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Teshima A, Shatnawi AA, Satyanarayana S, Khader YS, Maia IF, Wilson NC. High prevalence of current tobacco smoking among patients with tuberculosis and people living with HIV in Jordan: A cross-sectional survey. Tob Induc Dis 2023; 21:136. [PMID: 37869614 PMCID: PMC10587893 DOI: 10.18332/tid/171551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Continued smoking by patients with tuberculosis (TB) and people living with HIV (PLHIV) leads to adverse treatment outcomes. Estimates of tobacco use among the population are scarce in the Eastern Mediterranean region, where the burden of TB and HIV is also low but highly variable. This study determined the prevalence of current smoking and assessed factors associated with current smoking among patients with TB and PLHIV in Jordan. METHODS We analyzed data from the Jordan Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices survey in 2021. Information on current tobacco use, including products and frequency of smoking, was collected from 452 patients with TB and 152 PLHIV. We performed multivariable logistic regression to assess the sociodemographic characteristics independently associated with current smoking. RESULTS Prevalence of current smoking was 43.8% among TB patients and 67.8 % among PLHIV, and conventional cigarettes were the most used tobacco products. The prevalence of current smoking among patients with TB was higher among males (AOR=8.20; 95% CI: 5.05-13.32), Jordanians (AOR=5.37; 95% CI: 2.66-10.86) and Syrians (AOR=4.13; 95% CI: 1.60-10.67), and those experiencing financial difficulties (AOR=2.83; 95% CI: 1.69-4.74). The prevalence of current smoking among PLHIV was higher in those with financial difficulties (AOR=3.13; 95% CI: 1.19-8.27). CONCLUSIONS Nearly half of the patients with TB and PLHIV were current tobacco smokers, higher than the general population. There is an urgent need to investigate the reasons for such a high smoking prevalence and introduce and strengthen smoking cessation services under the TB and HIV control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Teshima
- Tobacco Control Unit, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Tobacco Control Research Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ayah A. Shatnawi
- Migration Health Division, International Organization for Migration (IOM), Amman, Jordan
| | - Srinath Satyanarayana
- Migration Health Division, International Organization for Migration (IOM), Amman, Jordan
| | - Yousef S. Khader
- Department of Community Medicine, Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ibrahim F. Maia
- Department of Chest Diseases and Migrant Health, Ministry of Health, Amman, Jordan
| | - Nevin C. Wilson
- Migration Health Division, International Organization for Migration (IOM), Amman, Jordan
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Leventakou V, Al Thani M, Sofroniou A, Butt HI, Eltayeb SM, Hakim IA, Thomson C, Nair US. Feasibility and Acceptability of a Telephone-Based Smoking Cessation Intervention for Qatari Residents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16509. [PMID: 36554389 PMCID: PMC9779462 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The steady increase in smoking rates has led to a call for wide-reaching and scalable interventions for smoking cessation in Qatar. This study examined the feasibility and acceptability of an evidence-based smoking cessation program delivered by telephone for Qatari residents. A total of 248 participants were recruited through primary care centers and received five weekly scheduled proactive behavioral counseling calls from personnel trained in tobacco cessation and navigation to obtain cessation pharmacotherapy from clinics. Outcomes were assessed at end of treatment (EOT), and 1- and-3-month follow up. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the average number of participants recruited per month pre- and post-COVID. We recruited 16 participants/month, the majority (85.5%) attended at least one counselling session, and 95.4% used some of pharmacotherapy. Retention rates were 70% at EOT, 64.4% and 71.7% at 1- and 3-month follow up, respectively; 86% reported being 'extremely satisfied' by the program. Our ITT 7-day point prevalence abstinence was 41.6% at EOT, 38.4% and 39.3% at 1-and 3-month, respectively. The average number of participants recruited per month was significantly higher for pre vs. post-COVID (18.9 vs. 10.0, p-value = 0.02). Average number of participants retained at EOT per recruitment month showed a slight decrease from 8.6 pre- to 8.2 post-COVID; average number who quit smoking at EOT per recruitment month also showed a decrease from 6 to 4.6. The study results indicated that our telephone-based intervention is feasible and acceptable in this population and presents a new treatment model which can be easily disseminated to a broad population of Qatari smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Leventakou
- Health Research Governance Department, Ministry of Public Health, Doha P.O. Box 42, Qatar
| | - Mohammed Al Thani
- Public Health Department, Ministry of Public Health, Doha P.O. Box 42, Qatar
| | - Angeliki Sofroniou
- Public Health Department, Ministry of Public Health, Doha P.O. Box 42, Qatar
| | - Hamza I. Butt
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Safa M. Eltayeb
- Public Health Department, Ministry of Public Health, Doha P.O. Box 42, Qatar
| | - Iman A. Hakim
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Cynthia Thomson
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Uma S. Nair
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
- College of Nursing, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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AlMulla A, Kouyoumjian S, Maisonneuve P, Cheema S, Mamtani R. Waterpipe smoking: Results from a population-based study in
Qatar. Tob Induc Dis 2022; 20:61. [PMID: 35836909 PMCID: PMC9227603 DOI: 10.18332/tid/149907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Waterpipe smoking is common in the Eastern Mediterranean Region and is becoming more prevalent in Qatar. To better plan waterpipe smoking control strategies we aimed to: 1) determine the prevalence of waterpipe smoking and explore its patterns in Qatar; 2) describe the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to smoking behaviors; 3) recognize locations of waterpipe smoking and symptoms experienced during waterpipe sessions; and 4) evaluate the frequency of waterpipe smoking and the initiation age. METHODS We analyzed the data of a 7921 population-based survey of adults aged ≥18 years (nationals and expatriates), conducted in Qatar between March and December 2019. Out of 7105 surveys collected, 6904 were complete and included in the analysis. RESULTS Of the 6904, 570 (8.3%; 95% CI: 7.7–9.0) were waterpipe tobacco smokers, 425 (10.6%) males and 145 (5.1%) females. The highest prevalence of waterpipe smoking was reported among people aged 18–24 years (10.6%). Of the 575 waterpipe smokers, 56.3% (n=324) were exclusive waterpipe smokers. Use of other tobacco products among waterpipe smokers was higher among Qataris (52.3%) than expatriates (37.7%). Waterpipe cafés were the most common location for waterpipe smoking, however, females preferred restaurants; 83.3% reported that waterpipe smoking is harmful, while 39.3% considered that it is less harmful than cigarette smoking. CONCLUSIONS Waterpipe smoking prevalence is considerably high in Qatar, the second form of tobacco used. The formulation of new policies and enforcement of regulatory restrictions on waterpipe smoking are essential to reduce its uptake. Expansion in tobacco cessation services for women and poly-tobacco users is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad AlMulla
- Tobacco Control Center, WHO Collaborating Center for Treating Tobacco Dependence, Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Silva Kouyoumjian
- Tobacco Control Center, WHO Collaborating Center for Treating Tobacco Dependence, Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Patrick Maisonneuve
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare, Milan, Italy
| | - Sohaila Cheema
- Institute for Population Health, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ravinder Mamtani
- Institute for Population Health, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
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Abstract
Tobacco use still represents a major threat to global public health and this calls for extensive efforts to control tobacco products and advocate harm-reduction policies. Recent global trends of prevalence rates in smoking are promising, as trajectories show a decline in all World Health Organization regions. Yet, this decline varies significantly at the national level. Jordan, as a country in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, has been in a long battle against tobacco. Despite that, the country is found to have one of the highest prevalence rates of tobacco use in the region and the world. Many challenges slow down effective and successful anti-tobacco policy implementation in Jordan, most notably cultural influences on smoking and the interference of the tobacco industry in tobacco policy making. Decision makers in Jordan should consider strengthening of anti-tobacco measures to avoid a public health catastrophe if tobacco use keeps rising at the current pace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ala'a B Al-Tammemi
- Department of Family and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Tobacco Research in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: A Scoping Review of Published Studies from Seven Countries. J Community Health 2021; 46:225-231. [PMID: 32474805 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-020-00850-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
While surveillance on a global scale has been showing a decline in tobacco smoking in the past decade, rates in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) remained stable with some countries showing rising trends. This study aimed to analyze the landscape of tobacco research in the EMR, present data on publication trends, and identify research gaps and opportunities to guide future tobacco research in the region. We conducted a scoping review of tobacco research in seven countries from January 2000 to December 2013. Three hundred and forty eight studies were identified, the majority of which were published in international journals and in English language. There was an increase in publications over time, with a significant positive linear trend (p = 0.03). Descriptive cross-sectional and case-control studies were the most common study designs (67.0%), and only 8% were longitudinal studies. Papers that reported, in part or solely, on waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) constituted 25.6% of the total publication pool. Tobacco consumption was treated as an exposure variable in half of the papers and mostly in relation to cancer and cardiovascular diseases, as an outcome measure in 37.7%, and as a confounding variable in 14.7% of the papers. Studies that examined associations of tobacco with other behaviors (5.3%) were lacking. The scarcity of high-evidence tobacco research in the EMR, together with the relatively deficient data on WTS and associations with other factors warrant the need for discussions on research priority setting and guidance on funding allocations in the region.
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Bellizzi S, Farina G, Cegolon L, Pichierri G, Napodano CMP, Santoro A, Said DS, Alzoubi Y. The NCD/COVID-19 intimidating relationship: An urgent call for countries in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region. J Glob Health 2021; 11:03010. [PMID: 33643620 PMCID: PMC7898245 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.11.03010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Saverio Bellizzi
- Medical Epidemiologist, Independent Consultant, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Luca Cegolon
- Local Health Unit N.2 "Marca Trevigiana", Public Health Department, Treviso, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pichierri
- Kingston Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Microbiology Unit, Kingston Upon Thames, UK
| | | | - Alessio Santoro
- Public Health Specialist, Independent Consultant, Milan, Italy
| | - Dina Sabry Said
- College of Business Administration, American University of the Middle East, Kuwait
| | - Yehia Alzoubi
- College of Business Administration, American University of the Middle East, Kuwait
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