63 and 72%), respectively. According to the in vivo biological quality test, conducted on Wistar rats, the thermal treatments applied to the seeds improved digestibility (> 70%) and the protein efficiency index (PER). The thermal treatment allowed extracting more efficiently the oil and improved the quality of the proteins present in the residual paste.
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Affiliation(s)
- X M Sánchez Chino
- Cátedra-CONACyT, Departamento de Salud, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur-Villahermosa, Carretera a Reforma Km. 15.5 s/n. Ra. Guineo 2da. Sección, 86280 Villahermosa, Tabasco Mexico
| | - L J Corzo Ríos
- 2Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Acueducto S/N, Barrio La Laguna, Col. La Laguna Ticomán, 07340 México City, Mexico
| | - J Martínez Herrera
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Tabasco, Campo Experimental Huimanguillo, Km. 1. Carr. Huimanguillo-Cárdenas, 86400 Tabasco, Mexico
| | - A Cardador Martínez
- 4Tecnológico de Monterrey Campus Querétaro, Epigmenio González 500, San Pablo, 76130 Santiago De Querétaro, Qro Mexico
| | - C Jiménez Martínez
- 5Laboratorio de Moléculas Bioactivas. Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu Esq. Cda. Miguel Stampa s/n, Delegación Gustavo A. Madero, 07738 México City, CdMx Mexico
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