Gastroesophageal reflux disease and esophagitis associated with the use of drugs: the modern state of the problem

Stroke and the risk of gastrointestinal disorders: A Mendelian randomization study

Background

The issue of whether a stroke is causally related to gastrointestinal disorders was still not satisfactorily understood. Therefore, we investigated if there is a connection between stroke and the most prevalent gastrointestinal disorders, including peptic ulcer disease (PUD), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Methods

We applied two-sample Mendelian randomization to investigate relationships with gastrointestinal disorders. We obtained genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data of any stroke, ischemic stroke, and its subtypes from the MEGASTROKE consortium. From the International Stroke Genetics Consortium (ISGC) meta-analysis, we acquired GWAS summary information on intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), including all ICH, deep ICH, and lobar ICH. Several sensitivity studies were performed to identify heterogeneity and pleiotropy, while inverse-variance weighted (IVW) was utilized as the most dominant estimate.

Results

No evidence for an effect of genetic predisposition to ischemic stroke and its subtypes on gastrointestinal disorders were found in IVW. The complications of deep ICH are a higher risk for PUD and GERD. Meanwhile, lobar ICH has a higher risk of complications for PUD.

Conclusion

This study provides proof of the presence of a brain-gut axis. Among the complications of ICH, PUD and GERD were more common and associated with the site of hemorrhage.

Erosive and ulcerative lesions of the digestive tract: optimization of diagnosis and management tactics

Erosive and ulcerative lesions of the digestive tract are one of the most pressing problems in the clinic of internal diseases due to the extremely widespread prevalence, the presence of severe complications, often fatal, diagnostic difficulties due to the presence of a large number of asymptomatic pathologies and difficulties in the rational choice of therapy. Particularly noteworthy is the data that during the global pandemic of Covid-19 infection, it is capable, quite often, of causing the development of erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract. In this regard, it seems important to use drugs that can not only prevent the occurrence of erosive and ulcerative lesions and strictures throughout the gastrointestinal tract, but also effectively achieve epithelialization of injuries to the mucous membrane of the oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine. One of them is Rebamipid-CZ, which has a fairly high safety and efficacy profile. It seems important to consider the issues of optimizing the prevention and treatment of erosive and ulcerative lesions of various parts of the gastrointestinal tract of various etiologies, taking into account the possibility of using rebamipide both as part of complex therapy and in isolation.

[Functional diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in the context with overlapping functional disorders: current status of the problem]

Functional diseases of the gastrointestinal tract cause significant damage to the health care system. Their frequent combination in the same patient with the migration of clinical symptoms throughout the digestive tube is accompanied by continuous exacerbations, refractory to the therapy and severe psychosocial disorders. This review provides data on the main etiopathogenetic factors, clinical manifestations, course features and management tactics for patients with overlapping for the most common functional diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.