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Pombal MA, Megías M, Lozano D, López JM. Neuromeric Distribution of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate-Diaphorase Activity in the Adult Lamprey Brain. Front Neuroanat 2022; 16:826087. [PMID: 35197830 PMCID: PMC8859838 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2022.826087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study reports for the first time the distribution and morphological characterization of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase (NADPH-d; a reliable marker of nitric oxide synthase activity) positive elements in the central nervous system of the adult river lamprey (Lampetra fluviatilis) on the framework of the neuromeric model and compares their cytoarchitectonic organization with that of gnathostomes. Both NADPH-d exhibiting cells and fibers were observed in all major divisions of the lamprey brain as well as in the spinal cord. In the secondary prosencephalon, NADPH-d positive cells were observed in the mitral cell layer of the olfactory bulb, evaginated pallium, amygdala, dorsal striatum, septum, lateral preoptic nucleus, caudal paraventricular area, posterior entopeduncular nucleus, nucleus of the stria medullaris, hypothalamic periventricular organ and mamillary region sensu lato. In the lamprey diencephalon, NADPH-d labeled cells were observed in several nuclei of the prethalamus, epithalamus, pretectum, and the basal plate. Especially remarkable was the staining observed in the right habenula and several pretectal nuclei. NADPH-d positive cells were also observed in the following mesencephalic areas: optic tectum (two populations), torus semicircularis, nucleus M5 of Schöber, and a ventral tegmental periventricular nucleus. Five different cell populations were observed in the isthmic region, whereas the large sensory dorsal cells, some cells located in the interpeduncular nucleus, the motor nuclei of most cranial nerves, the solitary tract nucleus, some cells of the reticular nuclei, and small cerebrospinal fluid-contacting (CSF-c) cells were the most evident stained cells of the rhombencephalon proper. Finally, several NADPH-d positive cells were observed in the rostral part of the spinal cord, including the large sensory dorsal cells, numerous CSF-c cells, and some dorsal and lateral interneurons. NADPH-d positive fibers were observed in the olfactory pathways (primary olfactory fibers and stria medullaris), the fasciculus retroflexus, and the dorsal column tract. Our results on the distribution of NADPH-d positive elements in the brain of the adult lamprey L. fluviatilis are significantly different from those previously reported in larval lampreys and demonstrated that these animals possess a complex nitrergic system readily comparable to those of other vertebrates, although important specific differences also exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel A. Pombal
- Neurolam Group, Facultade de Bioloxía-IBIV, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
- *Correspondence: Manuel A. Pombal,
| | - Manuel Megías
- Neurolam Group, Facultade de Bioloxía-IBIV, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Daniel Lozano
- Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús M. López
- Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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López JM, Morona R, González A. Pattern of nitrergic cells and fibers organization in the central nervous system of the Australian lungfish, Neoceratodus forsteri (Sarcopterygii: Dipnoi). J Comp Neurol 2019; 527:1771-1800. [PMID: 30689201 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The Australian lungfish Neoceratodus forsteri is the only extant species of the order Ceratodontiformes, which retained most of the primitive features of ancient lobe finned-fishes. Lungfishes are the closest living relatives of land vertebrates and their study is important for deducing the neural traits that were conserved, modified, or lost with the transition from fishes to land vertebrates. We have investigated the nitrergic system with neural nitric oxide synthase (NOS) immunohistochemistry and NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-d) histochemistry, which yielded almost identical results except for the primary olfactory projections and the terminal and preoptic nerve fibers labeled only for NADPH-d. Combined immunohistochemistry was used for simultaneous detection of NOS with catecholaminergic, cholinergic, and serotonergic structures, aiming to establish accurately the localization of the nitrergic elements and to assess possible interactions between these neurotransmitter systems. The results demonstrated abundant nitrergic cells in the basal ganglia, amygdaloid complex, preoptic area, basal hypothalamus, mesencephalic tectum and tegmentum, laterodorsal tegmental nucleus, reticular formation, spinal cord, and retina. In addition, low numbers of nitrergic cells were observed in the olfactory bulb, all pallial divisions, lateral septum, suprachiasmatic nucleus, prethalamic and thalamic areas, posterior tubercle, pretectum, torus semicircularis, cerebellar nucleus, interpeduncular nucleus, the medial octavolateral nucleus, nucleus of the solitary tract, and the dorsal column nucleus. Colocalization of NOS and tyrosine hydroxylase was observed in numerous cells of the ventral tegmental area/substantia nigra complex. Comparison with other vertebrates, using a neuromeric analysis, reveals that the nitrergic system of Neoceratodus shares many neuroanatomical features with tetrapods and particularly with amphibians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús M López
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ruth Morona
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Agustín González
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Fujimoto H, Konno K, Watanabe M, Jinno S. Late postnatal shifts of parvalbumin and nitric oxide synthase expression within the GABAergic and glutamatergic phenotypes of inferior colliculus neurons. J Comp Neurol 2016; 525:868-884. [PMID: 27560447 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The inferior colliculus (IC) is partitioned into three subdivisions: the dorsal and lateral cortices (DC and LC) and the central nucleus (ICC), and serves as an integration center of auditory information. Recent studies indicate that a certain population of IC neurons may represent the non-GABAergic phenotype, while they express well-established cortical/hippocampal GABAergic neuron markers. In this study we used the optical disector to investigate the phenotype of IC neurons expressing parvalbumin (PV) and/or nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in C57BL/6J mice during the late postnatal period. Four major types of IC neurons were defined by the presence (+) or absence (-) of PV, NOS, and glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 (GAD67): PV+ /NOS- /GAD67+ , PV+ /NOS+ /GAD67+ , PV+ /NOS- /GAD67- , and PV- /NOS+ /GAD67- . Fluorescent in situ hybridization for vesicular glutamate transporter 2 mRNA indicated that almost all GAD67- IC neurons represented the glutamatergic phenotype. The numerical densities (NDs) of total GAD67+ IC neurons remained unchanged in all subdivisions. The NDs of PV+ /NOS- /GAD67+ neurons and PV- /NOS+ /GAD67- neurons were reduced with age in the ICC, while they remained unchanged in the DC and LC. By contrast, the NDs of PV+ /NOS+ /GAD67+ neurons and PV+ /NOS- /GAD67- neurons were increased with age in the ICC, although there were no changes in the DC and LC. The cell body size of GAD67+ IC neurons did not vary according to the expression of PV with or without NOS. The present findings indicate that the expression of PV and NOS may shift with age within the GABAergic and glutamatergic phenotypes of IC neurons during the late postnatal period. J. Comp. Neurol. 525:868-884, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisataka Fujimoto
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kotaro Konno
- Department of Anatomy, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Anatomy, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shozo Jinno
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Hinova-Palova D, Landzhov B, Dzhambazova E, Edelstein L, Minkov M, Fakih K, Minkov R, Paloff A, Ovtscharoff W. NADPH-diaphorase-positive neurons in the human inferior colliculus: morphology, distribution and clinical implications. Brain Struct Funct 2016; 222:1829-1846. [DOI: 10.1007/s00429-016-1310-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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López JM, Lozano D, Morona R, González A. Organization of the nitrergic neuronal system in the primitive bony fishes Polypterus senegalus and Erpetoichthys calabaricus (Actinopterygii: Cladistia). J Comp Neurol 2015; 524:1770-804. [PMID: 26517971 DOI: 10.1002/cne.23922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cladistians are a group of basal actinopterygian fishes that constitute a good model for studying primitive brain features, most likely present in the ancestral bony fishes. The analysis of the nitrergic neurons (with the enzyme nitric oxide synthase; NOS) has helped in understanding important aspects of brain organization in all vertebrates studied. We investigated the nitrergic system of two cladistian species by means of specific antibodies against NOS and NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-d) histochemistry, which, with the exception of the primary olfactory and terminal nerve fibers, labeled only for NADPH-d, yielded identical results. Double immunohistochemistry was conducted for simultaneous detection of NOS with tyrosine hydroxylase, choline acetyltransferase, calbindin, calretinin, and serotonin, to establish accurately the localization of the nitrergic neurons and fibers and to assess possible interactions between these neuroactive substances. The pattern of distribution in both species showed only subtle differences in the density of labeled cells. Distinct groups of NOS-immunoreactive cells were observed in pallial and subpallial areas, paraventricular region, tuberal and retromammillary hypothalamic areas, posterior tubercle, prethalamic and thalamic areas, optic tectum, torus semicircularis, mesencephalic tegmentum, interpeduncular nucleus, superior and middle reticular nuclei, magnocellular vestibular nucleus, solitary tract nucleus, nucleus medianus magnocellularis, the spinal cord and amacrine cells in the retina. Large neurons in cranial nerve sensory ganglia were also labeled. The comparison of these results with those from other vertebrates, using a neuromeric analysis, reveals a conserved pattern of organization of the nitrergic system from this primitive fish group to amniotes, including mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús M López
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University Complutense, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Lozano
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University Complutense, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ruth Morona
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University Complutense, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Agustín González
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University Complutense, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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Kaltwaßer B, Schulenborg T, Beck F, Klotz M, Schäfer KH, Schmitt M, Sickmann A, Friauf E. Developmental changes of the protein repertoire in the rat auditory brainstem: a comparative proteomics approach in the superior olivary complex and the inferior colliculus with DIGE and iTRAQ. J Proteomics 2012. [PMID: 23201114 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Protein profiles of developing neural circuits undergo manifold changes. The aim of this proteomic analysis was to quantify postnatal changes in two auditory brainstem areas in a comparative approach. Protein samples from the inferior colliculus (IC) and the superior olivary complex (SOC) were obtained from neonatal (P4) and young adult (P60) rats. The cytosolic fractions of both areas were examined by 2-D DIGE, and the plasma membrane-enriched fraction of the IC was analyzed via iTRAQ. iTRAQ showed a regulation in 34% of the quantified proteins. DIGE revealed 12% regulated spots in both the SOC and IC and, thus, numeric congruency. Although regulation in KEGG pathways displayed a similar pattern in both areas, only 13 of 71 regulated DIGE proteins were regulated in common, implying major area-specific differences. 89% of regulated glycolysis/gluconeogenesis and citrate cycle proteins were up-regulated in the SOC or IC, suggesting a higher energy demand in adulthood. Seventeen cytoskeleton proteins were regulated, consistent with complex morphological reorganization between P4 and P60. Fourteen were uniquely regulated in the SOC, providing further evidence for area-specific differences. Altogether, we provide the first elaborate catalog of proteins involved in auditory brainstem development, several of them possibly of particular developmental relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Kaltwaßer
- Animal Physiology Group, Department of Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
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Ouda L, Syka J. Immunocytochemical profiles of inferior colliculus neurons in the rat and their changes with aging. Front Neural Circuits 2012; 6:68. [PMID: 23049499 PMCID: PMC3448074 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2012.00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The inferior colliculus (IC) plays a strategic role in the central auditory system in relaying and processing acoustical information, and therefore its age-related changes may significantly influence the quality of the auditory function. A very complex processing of acoustical stimuli occurs in the IC, as supported also by the fact that the rat IC contains more neurons than all other subcortical auditory structures combined. GABAergic neurons, which predominantly co-express parvalbumin (PV), are present in the central nucleus of the IC in large numbers and to a lesser extent in the dorsal and external/lateral cortices of the IC. On the other hand, calbindin (CB) and calretinin (CR) are prevalent in the dorsal and external cortices of the IC, with only a few positive neurons in the central nucleus. The relationship between CB and CR expression in the IC and any neurotransmitter system has not yet been well established, but the distribution and morphology of the immunoreactive neurons suggest that they are at least partially non-GABAergic cells. The expression of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) (a key enzyme for GABA synthesis) and calcium binding proteins (CBPs) in the IC of rats undergoes pronounced changes with aging that involve mostly a decline in protein expression and a decline in the number of immunoreactive neurons. Similar age-related changes in GAD, CB, and CR expression are present in the IC of two rat strains with differently preserved inner ear function up to late senescence (Long-Evans and Fischer 344), which suggests that these changes do not depend exclusively on peripheral deafferentation but are, at least partially, of central origin. These changes may be associated with the age-related deterioration in the processing of the temporal parameters of acoustical stimuli, which is not correlated with hearing threshold shifts, and therefore may contribute to central presbycusis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ladislav Ouda
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Prague, Czech Republic
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