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Patel P, Kennedy A, Carr S, Gillard S, Harris P, Sweeney A. Service user experiences of mental health assessments: a systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative literature. J Ment Health 2022:1-14. [PMID: 35965480 DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2022.2069691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Successive governments have placed service users' experiences at the heart of mental health services delivery and development. However, little is known about service users' experiences of assessments and there is some evidence that assessments can cause harm. AIMS To synthesise the qualitative literature on service users' experiences of undergoing mental health service assessments. METHODS Literature was systematically searched, screened and extracted, following PRISMA guidelines. Several search strategies were employed, including electronic database searches, handsearching, and forward and backward citation tracking, to identify literature which contained data on service users' experiences of mental health assessments. Thematic synthesis was used to derive a set of themes underpinning these experiences. RESULTS Of the 10,137 references screened, 47 were identified as relevant to the review. Two main themes were identified: the importance of humanising assessment processes and experiences of service user agency, with each theme containing four sub-themes. CONCLUSIONS Findings highlight key factors determining service user experience. We identify key practice implications, contextualised within the literature on trauma-informed approaches and conclude that trauma-informed approaches may aid understanding and improvement of people's assessment experiences. Further research into the experiences of people from Black and minority ethnic communities is indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paras Patel
- Cumbria, Northumberland and Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, UK
| | - Angela Kennedy
- Cumbria, Northumberland and Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, UK
| | - Sarah Carr
- Service User Research Enterprise, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, England
| | - Steve Gillard
- Centre for Mental Health Research, City, University of London, London, UK
| | - Poppy Harris
- Birmingham Community Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Angela Sweeney
- Service User Research Enterprise, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, England
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Zottola SA, Desmarais SL, Neupert SD, Dong L, Laber E, Lowder EM, Van Dorn RA. Results of the Brief Jail Mental Health Screen Across Repeated Jail Bookings. Psychiatr Serv 2019; 70:1006-1012. [PMID: 31378191 PMCID: PMC6857168 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.201800377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Brief Jail Mental Health Screen (BJMHS) is widely used at intake in county jails to identify detainees who may have serious mental illness and who should be referred for further mental health evaluation. The BJMHS may be administered multiple times across repeated jail bookings; however, the extent to which results may change over time is unclear. To that end, the authors examined the odds of screening positive on the BJMHS across repeated jail bookings. METHODS Data were drawn from the administrative and medical records of a large, urban county jail that used the BJMHS at jail booking. The study sample comprised BJMHS results for the 12,531 jail detainees who were booked at least twice during the 3.5-year period (N=41,965 bookings). Multilevel logistic modeling was used to examine changes over time overall and within the four decision rules (current psychiatric medication, prior hospitalization, two or more current symptoms, and referral for any other reason). RESULTS Results show that the odds of a positive screen overall increased with each jail booking, as did the odds of referral for any other reason. In contrast, the odds of screening positive for two or more current symptoms and prior hospitalization decreased. There was no change in the odds of screening positive for current psychiatric medication across bookings. CONCLUSIONS Findings show that BJMHS results changed across bookings. Further research is needed to determine whether changes reflect true changes in mental health status, issues with fidelity, the repeated nature of the screening process, or other factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha A Zottola
- Department of Psychology (Zottola, Desmarais, Neupert) and Department of Statistics (Dong, Laber), North Carolina State University, Raleigh; Department of Criminology, Law and Society, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia; (Lowder); RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (Van Dorn)
| | - Sarah L Desmarais
- Department of Psychology (Zottola, Desmarais, Neupert) and Department of Statistics (Dong, Laber), North Carolina State University, Raleigh; Department of Criminology, Law and Society, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia; (Lowder); RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (Van Dorn)
| | - Shevaun D Neupert
- Department of Psychology (Zottola, Desmarais, Neupert) and Department of Statistics (Dong, Laber), North Carolina State University, Raleigh; Department of Criminology, Law and Society, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia; (Lowder); RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (Van Dorn)
| | - Lin Dong
- Department of Psychology (Zottola, Desmarais, Neupert) and Department of Statistics (Dong, Laber), North Carolina State University, Raleigh; Department of Criminology, Law and Society, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia; (Lowder); RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (Van Dorn)
| | - Eric Laber
- Department of Psychology (Zottola, Desmarais, Neupert) and Department of Statistics (Dong, Laber), North Carolina State University, Raleigh; Department of Criminology, Law and Society, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia; (Lowder); RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (Van Dorn)
| | - Evan M Lowder
- Department of Psychology (Zottola, Desmarais, Neupert) and Department of Statistics (Dong, Laber), North Carolina State University, Raleigh; Department of Criminology, Law and Society, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia; (Lowder); RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (Van Dorn)
| | - Richard A Van Dorn
- Department of Psychology (Zottola, Desmarais, Neupert) and Department of Statistics (Dong, Laber), North Carolina State University, Raleigh; Department of Criminology, Law and Society, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia; (Lowder); RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (Van Dorn)
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